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Smart one-card technology has been widely used in various fields of human society, and it is no exception in the field of construction. However, there is not a complete consensus on the position and role of the one-card technology in the practice of building and community intelligent engineering. Through the engineering practice in recent years, the author deeply feels that the application of the one-card technology has a strong role in promoting the intelligentization of buildings. This article will introduce some superficial experiences, please discuss and correct my colleagues.
1. One-card technology expands the application scope of system integration
System integration is an important content and development sign of building and community intelligence. The all-in-one card system helps to solve some problems in system integration and realize the communication between several subsystems in buildings and communities. It can not only realize the information exchange, sharing and unified management among the various sub-systems in the one-card system, but also realize the physical connection and information communication between the one-card system and the central integrated management system of the building or community, so as to realize the various sub-systems in the building or community. Information exchange, unified management and linkage control between systems.
The one-card system is integrated with other subsystems in the building through the central integrated management system and integrated wiring system.
(1) Integration with the communication subsystem
The communication subsystems in buildings mainly include visual communication systems, wired communication systems and wireless communication systems, and smart cards have been widely used in these systems. Use smart cards to authorize and encrypt communication equipment, including mobile phones, video phones, and fax equipment, and use smart card technology to make high-security encryption controllers; through the communication system, the remote monitoring of each sub-system of the smart card can be realized. The interface between the central integrated management system and the communication subsystem can realize the following functions through the smart card: realize the unified authorization of communication services (such as upgrading and upgrading of telephone); automatic timing, billing, billing and information inquiry of communication services; Integrated control, such as the activation and termination of wireless paging or trunking communication, the switching of various working modes of the video conference system, etc.
Phone cards and SIM cards are the most widely used smart cards in the communications field. The new smart pay phone is equipped with a smart card reader and PC port, which can not only hold card calls, but also connect to a laptop for e-mail and faxing. Some smart pay phones can also be equipped with small workstations, and hotel guests can use computers to access the network.
The integration of smart card system and wireless communication system will open up a new application field. The portability, mobility, and offline operation of smart cards and handheld readers, plus the wireless communication system get rid of the restrictions of the geographical environment and the confusion of complex wiring. Therefore, the combination of the two makes the original functions The scope of use has been greatly expanded. For example, various tolling waiters can hold smart card readers and follow the service anytime, anywhere, or order food, or sell goods, or charge for parking, etc. The data will be entered into the system database through the wireless communication system.
(2) Integration with TV subsystem
The TV subsystem includes satellite reception and shared antenna system, pay-on-demand TV system, hotel TV integrated service system, multi-functional TV news center broadcasting system, etc. The core problem of the integration of the central integrated management system and the subsystem is to solve the problem of two-way transmission and control of video information.
The interface between the central integrated management system and the TV subsystem can realize the following functions through the smart card: unified authorization of audio-visual services, automatic billing and entry of audio-visual services, TV inquiry information, checking bills in the guest room with the card, and informing the billing , Cardholders apply for video-on-demand (VOD) services, and cardholders realize in-room TV ordering, TV shopping, etc.
(3) Integration with building equipment control system
The building equipment control system has integrated comprehensive management capabilities. The functions that the central integrated management system can achieve through the interface between the smart card and the building equipment control system are: In many sites, the smart card can be used to input information to the building equipment control system or collect data from the monitoring equipment. status information. For example, elevator operation information, status information of each air conditioner, power user billing terminal information, parking lot payment and records of vehicles entering and leaving, metering information of water, electricity, gas, and wind in the building, etc. Use smart cards to control the entry and exit of vehicles, control elevators, air conditioners, emergency broadcasts, emergency lighting, etc.
(4) Integration with security system
The security system includes TV monitoring system, entrance and exit control system, electronic patrol system, anti-theft alarm system, automatic fire alarm and fire linkage control system, etc. Their integration with the smart card system is mainly reflected in the connection with the access control system and the detection of fire alarms and intrusions. Follow-up response to alarm information[2]; Entry and exit control management for cardholders; positioning patrols, positioning guards, positioning services; card-holding authorization operations. In addition, smart cards have also been applied to monitoring equipment such as smart labels, smart switches, smart tracking, and smart linkage.
(5) Integration with MIS, OA and property management systems
At present, the application of smart cards mainly focuses on the functions of identification and authentication. With the popularization and application of card readers for handheld devices and WINDOWS CE devices, PCs and notebook computers with built-in card readers, and software bridges and development tools for communicating between OS and COS, the application of accessing databases based on smart cards will be greatly promoted. In the future, the realization of personal computer network security management, personal login, Internet access, electronic signature, card-holding authorization to work, etc. through smart cards will play an important role in MIS, OA and property management systems.
