Interpretation of application cases of precision agriculture in developed countries
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With the advent of the era of big data, agricultural Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, cloud computing and other information technologies have gradually penetrated into the application of modern agriculture, and my country’s agricultural development has gradually developed from traditional models to digital and precise modern agriculture.
Precision agriculture refers to making full use of modern high-tech in the production process of crops to carry out intensive cultivation, replacing traditional agricultural production forms with modern agricultural production forms, and paying more attention to the management of agricultural production. Precision agriculture uses geographic information systems, global positioning systems, and remote sensing technologies to accurately locate various activities in the agricultural production process through the establishment of ecological, geological, and agricultural models, and perform fine management to achieve intensification of agricultural production. And informatization.
At present, the development of precision agriculture in my country is still in its infancy. The technology in developed countries such as Europe and the United States is relatively advanced. Taking the United Kingdom and the United States as examples, we will introduce the application of precision agriculture in the two countries.
United Kingdom: Big data integrates precision agriculture
In response to climate change and increased competition in global agricultural production, the British agricultural sector has combined digital technology, sensor technology and spatial geography in recent years to use a powerful data collection and analysis and processing platform to more accurately plant and breed in agricultural production. Operation.
In 2013, the British government launched the “Agricultural Technology Strategy”, which attaches great importance to the use of “big data” and information technology to improve agricultural production efficiency. British experts believe that agriculture may be the last industry facing informatization and digitization. Big data will be the key to increasing crop production and animal husbandry production in the future.
The core of the “Agricultural Technology Strategy” is to establish a series of agricultural innovation centers based on the “Agricultural Information Technology and Sustainable Development Index Center”. In order to promote the full integration of agricultural production and marketization with “big data” and information technology, the center includes the UK’s top domestic information technology and agricultural technology research institutions and enterprises, including the Lausanne Institute, the University of Reading, and the Scottish Agricultural Institute , British National Agricultural Plant Society, etc. As the location of the center, the Lausanne Institute will provide modeling and statistical services for British agricultural information technology; the University of Reading will provide data science services; the National Agricultural Botany Society and the Scottish Agricultural College will provide agricultural technology information exchange.
In order to facilitate all participants in the agricultural technology strategy to achieve greater data sharing and results utilization, the British government has established an open data policy for the center. The core business of the center is to build and improve a data science and modeling platform to collect and process all public and primary industry data in the agricultural industry chain.
United States: highly developed information technology
The United States is the first country in the world to enter the information society. The popularization and application of its computer and Internet technology and the extensive information highway have created the necessary conditions for the informatization of agriculture in the United States. At present, information technology has penetrated into all aspects of American agricultural production, directly contributing to the rise of “precision agriculture” in the United States, greatly reducing the production cost of American agriculture, and greatly improving the production efficiency of American agriculture and the international competitiveness of agricultural products. .
Imagine that there are more than 2 million farmers in the United States. How do they use these information systems to achieve precise agricultural production?
First, through the network information system, American farmers can obtain market information in a timely, complete, and continuous manner, and use this to accurately adjust their agricultural production and agricultural product sales strategies to make them targeted and effectively reduce the risk of blind operation. .
For example, after learning about new and new data on the spot and futures prices of agricultural products, demand in domestic and foreign markets, domestic and international production and import and export, farmers can decide what to produce, how much to produce, and how to sell to avoid the future. The unsalable agricultural products; or after learning about the improvement of crop varieties, weather conditions and other information, the farmer can also know what kind of seeds to purchase, what kind of planting methods to adopt, and when to plant what kind of crops to obtain higher yields. Greater benefits; at the same time, he can also conduct agricultural technical consultations on the Internet or purchase appropriate agricultural equipment and appropriate pesticides based on updated agricultural technology, new agricultural machinery, animal and plant pest control and other information.
The second is to use 3S technology, namely agricultural remote sensing technology (RS), geographic information system (GIS) and global satellite positioning system (GPS) to achieve precise planting of crops.
In addition, there is the precise management of livestock breeding through radio frequency identification system (RFID). In the field of agriculture in the United States, RFID systems are usually used to identify and track domestic animals, especially cattle. The principle is to implant electronic tags on the cow’s ears, which are marked with detailed electronic information about the cow, such as the cow’s electronics. Code, place of origin, age, breed information, quarantine and immunization information, disease information, genealogy and reproduction information, etc.
Concluding remarks
The implementation of precision agriculture can increase the actual productivity of agriculture to a greater extent, and improve the problems of insufficient resources and low utilization rate. It is an effective way to achieve high-quality, high-yield, low-consumption and environmentally-friendly sustainable agriculture. As a new thing, precision agriculture still needs a process to develop in our country. At present, there is still a big gap between the domestic technology research and development level and the level of agricultural machinery equipment manufacturing level and the advanced level of foreign countries. Precision agriculture, as the future development direction of China’s agriculture, will certainly attract more and more attention. We also hope that precision agriculture in developed countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States Application can have a certain reference effect for us.
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