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FleetNet is a cooperative project of European automobile companies, electronics companies and universities. The partners include NEC, DaimlerChrysler, Siemens and Mannheim University. The project uses wireless multi-hop self-organizing network technology to achieve wireless in-vehicle communication, which can effectively improve the safety and comfort of drivers and passengers.
FleetNet’s design goals include the realization of short-distance multi-hop information dissemination and the provision of location-related information services for drivers and passengers. In this project, location information plays an important role. On the one hand, it is a basic requirement for some applications of FleetNet. On the other hand, it can also make the communication protocol operate more effectively. NEC European Laboratory and Mannheim University designed a location-based routing and forwarding algorithm for in-vehicle networks, and then implemented a location-based vehicle-to-vehicle communication router based on this algorithm. The researchers established an experimental network consisting of six vehicles, each of which is equipped with a GPS receiver, an 802.11 wireless network card, and a vehicle-to-vehicle communication router. In addition, each vehicle is also equipped with a GPRS interface, so that real-time monitoring of each vehicle in the self-organizing network can be realized.
CarTalk is a European driver assistance system research project. The project uses vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology to establish a mobile ad hoc network for moving vehicles to help enhance the safety of the road system. For example, when a vehicle brakes or detects a dangerous road condition, it will send a warning message to the vehicle behind it. Even in the case of other vehicles blocking the front, the vehicles behind can be warned as early as possible. This system can also help vehicles enter and leave highways more safely.
California Path[24]It is a comprehensive research project on intelligent transportation systems of the University of California, Berkeley. The project was established in 1986 and is mainly managed by the School of Transportation Research at Berkeley. It also has close cooperation with the California Department of Transportation. California Path is committed to using cutting-edge technology to solve and optimize the problems of California’s road system. It mainly focuses on three aspects of research: (1) Transportation system operations research. Its research directions include traffic management, traveler information management, monitoring systems, Data processing algorithms, data fusion and analysis, etc.
(2) Research on traffic safety includes research on cooperative safety systems at intersections, modeling of driver behavior, and safety research on workers and pedestrians.
(3) New concept application research This research is dedicated to discovering and verifying new concepts and methods in the public transportation system, helping to reduce the congestion of the transportation system and improving the travel efficiency of public transportation.
MIT CarTel is a distributed mobile sensor network and remote communication system of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. CarTel’s application can collect, process, transmit, analyze and visualize sensor data from mobile phones or vehicles. In this project, a small embedded computer can read a series of different sensor data, process the data, and then send the processed data to an Internet server. The server further analyzes the data, and then provides a variety of different services to the end user. The framework of the entire system includes hardware and software for sensor data collection, a network for data transfer between vehicles, a database query system that can tolerate network interruption, a privacy protocol designed for location-based services, a traffic flow prediction model system, and road surfaces Condition monitoring system.
The US government and industry are also actively participating in the research and development of the in-vehicle Internet of Things. Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (Vehicle Infrastructure Integration) is committed to using wireless communication technology to make moving vehicles more closely related to the surrounding environment, thereby improving the safety of the transportation system. The main participants of the plan include the U.S. Department of Transportation, California Department of Transportation, and Daimler, Ford, General Motors and other automobile companies. Participants of the plan deployed dozens of roadside base stations on Highway 101 in California and Novi City, Michigan to test the communication capabilities of cars and roadside base stations. In the on-board safety system displayed by General Motors, the vehicle monitors the location, speed and direction of surrounding vehicles in real time through DSRC wireless technology. In the event of an emergency, the vehicle warns the driver through sound and light signals. Recently, the IntelliDrive project led by the US Department of Transportation is dedicated to establishing safe and flexible wireless communication between personal mobile devices (such as mobile phones and PDAs), vehicles, and roadside base stations to make road traffic systems safer, smarter and more environmentally friendly. . The U.S. Department of Transportation aims to test and evaluate existing wireless communication technologies by 2013 to help implement the decision-making and implementation of the future transportation system.
Concluding remarks
The in-vehicle Internet of Things is an emerging field with huge development potential. It can make people’s daily life more closely integrated with computer technology and Internet technology, enhance traffic safety, improve urban traffic efficiency, and provide various location-related information services. In recent years, the in-vehicle Internet of Things has received great attention from academia, industry, and government departments, and relevant industrial and technical standards have been put on the agenda. However, for different applications and different environments, there are still many problems that have not been properly resolved. People believe that in the field of in-vehicle Internet of Things, more and more in-depth research will be seen, and at the same time, in-vehicle Internet of Things technology will be able to quickly get out of the laboratory and put into practical application.
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