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1. Background and significance
With the further acceleration of economic globalization and the rapid development of international trade, container transportation has become an important form of transportation modernization due to its high efficiency, convenience and safety. Since the “9.11” terrorist incident, in order to prevent terrorist organizations from using ships to carry weapons of mass destruction or terrorists from entering the United States, the US government has continuously strengthened its port and shipping security measures. The United States implemented excellent inspections of containers from corresponding ports of the CSI (Container Security Agreement), which strongly stimulated the rapid development of electronic seal technology.
Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd. is the largest port company in mainland my country. The annual cargo throughput of Shanghai Port is 136.6 million tons, and the container throughput is 8.5 million TEUs. How to efficiently manage the containers parked at Shanghai Port and ensure the safety of the entire container in the transportation process has become a problem that plagues Shanghai Port Group.
Traditional container management mainly relies on manual management, which is in a manual and semi-manual state, and the efficiency is very low. Modern container management urgently needs an electronic tag that can record box, cargo and flow information in real time, record the time of opening and closing boxes and geographic information, so as to improve the overall level of container logistics. The application environment of container electronic tags is very complicated, and the technical difficulty is very high. The technical indicators, functional requirements, and process requirements proposed are far greater than those of ordinary electronic tags. Container electronic tags have very strict requirements on the safety and reliability of the tags.
Based on this, Shanghai Port and Shanghai Xiupai Electronics Co., Ltd. developed a new generation of electronic tags that can be used for container management. After 3 years, the RFID electronic seal developed by Shanghai Supai Electronics for Shanghai Port perfectly solved the problem that has plagued Shanghai Port for many years, and launched a new generation of reusable electronic tags incorporating GPRS technology. Electronic tags enter container, cargo and other data, and transmit them to the data center through wireless LAN, and implement real-time online monitoring of the container. All nodes of the container logistics chain can check logistics information on the system website at any time, and the time and location of legal and illegal unpacking Both can be accurately recorded and displayed on the website in real time. Including container information, loading/unloading information, container transportation information, inspection information, opening/closing time, geographic location, status, and logistics information can all be queried in real time, and can be transmitted in real time to thousands of miles away The background management system can log in to the system platform to query the status of a certain container from anywhere in the world.
2. Process flow introduction
In view of the characteristics of cross-border container transportation, the project team determined the process flow of applying container electronic tags from container packing point, arrival, loading, unloading, departure to unpacking point. According to the operation process, it can be divided into two major processes: “door-to-door” and “port-to-port”.
(1) “Door to door” process
A. Packing point:
Use the handheld reading and writing device to initialize the tag first, enter the tag number, container number, cargo name, etc. on the tag, and select the GPS geographic location. Close the door of the loaded container, hang an electronic label and report the dynamic information to the server.
B. Entry/exit crossings in the port area:
a. When a container truck with an electronic tag enters the entrance/exit crossing channel, the fixed reader/writer installed at the entrance crossing automatically reads the electronic tag, uploads all security and logistics dynamic information to the server, and displays the logistics information on the On the web. Confirm the security status of the electronic tag (whether the door is opened and closed illegally, the system will send out an alarm message, which is convenient for the sender/receiver to track down).
b. According to the container number, obtain the EDI electronic packing list data from the server, and record part of the EDI data in the label, and upload dynamic information such as security and logistics to the server.
C. Customs inspection:
a. At the inspection point, after the customs confirms the security status of the container, it is authorized to open the label, pull out the steel bolt opening door on the label, and automatically record the time and geographic location information of the opening door in the label, and upload the dynamic information to Server, logistics information is displayed on the web page.
b. After the customs inspection, close the door of the box, and insert the steel bolt into the label under the authorization status to complete the labeling. At this time, the label automatically records the time of closing the box and the geographic location information is automatically recorded in the label, and the dynamic information is uploaded to the server at the same time.
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