Wireless sensor network technology successfully applied to precision agriculture
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Since the implementation of the National Science and Technology Support Program Project “Precise Management System for the Production of Advantageous Crops in Northwest China”, special technical research and systems have been carried out on major agricultural products such as apples, kiwis, salvia, melons, tomatoes and other major agricultural products in the western region, as well as the characteristics of the ecological environment of drought and low rainfall in the western region. Integration and typical application demonstration, successfully applied wireless sensor network technology to precision agriculture production. This advanced sensor network technology for real-time collection of crop growth environment is applied to agricultural production and provides new technical support for the development of modern agriculture.
In the implementation of the project, Northwestern Polytechnical University, one of the undertaking units, used its years of technical accumulation in sensor networks to develop sensor network nodes that can collect air temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, and soil temperature and humidity in real time. The system consists of sensing nodes, aggregation nodes, communication servers, WEB-based monitoring centers, agricultural expert systems, and interactive farmer production guidance platforms. The system has been applied to greenhouse crops such as tomatoes and melons in Ansai, Yangling and Yanliang solar greenhouses, Luochuan apples, Zhouzhi kiwis, and Shangluo salvia. Numerous sensing nodes collect crop growth environment information in real time, and send the information to the aggregation node in the form of a self-organizing network, which is uploaded to the real-time database on the Internet via GPRS. The agricultural expert system analyzes and processes relevant data, generates production guidance suggestions, and informs farmers in the form of short messages. The system can also remotely control the drip irrigation, ventilation and other equipment of the greenhouse, and implement automatic management operations such as temperature and moisture in accordance with the recommendations of the expert system.
Facing the precise production needs of superior agricultural products in the west and the environmental characteristics of main agricultural facilities in Northwest China, Northwest A&F University has studied the growth and development simulation models and precise quantitative management indicators of the superior crops in the west represented by apples, kiwis, melons, tomatoes, and salvia. And establish the growth and development, yield and quality database of each of the above crops.
In addition, for the precise management of high-quality fruit industry and Chinese herbal medicine, a simulation model for the production of climate data, a development process simulation model with temperature and light as the main driving factors, a dynamic development model for the main stem leaf age of Salvia miltiorrhiza were established, and photosynthetic production and dry matter of Salvia miltiorrhiza were established. Accumulation model.
Through technical assembly and supporting facilities, 6 sets of precise management technical specifications for main crops have been developed, and 6 demonstration bases including vegetables, apples, kiwifruit and salvia have been established. Through precise seedling cultivation and water and fertilizer management, the production benefit has been increased by 11%. Compared with the conventional orchard, the output of the apple precision demonstration garden has increased by 12%, the high-quality fruit rate has increased by 8%, the investment has been reduced by 17%, and the total benefit per mu is increased by RMB 1,215; The output of the demonstration garden will be increased by 15%, the high-quality fruit rate will be increased by 10%, the investment will be reduced by 16%, and the total efficiency will be increased by 1,500 yuan per mu. Related technologies have radiated more than 20,000 acres, and cumulative benefits have been increased by more than 70 million yuan.
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