Application of Internet of Things Technology in Informationized Port Logistics
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Informatization control port logistics
The Southern California Terminal at the Port of Los Angeles in the United States introduced innovative radio frequency technology (RFID) to automatically collect data on incoming and outgoing containers with real-time location system technology to improve the speed and accuracy of container handling at the terminal. At the same time, RFID electronic tags were affixed to all trailers in the cargo yard of the Port of Los Angeles to fully automate the container data collection process.
At present, all containers entering and leaving the terminal are transported by trailers. The system can instantly identify the containers on the trailers with RFID electronic tags and confirm their location. This measure will effectively reduce container loading and unloading and circulation time. It is estimated that the time saved can reach more than half a day, which indirectly improves the delivery time.
In the development of the port industry, informatization plays a leading and controlling role in cargo transportation. Therefore, all ports pay great attention to the mastery, control and processing of information, and continuously improve the service capabilities of online booking, electronic data exchange, and customer tracking.
However, the current remote system information and computer fields of various ports in our country are not satisfactory. Some ports still use telephone or simple online registration methods for inquiries, management, and tracking methods.
Solve port logistics information needs
How to carry out informatization construction of port logistics under the pressure of change is the puzzle of many ports now. The reporter has learned from many ports that there are two major motivations for the port to carry out informatization construction, one is the pull of the demand for change, and the other is the port in order to enhance its core competitiveness.
Zhang Qingying, a professor at the School of Logistics of Wuhan University of Technology, told reporters that for the rapid development of modern logistics informatization in my country’s ports, three factors must be resolved.
The first level is to use Internet technology to solve the standard problems and cost problems of information sharing and information transmission. As long as the collection, transmission, processing, and sharing of information are resolved, the level of decision-making can be improved, thereby bringing benefits. At this level, there is no need to involve or involve less process transformation and optimization. The task of the information system is to provide timely and accurate information for decision-making.
The second level is the port’s use of system theory and optimization technology for the design and transformation of logistics processes, and integrate them into the new management system. The role of the information system at this time is to solidify the new process or new management system, so that it can be implemented in a standardized manner, and to enable logistics to provide optimized operation plans in the prescribed process, such as the optimization of storage and storage, and the optimization of transportation routes. Programs and provide more humane service programs, etc.
The third level enables the formation of a supply chain between the port and the enterprise, and enhances the role of supply chain management, of which logistics management is its main component.
If you want to control the level of port informatization construction at the first level due to capital and risk issues, this can temporarily solve the actual business processing problems, but it is difficult to meet the higher needs of shipowners.
Port information construction is risky, and it is very important to select suitable partners. At present, there are many companies involved in logistics software development and marketing, but some companies only develop a set of logistics business software based on their own experience in logistics operations. This can only help the port to solve some practical and basic logistics. Information needs do not have the possibility of forward-looking and sustainable development.
Mobile computing ensures smooth flow of information
At present, multinational companies generally use modern production and operation methods, transportation methods, and third-party logistics outsourcing, such as online orders, JIT, zero inventory, on-line settlement, door-to-door sales, and third-party logistics outsourcing in their global operations. Time-centered market competition is becoming more and more fierce. How to optimize supply chain management, improve the overall efficiency of logistics, and seize the commanding heights of future competition has become one of the most concerned issues in the global economy.
At present, some ports in our country are beginning to achieve real-time monitoring. With the help of radio monitoring technology, gratifying results have been achieved in container monitoring, including empty containers, packing, truck transportation, yard location, customs declaration, Real-time monitoring of the whole process of lifting and loading. The container under real-time monitoring can not only understand the real-time status (location) and progress of the container, but also check the status (location) and progress at a certain time in history.
Several application technologies of informatization in logistics can solve problems related to spatial location, such as the planning, scheduling, and distribution management of the intricate logistics network of the port.
The information management system composed of GPS (Satellite Global Positioning System) and GSM (Mobile Communication Technology) is widely used in the logistics and transportation industry, providing an ideal solution for mobile ship management, making it possible to optimize the overall transportation chain. Optimization means external optimization, such as preventing ships from being empty and fully loaded with cargo, but also means internal optimization, such as more efficient personnel and transportation equipment investment, higher site utilization, etc., which enable the port to reduce operating costs, Improve work efficiency and increase port economic benefits.
The scope of AIS real-time monitoring can be expanded from land to sea (on a ship). The credibility of logistics will be greatly improved, and it will be of great help to the transaction of goods. After the implementation of AIS, the accuracy of forecasting the arrival and docking time of container ships will be very high. Cargo owners can calculate the lifting and unloading time based on the loading position of their own containers, so that the containers can be directly unloaded onto the container trucks they dispatched. Drive directly to the destination. This alone can save a lot of costs.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology can identify, track, classify and detect multiple targets used in different occasions. The use of radio frequency waves for information transmission can be carried out in a variety of ways without being affected by the environment; the amount of information is large, the use is flexible, and the cost is gradually reduced.
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