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1. Project background
In recent years, power grid companies have put forward specific management requirements for the life cycle management of power grid assets. Many power grid companies have actively carried out the linkage correspondence between the PMS, PM and AM data of the stock assets, and at the same time incorporated the linkage result data into the “asset life cycle”. The “cycle management integrated platform” conducts indicator assessment, but there is still the problem of data quality degradation due to asset changes. If no further new management methods are adopted, the results of the previous asset linkage will not be effectively consolidated. Therefore, it is necessary to apply new technologies and new methods to asset life-cycle management to realize timely transmission and feedback of asset change information, and to closely link the various stages of asset life-cycle management with “on-site physical objects” , Forming a horizontal and vertical closed loop of asset management and physical management, laying a solid foundation for the overall optimization of assets.
2. Program objectives
Through the establishment of the equipment physical identification system, the integration of asset physical logistics, information flow, and value flow realizes the continuous linkage of accounts, cards, and objects, and realizes information sharing in all stages of asset management. Carrying out the tracking management of all stages of the power transmission and transformation equipment of the power grid will bring a test to the asset management model, and it will also bring an opportunity to improve the modern management level of the power transmission and transformation equipment. At present, the State Grid Corporation of China and China Southern Power Grid Corporation are actively carrying out the research and application of RFID technology in assets and intelligent warehouse management systems. However, there is no standard model for RFID technology in the life cycle tracking management application of power grid assets, and there is no systematic reference basis. Therefore, it is necessary to study the application mode of RFID technology in power grid asset management, which is useful for further promotion and application. Important positive meaning.
This solution can realize the precise management of the entire life cycle of the equipment. Through the daily operation and maintenance of the physical identification data, it can realize the dynamic tracking management of the equipment, eliminate the difficulties, blind spots and obstacles of asset management, and realize the precise positioning management of the asset equipment , Its application in the field of asset management will have a very good prospect, and it will bring high efficiency and economic benefits.
Three, program overview
This program is tailored for customers by Shanghai Fuen through analysis of the needs of the company. It integrates RFID technology, network technology, computer technology, database technology and wireless communication technology. Combining the actual needs of the company and Fuen’s rich experience and unique technology.
We propose the following RFID power grid asset life cycle management solution. This solution realizes the management of RFID equipment, realizes data exchange with PMS, SAP and other systems, and compares and analyzes the matching data of accounts, cards and objects, and generates various management reports; realizes the upload and download of business data with RFID handheld terminals , Realize the daily dynamic management of physical identification.
Four, system design
1. Selection of acquisition equipment
The application of RFID technology to power grid asset tracking management will use a large number of handheld collection terminals to collect information on the on-site physical identification. Due to the operation in the electromagnetic field environment, it is necessary to consider the anti-interference ability, read-write distance, stability, reliability and other factors of the terminal equipment .
(1) Anti-interference factors.
In the operating environment of substation equipment, power frequency electric field and power frequency magnetic field will be generated, and power frequency electromagnetic field interference belongs to low-frequency induction field interference. Since the signal inside the handheld terminal does not use the earth as a return path, the electromagnetic protection design of the reader should be considered in the selection and design of the handheld terminal.
(2) Read and write distance.
The physical identification of the power grid is generally installed on the grounded flat iron of the equipment base, and a certain height away from the ground, which is convenient for the operator to read and write data. Therefore, the long and short reading and writing distance of the handheld device reduces the walking distance of the asset inspector and reduces the work intensity. , It is of great significance to improve the efficiency of inspections.
(3) The battery life of the handheld device.
Substations above 220kV have a large area, more equipment, and a long time for label implementation and installation. Therefore, handheld device batteries must have a long battery life and automatically save data after power failure to ensure that staff work on site without worries .
2. Physical identification performance
RFID physical identification has the advantages of waterproof, anti-magnetic, high temperature resistance, long service life, long reading distance, data encryption, large amount of stored data, and modification of stored information that are not available in barcodes. It has been widely used in power grid asset tracking management superior. Therefore, the ISO18000-6C metal label is basically used for asset tracking management. Power grid equipment is always outdoors and in high-temperature environments, and it is necessary to fully consider factors such as UV protection, reading and writing distance, and multi-mark reading when marking design and material selection.
(1) Reading distance
In the ultra-high frequency electromagnetic environment of substations, the metal surface has a shielding effect on electromagnetic waves. When the antenna in the mark is close to the metal surface, the performance of the antenna will be significantly deteriorated. After the field application test, after the logo is attached to the grounded flat iron surface, the signal will be greatly depleted, and the read-write distance will be reduced by 50% to 70%. Therefore, the read-write distance should be considered in the design of the logo housing, packaging and logo posting materials. .
(2) Anti-ultraviolet
At present, ABS materials are generally used for UHF passive electronic identification packaging shells. The installed identifications have been revisited. Electronic identifications are prone to fade in the wind and sun in the substation for a long time. Therefore, consider adding anti-ultraviolet materials when packaging the identification shells.
(3) Anti-collision mechanism
There are a large number of substation equipment. In order to speed up asset inventory and inspections, the anti-collision algorithm must be considered in the design of physical signs to realize the function of batch, fast and accurate reading of multiple signs in each work area.
