Analysis of the application of RFID electronic tickets in the Beijing Olympics
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The 29th Olympic Games in 2008 will be held in China. In order to make this Olympic Games the most successful sports event in the history of the Olympic Games, the Chinese government put forward the theme and purpose of “High-tech Olympics, Green Olympics, and Humanistic Olympics”. How to embody the profound connotations of “High-tech Olympics and “Humanistic Olympics”? The construction of intelligent stadiums with good information facilities is its most basic hardware element. It can not only more effectively meet the requirements of various games, but also promote management and management. And the standardization of its comprehensive services, it can also provide a good and convenient interactive environment for athletes, especially the general audience, and provide an indispensable safety guarantee for the smooth progress of the competition. Here we will briefly introduce the guidance of electronic tickets in intelligent audiences / Application in the query system to achieve real-time tracking and query management of the audience.
1. The necessity of using electronic ticket management system
The traditional audience guidance/inquiry system is to install electronic display screens, speakers, touch screen computers and other front-end equipment in stadiums with corresponding data management software to realize the guidance and inquiry management of audiences. However, one of the biggest weaknesses of these guidance and query management systems is that the information they guide and query is static, and the flow of people in a certain area within a certain period of time cannot be tracked and analyzed in real time, which is suspected of having a criminal tendency. People’s activities in various areas of the stadium cannot be tracked continuously and accurately. We all know that the Olympic Games is currently the largest comprehensive sports event in the world. It integrates sports competitions, leisure, exchanges, games, shopping and other commercial activities. Therefore, the Olympic venues that host this event will surely receive a huge audience. , Athletes, managers, service personnel, etc., and the identities of these people are extremely complex and in constant movement. How can we verify that the tickets and certificates held by these people are valid? How can we track and inquire whether such a large number of people have entered the designated area in time, and how to warn and guide them quickly when they enter the forbidden area by mistake or illegally If you leave, how can you check the degree of crowding in a certain area in real time, how can you track and check the activity area of suspicious people and their specific activities in real time? If you only rely on traditional guidance and query management systems, this goal cannot be fully achieved. In other words, there are at least some security risks. Therefore, it is necessary for us to introduce the new management concept of electronic ticket management system.
2. Electronic tickets and their differences from traditional tickets
E-ticket is a new type of ticket that embeds smart chips in media such as paper tickets for quick ticket checking/checking and can realize real-time accurate positioning, tracking and query management of ticket holders. Its core is the use of RFID radio frequency identification technology, a chip with a certain storage capacity, and this chip and a special antenna are connected together to form the often said electronic tag. Encapsulating the electronic label in a specific ticket card constitutes an advanced electronic ticket. Traditional tickets are divided into ordinary paper tickets, barcode paper tickets, magnetic cards or IC card tickets, etc. according to the media they use.
Compared with tickets of several other media, e-tickets have the following advantages:
• Three-dimensional reading and writing, the reading and writing distance can reach more than 120cm; when reading and writing, it is not affected by environmental factors such as light, temperature, humidity and sound.
• The storage capacity is large, and various information of the ticket holder can be stored according to the needs, including the amount of consumption.
• It has a data lock function and a unique ID number, which is safer and cannot be forged to prevent fake ticket holders from entering the stadium; it can identify the number of times the ticket is used to prevent the ticket from being stolen and used again, so as to achieve “count of anti-counterfeiting” .
• The verification is convenient and fast, making it easy for people to pass through the ticket gate. Since multiple e-tickets are allowed to be read at the same time, this is very important for very crowded public places.
• Convenience: Even the e-tickets in the handbag or wallet can be read. Managers can use the handheld to verify the disputed tickets anytime and anywhere; it can easily realize the second ticket checking; it is convenient to realize the system management.
• Long service life: no mechanical wear, no mechanical failure, can be used in harsh environments
• Anti-collision technology: Compared with bar codes, there is no need to align and scan in a straight line, and the reading and writing speed is fast. It can recognize multiple targets and recognize in motion. It can recognize up to 30 objects per second.
3. The technical principle and composition of the electronic ticket system
The electronic ticket system is mainly composed of electronic tickets, readers (Read/Write Device), on-site controllers, centralized controllers and data exchange/management center (with software). Its main working principle: the radio frequency pulse emitted by the reader provides working energy for the electronic ticket, and the data stored in the EEPROM is demodulated by the energy electronic ticket and sent to the control logic part. The control logic part accepts instructions to complete storage, data transmission or other operations. The reader reads the data in the electronic ticket and transmits it to the on-site controller through the transmission channel (cable, optical cable, etc.). The on-site controller is responsible for decrypting, identifying, and judging the validity and safety of the data in the electronic ticket and electronically The ticket information is passed to the data management center. Through automatic data collection, analysis, and judgment, the data management center can immediately know the specific location of the ticket card, so as to locate and track the ticket holder.
Fourth, how to realize dynamic tracking and query of personnel through electronic tickets
As a data carrier, electronic tickets can play the role of identification, personnel tracking, and information collection. The RFID system composed of electronic tickets, readers, on-site controllers and application software is directly connected to the corresponding management information system. Every person (including spectators, suspects, athletes, staff, etc.) can be accurately tracked.
