Application case of environmental monitoring based on wireless communication
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1. Status Quo of the Environmental Protection Industry
As the technical department of the national environmental protection system, the environmental monitoring department is an important foundation for environmental management. With the enhancement of citizens’ environmental awareness, more and more people have begun to care about the quality of the environment they live in, requiring transparency in environmental protection work; higher-level authorities also need a large number, variety of information that is updated quickly. All of this raises a problem that should be paid attention to by the environmental monitoring department: how to establish an environmental protection data collection system with strong practicability, wide coverage and good flexibility to meet the needs of all parties for environmental monitoring information.
In the environmental protection system, it is often necessary to conduct real-time monitoring of many pollution discharge points, and most of the monitoring data needs to be sent to the back-end server of the management center in real time for processing. Because the monitoring points are scattered and widely distributed, and most of them are located in areas with harsh environments, data transmission through telephone lines is often less effective. Data transmission through CDMA1x wireless network has become one of the communication means chosen by environmental protection departments. The pollution source monitoring equipment can send the collected pollution data and alarm information to the environmental protection monitoring department in a timely manner through the CDMA1x network, so as to realize the timely management of the pollutant discharging unit or individual, which can greatly improve the work efficiency of the environmental protection department.
The GPRS and CDMA1x wireless network communication networking principles mentioned in the article are the same, and the GPRS is not introduced in detail in this article.
2. Project requirements
The environmental protection data collection system is a pollution source monitoring system composed of pollution source discharge monitoring points and monitoring centers. The system can automatically sample pollution sources and conduct online monitoring of major pollution factors; master the discharge of urban pollution sources and the total amount of pollution sources, and automatically transmit the monitoring data to the environmental protection monitoring center; the computer in the monitoring center conducts data aggregation, sorting and comprehensive analysis ; The monitoring information is transmitted to the Environmental Protection Bureau, which will supervise and manage the pollution sources.
At present, each pollution source discharge monitoring point is equipped with pollution source monitor to monitor the pollution source. The monitoring center receives the monitoring information transmitted by the monitoring points; and is responsible for the classification, screening and comprehensive analysis of the monitoring information. As the decision-making center of the system, the Environmental Protection Bureau analyzes and investigates the monitoring information obtained from the monitoring center station, makes management decisions in a timely manner, and increases management efforts.
At present, the data communication between the environmental protection monitoring station in Shandong Province and each collection point mainly adopts manual transcription or PSTN telephone line transmission. When using the telephone line to transmit data, the speed is slow and the cost is higher due to the need to wait for each dial-up. At the same time, due to the wide distribution, large number, and long distance of each monitoring point, and individual points are located in remote areas, many telephone lines need to be applied, and some monitoring points are difficult to reach by wired lines.
CDMA1x has the characteristics of high speed and low usage cost, and its transmission speed can reach 304kb/s. Compared with the wired communication method, the CDMA1x wireless communication method is very flexible. It has the advantages of flexible networking, easy expansion, low operating cost, simple maintenance and high cost performance. Therefore, the problem of real-time transmission of pollution source monitoring data can be solved by CDMA1x wireless transmission.
3. Advantages of the program
China Unicom’s CDMA1x system can provide wide-area wireless IP connectivity. Constructing an environmental protection information collection and transmission system on China Unicom’s CDMA1x business platform to realize wireless data transmission of environmental protection information collection points has the advantages of making full use of the existing network, shortening the construction period and reducing construction costs, and the equipment is easy to install and maintain. After comparative analysis, we choose China Unicom’s CDMA1x system as the data communication platform of the environmental protection information collection and transmission system.
China Unicom’s CDMA1x wireless environmental pollution source online monitoring system has the following characteristics:
1. Strong real-time performance
Compared with the short message service, because CDMA1x has real-time online characteristics, the system has no time delay, and can receive and process various data of multiple/all monitoring points synchronously without patrolling. It can well meet the real-time requirements of the system for data acquisition and transmission.
2. Remote control of instruments and equipment at each monitoring point
Through the CDMA1x two-way system, it can also realize reverse control of instruments and equipment, such as: time correction, status report, switch and other control functions, and can perform remote online upgrade of the system.
3. Low construction cost
Due to the use of the CDMA1x public network platform, there is no need to build a network, just install the equipment, and the construction cost is low;
4. Wide range of monitoring
The construction of an environmental protection information collection and transmission system requires a wide range of data communication coverage, unlimited expansion, and unlimited access locations, which can meet the access needs of mountainous areas, towns and regions. Due to the large number of environmental protection information collection points, which are distributed throughout the province, some environmental protection information collection points are located in remote areas and geographically dispersed.
5. Has good scalability
Since the CDMA1x network has covered most areas in Shandong Province at present, there are basically no blind spots, which can realize a large-scale online monitoring and meet the coverage requirements of the environmental protection information collection and transmission system.
6. The transmission capacity of the system is large
The environmental protection central station shall be connected in real time with each environmental protection information collection point. Due to the large number of environmental protection information collection points, the system requirements can meet the needs of burst data transmission, and CDMA1x technology can well meet the needs of burst data transmission.
7. High data transfer rate
The data transmission volume of each environmental protection information collection point is within 10Kbps. The network transmission rate of CDMA1x can theoretically reach 304kbit/s. At present, the actual data transmission rate of CDMA1x is about 80Kbps, which can fully meet the data transmission rate (≥10Kbps) requirements of this system.
8. Low communication costs
The monthly billing method is adopted, and the operating cost is low.
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