In addition, smart cards have also been used in office equipment such as copiers, plotters, and printers. The application of smart cards can be used as the real-time front desk of MIS, OA and property management systems: card-holders settle water, electricity, and gas bills, card-holders settle rental fees for houses, venues, and equipment, and use cards for non-cash payments in recreation, catering, and shopping malls consumption, etc.
2. One-card technology enhances the general function of entire buildings and communities
At present, the one-card system applied in intelligent buildings and community projects has covered personnel identification, guest data management, employee attendance, electronic door lock management, entrance and exit access control management, water and electricity three meter data remote transmission and charge management, and parking lot charges. and vehicle entry and exit management, employee canteen management, employee salary and welfare management, personnel file and personnel scheduling management, electronic consumption management in shopping malls and restaurants and entertainment venues, library information card and health card management, telephone charge management and gas station charge management etc.
The picture is the control principle diagram of the one-card system of the intelligent building of a training center of a ministry.
The diagram schematically illustrates the control principle of the one-card system in the training center. The process and working mode of the system in the training center can be roughly described as follows: When team guests or individual guests receive and register at the front desk workstation of the management information system (MIS) of the training center, when After the guest’s personal information and accommodation information are registered and confirmed, the system assigns room numbers to the guests, and at the same time creates a guest card, which contains the room number, bed number, guest account number, scheduled check-out date, and advance payment amount. Wait. With the card, guests can open their own rooms; they can spend with the card in restaurants, dance halls, bars, and shops. There are two ways to consume with the card: at the online consumption point, after the guest card is confirmed as a legitimate card by the card reader, according to the guest account, the consumption code, consumption amount, and date of occurrence are directly credited to the guest account; After the guest card is confirmed by the handheld POS machine, the amount in the card will be displayed on the display screen of the POS, and then the consumption code and consumption amount will be entered. After reconfirmation, the balance in the card will be displayed on the screen. The VIP card can be read by the card reader of the elevator car, so as to control the elevator to stop at the designated VIP floor, while ordinary personnel cannot enter the VIP floor. Position card readers are set up in various important places of the training center, patrolmen or security staff on duty can report patrol information or safety information with cards, and VIPs can also use cards to announce their location, so that the training center or their entourage can Track guards or services. The employees of the training center can check attendance with the card, and have the card to dine in the staff canteen. The personnel department can manage the personnel through the employee card. When guests check out, they need to settle the consumption information and balance amount in the card at the same time. The training center one-card system has the following main features, which greatly enhance the overall function of the entire building.
(1) Adopt advanced multi-function smart card
The card used has multiple partitions, each partition has an independent password check, and has independent accounting functions. Each smart card sub-system can occupy an independent interface of the smart card. , safety, reliability, firmness, speed and other characteristics. The recent advent of multi-application/multi-vendor cards allows the same card to pass through devices with the same function or different functions provided by multiple suppliers. The multi-application/multi-vendor card has a real 16-bit microprocessor inside, which is 30 times faster than 80C51, and is fully compatible with the existing standard 80C51 instruction set. The firewall is a real multitasking device, multiple tasks can be executed simultaneously, and their respective code areas and data areas are physically completely isolated, providing a high level of security. The card supports high-level language programming such as JAVA.
(2) Adopt advanced network structure[3]
The one-card system is actually composed of two parts: the real-time control domain and the management information domain. The low-speed, real-time control domain adopts the traditional control network RS-485 or the advanced LonWorks control network as the communication connection between the distributed control equipment and data acquisition equipment; the workstations and the upper computer of each smart card sub-system live in the high-speed management information of the system Domain, which involves a large amount of data transmission, can meet the needs of various management, and construct an advanced data network environment.
(3) Adopt the correct software development strategy
The whole application program is divided into the foreground and the background. The foreground application runs on the workstations of each smart card sub-system and mainly completes the interactive operation with the user; the background application runs on the Windows NT server and is mainly responsible for data access, processing and processing. and security. The basic data processing method of the one-card system is as follows: the application program accepts the user’s input, each smart card application device reader reads the user’s card information, the application program executes the SQL statement, completes the database access on the server side, and converts and operates the data. Then return the execution result to the client to complete the corresponding management or control.
Each sub-system has the functions of classification statistics and accumulation.
In addition, all-in-one card technology will play a very important role in e-government, e-commerce and other activities, see references for details[5].
Conclusion: The status and role of the one-card technology in the practice of building and community intelligent engineering cannot be underestimated. The author believes that it should be regarded as another important technical pillar for building and community intelligence, and it should be regarded as a building and community. The operating platform and real-time application foreground of the weak current integrated management system. It is recommended that the competent authorities further strengthen standardized management, increase the development of one-card technology, and speed up the pace of product localization.
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