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The travel characteristics of my country’s railway passengers are diverse, including: long distance, short distance, transit, direct, intercity passenger transport, single, periodic round-trip and so on. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the requirements of future passenger transportation development by using a unified ticket system and the same tariff strategy.
Combining the advantages of RFID technology and the business characteristics of railway ticket systems, and learning from the experience of RFID ticket applications at home and abroad, we have identified three potential application modes of RFID technology for China’s railway ticket systems, namely RFID one-time ticket and RFID long-term Tickets and RFID stored-value cards.
1 RFID one-time ticket
The current bar code paper ticket business flow chart is shown in Figure 1. The ticket checking operation mainly relies on manual methods, and the efficiency is low. During the peak period of passengers entering and leaving the station, it is difficult to distinguish the authenticity of the ticket, and no good solution can be found to eliminate the phenomenon of fake tickets.
Figure 1 Business flow chart of disposable barcode paper ticket
After the introduction of the RFID ticket system, the business flow chart is shown in Figure 2. Due to the introduction of RFID technology, the ticketing system can realize automatic ticket checking and automatic on-board ticket checking, which increases the link of reading and writing Ic card information in the ticket making process.
Figure 2 One-time RFID ticket business flow chart
Comparing Figure 1 and Figure 2, we can find that at the stage of ticket checking, which is related to station work efficiency and passenger comfort, the introduction of the RFID ticket system will simplify inbound ticketing, outbound ticketing, and train ticketing, thereby increasing passengers The speed of customs clearance, and the increased speed of ticketing, reading and writing cards is very fast, and the impact on efficiency can be ignored. Moreover, the introduction of RFID technology will greatly reduce the success rate of false tickets and provide convenience for ticket refunds and visa applications.
The one-time ticket is characterized by a large amount of use. There is less memory information, and passengers may have reimbursement needs. Therefore, a paper-made logical encryption label with a small capacity, a lower number of repeated readings and writings, and a low price should be used. It can be used as a passenger reimbursement certificate.
2 RFID long-term ticket business
Long-term ticket is a type of ticket that is purchased once, used multiple times, and directly checked on the train. In the case of unmatched seats, the business process diagram is shown in Figure 3. There are few business links in the process. High efficiency, saving passengers a lot of time. This application is very suitable for frequent travellers between cities.
Figure 3 RFID long-term ticket free seat business flow chart
At present, the current situation of railway passenger transportation is that passengers can take seats with their tickets. The long-term ticket system with seat management requires passengers to check the number of trains or reserve seats via telephone, text messages or the Internet. Seat information can be stored in the passenger’s long-term ticket. When the passenger swipes his card to board the train, the ticket inspector will inform and print his seat number, or the passenger will print the seat number receipt on the automatic ticket machine at the station. Its business flow chart is shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4 RFID long-term ticket management business flow chart
Long-term tickets can save passengers’ time for multiple ticket purchases, can be recycled, and effectively save paper, thereby reducing pollution caused by expired tickets, and the cost of system construction is lower. It is characterized by long-term effectiveness and supports repeated reading and writing. Therefore, a logical encryption type ticket with a relatively large capacity, a high number of repeated reading and writing, and simple card packaging should be selected.
3 RF l D stored-value card business
Stored-value card is a kind of discount card provided for passengers. The business process diagram is shown in Figure 5. Passengers purchase stored-value cards at the ticket office or automatic ticket vending machines, and recharge them in advance, and the card will be deducted at the time of ticket purchase. There are two preferential measures for stored-value cards: discount and integral. For discount cards, passengers buy the card at a certain discount rate, and passengers with the card can enjoy the corresponding fare discount by swiping the card when buying tickets. For the point card, after the passenger purchases the card, the amount of each ticket purchase can be recorded in the card and accumulated, and when the points reach a certain limit, tickets or other gifts can be given away. The implementation of the discount card system is simple, but the card fee that needs to be prepaid by the passenger is relatively high; the realization algorithm of the loyalty card is relatively complicated, and there is no need for the passenger to pay too much prepaid, and it has a wide range of applications.
Figure 5 Business flow chart of RFID stored-value card application
The railway RFID stored-value card application system is a relatively independent system with simple functions and little connection with existing systems. Reduce the impact on the existing system and system cost. However, the convenient e-wallet function, rechargeable recharge function and fare discount measures are enough to attract the favor of frequent railway passengers. And reduced the number of cash transactions. It creates the possibility for the implementation of personalized services to passengers.
Passengers using the stored-value card system can purchase tickets normally at stations, agents or automatic ticket vending machines, or book tickets via telephone and online. The ticket price is directly deducted from the stored-value card, and the passenger’s stored-value card can also be combined with the passenger. The online banking settlement system is bound to pay for tickets through online banking or recharge the stored-value card, which makes the form of ticket purchase diversified and relieves the pressure on the ticket window. The security of the stored-value card system is high. The ticket information is not stored in the stored-value card. There is only card number information in the card, corresponding information such as ID number, pre-deposit, password, number of changes and the face information of the ticket purchased , Stored in the database records corresponding to the ticket system, as long as the security of the system is improved, the ticket information will not be maliciously modified.
The characteristics of stored-value cards are that passengers hold them for a long time, and they are used frequently and frequently. Its stability and reliability are very important, so it is advisable to choose a CPU card with a large memory capacity, a high number of repeated reads and writes, and a good package.
This article explains the application of RFID technology in China’s railway passenger ticket system. With the further development of RFID technology, the popularization of RFtD application systems and the leap in railway passenger transport capacity in recent years, RFID technology will show its talents in the field of railway passenger transport.
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