The specific method is:
1. Tracking, positioning and querying of general audiences. Through the authorization of electronic tickets, the admission range of the spectators in each area of the stadium is limited. When the spectators enter a certain area, the readers installed nearby will immediately read the ticket card information they carry through wireless communication. The information is transmitted to the management center through the transmission channel, and the staff in the main control room can define the area where the audience is located through the electronic map on the management software. If the audience enters the restricted area or location, the monitoring personnel can notify the nearby security personnel or staff to stop it by phone or walkie-talkie, or carry out continuous tracking. If a viewer appears in a prohibited area or location for many times, the monitoring personnel can start the CCTV monitoring linkage on the management software, and the image captured by the monitoring equipment in the area where the audience is located will immediately enter the field of vision of the monitoring personnel. Determine whether the audience is suspected of crimes by observing its activities. When necessary, take decisive measures to stop criminal behavior from continuing or quickly eliminate danger. This is very important for the prevention of terrorism in stadiums. When the electronic ticket system is used in conjunction with warning equipment and display equipment (such as alarms, electronic display screens, etc.), once the audience reaches the forbidden area or location, the alarm will automatically sound to remind the audience to leave, or through the electronic display screen Ways to inform the audience that they have entered a restricted area or location.
2. Carry out security control for key areas. By summarizing and analyzing the ticket and card information obtained in a local key area, we can analyze the situation, time, frequency and inter-relationship of the people entering the area, so as to judge the safety status of the area, and if there is any potential unsafe In the event of factors, monitoring can be increased or preventive measures can be adjusted in time.
3. Tracking and restricting suspects with criminal inclination or criminal convictions (such as football hooligans) For important or prone to unsafe events, you can record the audience’s true identity and other data in advance, and focus on verification during ticket checking. So as to prevent suspects with criminal inclination or previous convictions from entering the stadium. Or after they enter the stadium, they will be tracked all the way to prevent possible criminal activities in time.
4. Summarize data on the flow of people and activities in a certain area or passage, and analyze the degree of congestion in the area, the type of people, the flow rate of people, the flow time and regularity, etc., so as to determine whether there is excessive concentration of people in the area. Confusion and other unsafe hazards caused by the narrow space of the area, etc., make the contingency decision of sending additional staff or using other channels to evacuate the flow of people. If used in conjunction with warning equipment and display equipment (such as electronic display screens, speakers, etc.), once the congestion level in a certain area reaches the safety cordon, the audience can be notified to leave the area or change by means of electronic display prompts or emergency broadcasts. Use other channels to pass.
5. Prevent criminals from destroying the alarm and monitoring facilities in the stadium or using other technological means to interfere with, avoid the alarm, and the control of the monitoring equipment, so as to achieve the purpose of criminal or terrorist activities. All the readers of the electronic ticket system are installed in the walls of the building facilities, so that the actions of the criminals are completely invisible to track.
6. Crime investigation and location: After theft, fighting, explosion, shooting and other illegal crimes occur in a certain area of the stadium, all the data in the data center can be called up, and the video image data captured by CCTV can be used for analysis and verification, which can be quickly Identify the criminals and perpetrators.
7. Tracking and querying the activities of security personnel and using the equipment of the patrol management system can monitor the security personnel’s patrols in various areas of the stadium in real time through ticket authorization, data reading, and consulting.
8. Positioning management for athletes, coaches and staff. Due to the traceability of electronic tickets, the system can achieve precise positioning management for athletes, coaches, and staff. In order to contact relevant personnel in time to improve the level of event scheduling.
9. When the parking space guidance of the parking lot in the stadium is used with the parking management equipment, the data management center summarizes and counts the usage of vehicle parking spaces in each area of the parking lot in real time, and transmits this information to the on-site electronic display screen in real time to notify In order to realize the automatic guidance management function of the parking space, the parking space in which area should be parked by the vehicle to be parked.
5. Other functions of the electronic ticket system
1. Stadium ticket function. Compared with general paper tickets, barcode paper tickets, IC cards and other types of tickets, the security is higher, the anti-counterfeiting is stronger, the verification is convenient and reliable, and the cost is low. At the same time, advertisements can be printed on it to achieve the purpose of commercial development.
2. The entrance and exit management (access control management) function in the stadium. When used with access control system equipment, through the authorization, data reading, and comparison of the ticket card held by the personnel, the entry and exit of the personnel in the relevant area and the equipment, data, materials, etc. in the area can be strictly controlled.
3. Consumption management function in stadiums. When used in conjunction with the consumption system equipment, consumption management is completed by means of amount writing, data reading, comparison, and amount deduction.
4. Equipment and equipment rental management function in stadiums. When used in conjunction with the equipment timing management system, the rental equipment reservations and usage charges are managed through methods such as amount writing, data reading, comparison, and amount deduction.
5. Valuables deposit management. It can be used for the management of anti-theft, wrong taking and settlement when valuables are stored.
Six, concluding remarks
Any system has its limitations. From the above discussion, it is not difficult to find that when the electronic ticket system is used in conjunction with the alarm system, CCTV monitoring system, emergency broadcast system, patrol management system, parking lot management system, etc., it can maximize its audience guidance and inquiries when interacting with each other. Management function. For a large-scale building with comprehensive functions like the Olympic venues, to ensure safety and safety and efficient and orderly guidance of personnel, the trinity of civil air defense, physical defense, and technical defense must be achieved.
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