Principles, advantages, characteristics and applications of intelligent electronic license plate recognition system based on RFID technology
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When it comes to smart electronic license plates, many people are curious. At present, the most common location and recognition of license plates basically rely on image recognition. After the license plate number is detected, it is compared with the list in the database. However, image recognition is greatly affected by environmental factors, and the recognition of license plates is prone to errors, and the image is collected Blind areas often appear at times, and these uncontrollable factors limit the further development of image recognition.
In order to solve this series of problems, smart electronic license plates came into being. Smart electronic license plates are based on RFID technology. As an emerging non-contact automatic identification technology, RFID technology is combined with traditional video and image processing license plate recognition technology. In contrast, vehicle identification based on RFID technology has high accuracy, is not easily affected by the environment, has no blind spots, and can accurately and comprehensively obtain vehicle status information and road network traffic conditions. The future development trend will be that electronic license plate recognition gradually replaces traditional license plate recognition methods.
The core of the electronic license plate is the electronic label based on RFID technology, and RFID electronic label is divided into two kinds of active and passive, the advantages and disadvantages of the two kinds of labels are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Comparison of electronic tags
Taking into account the service life and usage scenarios of electronic license plates, passive electronic tags have the characteristics of long life, small size, easy installation, and low cost, and are more suitable for vehicle installation and use. In the choice of communication distance, the UHF UHF 860MHz～960MHz passive RFID electronic tag has the advantages of long communication distance and fast transmission rate. It is a very good choice for the identification of electronic license plates.
Since the prospect of electronic license plate recognition is so broad, it must have many advantages and characteristics that are incomparable compared with traditional image recognition technology. Where are the specific basic requirements and technical advantages reflected?
We simply list a few as follows:
Basic requirements for electronic license plates:
Can store data (vehicle model, color, owner information);
The identification tag can be read from a long distance, and the distance of the fixed reading device is more than 10 meters;
High reliability, the reading success rate is as high as 99.99% or more;
A large number of tags can be identified at the same time, with a maximum of more than 200 tags per second;
Accurately identify tags in high-speed motion, and the mobile identification speed can reach more than 100km/h.
Technical advantages of electronic license plates:
Data encryption, a unique algorithm is used in the tag communication process, which cannot be read by third-party equipment;
Easy to install, without any special installation tools or materials;
Unique human card and garage marshalling matching algorithm can accurately determine illegally used motor vehicles;
It can work reliably in any weather conditions around the clock.
It is precisely because electronic license plates have so many advantages and characteristics compared to traditional license plates, it can be foreseen that in the near future, motor vehicles will gradually use electronic license plates with electronic tags to replace current traditional license plates. In this way, from the front of the vehicle The construction and development prospects of the entire platform including license plate recognition, data transmission, vehicle management, data storage, and terminal query to the back end are very broad. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall platform structure.
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of platform architecture
Application scenarios of electronic license plates
Scenario 1: Smart parking system
Speaking of most of the current parking lot management, many “old drivers” may have encountered problems such as parking difficulties, high fees, and lack of parking spaces. In order to solve these parking problems, in recent years, national policies have clearly proposed to vigorously promote the application of high-tech applications such as smart parking systems and automatic license plate recognition. To put it simply, the “wisdom” of smart parking is reflected in: intelligently find a parking space + automatically pay parking fees.
So, how to realize smart parking at present? Let’s take the most common parking lot. The most important technologies are license plate recognition technology and electronic toll collection (ETC) technology. Before a vehicle with an electronic license plate enters the parking lot, the smart parking system can accurately identify the vehicle’s identity at a long distance through the electronic license plate recognition device, record the time of entry and exit of the vehicle for accurate charging, and enable the vehicle to pass quickly without having to stop for manual recording. When the vehicle exits the parking lot after parking, the smart parking system will communicate with the electronic license plate through the license plate recognition antenna, and automatically complete the entire charging process without requiring the driver to stop and other toll collectors to take any action.
Figure 3 Smart parking system
Through the application of the smart parking system, the passing efficiency can be improved and the occurrence of traffic “bottlenecks” at the toll gates can be prevented. At the same time, the RFID technology can realize unmanned toll collection, effectively curbing the evasion of parking fees, the negligence of the toll collectors, and the malpractices for personal gains. , At the same time, it reduces the management cost of toll stations and recovers the investment in infrastructure more quickly.
Scenario 2: Intelligent traffic management system
RFID technology can be used as an effective means of information collection in the traffic dispatch system and can be applied in the traffic dispatch management system. For example, applying RFID to the bus depot management system can realize automatic, accurate, long-distance, non-stop collection of information when buses equipped with electronic license plates enter and exit the station, so that the bus dispatch system can accurately grasp the real-time dynamics of buses entering and exiting the bus parking lot. information. Through the implementation of this system, the management level of buses can be effectively improved. The collected data can be researched and analyzed by computer, and the rules of vehicle usage can be grasped, the loopholes in vehicle management can be eliminated, the intelligent management of buses can be realized, and the image of the city can be improved.
Figure 4 Bus management system
In addition, the use of RFID as a technical means has high economic efficiency. Compared with technologies such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), it has the characteristics of easy installation, strong adaptability, low cost, and no need for vehicle modification. At the same time, special service vehicles such as garbage transportation vehicles and dangerous goods transportation vehicles can be specially dispatched and managed. Through the electronic license plate installed on the vehicle, the identification device is placed at the monitoring point of the specific road section to monitor whether the vehicle is driving according to the prescribed route, and the location of the accident vehicle can be located in time when there is an emergency such as a leak.
Through the introduction of the above two practical application scenarios, we have a more intuitive and clearer understanding of electronic license plates. Figure 5 is an example diagram of electronic license plates in specific industry applications.
Figure 5 Application of electronic license plates in the industry
In the future, with the advancement of technology, from smart wear to smart travel, future smart cities will become closer and closer to us, and people’s travel will become more convenient. Let us look forward to the wonderful things that technological innovation will bring us. The future.
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