3. Formulation of logo and labeling specifications
The physical identification labeling specification is to clearly specify the installation location of the identification for each type of equipment, which is convenient for future installation, identification and reading. The formulation of power grid equipment labeling specifications should consider factors such as outdoor equipment, indoor equipment, the characteristics of each unit equipment, the read-write distance between the handheld device and the logo, and the angle. The general principle must be based on the actual application. Currently, the application of RFID technology in substations basically uses passive metal electronic identification, but it is not practical to install such identification directly on outdoor current transformers, voltage transformers, lightning arresters and other equipment bodies for application. After testing the use of domestic and foreign handheld reading and writing equipment in substations of various voltage levels, the identification information beyond 2m cannot be read. Therefore, the formulation of RFID labeling specifications should consider the existence of such factors.
4. Physical identification middleware and system integration
At present, the RFID middleware system of power grid companies is generally developed based on the SOA architecture, and in the middleware, the PAI interface provided by the RFID reading and writing equipment manufacturer is integrated into the middleware system in various ways, such as IP address and port settings. It is convenient for RFID equipment to read and write the identification data, and at the same time, the collected data is combined with the identification service for effective filtering, processing and data transmission, and finally stored in the middleware database. The middleware can also play a role in monitoring the RFID equipment and check the operation of the RFID equipment. In addition, the use of RFID middleware can easily realize data interface and data exchange with ERP and other systems.
At present, power grid companies generally apply asset life cycle management evaluation decision-making systems to carry out result index evaluation. The system mainly extracts data from the PMS system and the SAP system, but lacks the information of the physical data on the spot, and collects the physical identification through the RFID middleware system and on-site collection equipment, and feeds the physical information back to the asset life cycle management evaluation in time through the interface The decision-making system realizes a true vertical closed loop of account, card, and material conformity, and provides more accurate asset operating status data for asset life-cycle management.
5. Physical identification data storage and data security
At present, the ISO18000-6C standard electronic identification used in the management of physical assets of the power grid has the characteristics of mature standards, stable products, wide applications, unique ID numbers in the world, and simultaneous reading of multiple identifications. It can store data with a capacity of 1024b or 2048b, and the data read speed It is 40kb/s. The amount of information stored in the physical identification should take into account the issue of hand-held devices and background data exchange during on-site operation and maintenance work. The handheld devices of major suppliers are basically equipped with GPRS functions, but in view of the stability of communication transmission, it cannot be guaranteed. At that time, the background data of the middleware system can be obtained smoothly. Therefore, the data storage content of the device information in the logo should be considered.
6. Data transmission security
Grid companies use strict isolation measures for external mobile storage devices or mobile transmission methods to prevent data risks, resulting in the information collected by handheld devices cannot be uploaded to the middleware system in time, and similarly, the business documents of the middleware system cannot be easily uploaded to the handheld The terminal must be converted multiple times through a secure U disk to realize data exchange. Because the operation is too cumbersome, it will affect the enthusiasm of asset managers to develop RFID technology applications. Therefore, it is necessary to fundamentally solve the problem of equipment collection information data transmission and security.
7. Labeling granularity
With the in-depth development of the life cycle management of the power grid company’s assets, the power grid company has started the synchronization of the PMS system and the PM module equipment of the SAP system, which mainly includes the synchronization of the primary equipment and the secondary equipment. The synchronization work is only for the main device, and the auxiliary devices are temporarily out of sync. Because synchronization work requires high maintenance requirements for the equipment types and certain fields of the PMS system. For example, PMS system operators cannot synchronize to the PM module due to unskilled business or lack of responsibility, so it will affect the transfer of funds with the financial AM module And linkage work. Therefore, labeling is based on PMS system data. Although the granularity is the finest and the workload is large, the synchronization quality of PMS and PM can be checked during the labeling process, and the quality of linkage with AM can be checked. This mode It has a positive effect on improving the matching rate of accounts (PM), cards (AM), and objects (RFID physical identification).
Five, system operation process
1. Identify the business after the equipment enters the warehouse
After the equipment is purchased and put into storage, for the materials whose material code has established a linkage relationship with the equipment type and asset classification, the physical identification can be implemented in advance. In the middleware system, the manager generates a “physical identification paste business order” based on the synchronized SAPMM module inbound order information, writes the material code and equipment type and other information into the physical identification through the RFID reader, and uses the two-sided identification of the physical identification Paste the glue onto the corresponding materials. This stage realizes the following functions:
(1) After the equipment is successfully put into the warehouse, the new equipment will be marked as “Accepted” when the new equipment is put into the warehouse:
(2) For the storage of power grid equipment that has been dismantled through technical renovation, maintenance or alteration, the marking status is “Removal pending”.
2. On-site marking business for direct delivery of materials
Most of the power grid equipment is delivered directly to the construction site by the manufacturer, and the staff sends out a “physical identification paste task sheet” in the RFID middleware system to notify the on-site management personnel to download the task sheet through the RFID handheld terminal in time, and carry out the acceptance and identification of the on-site materials and equipment Paste work.
The following functions can be achieved at this stage:
(1) It is able to check and accept the direct-send on-site power grid equipment, and the system can prompt or deal with the following problems:
If there is an inconsistency between the on-site equipment and the list information in the “Task List for Pasting Physical Identification”, the system will give an alarm and the on-site personnel will promptly check with the warehouse manager.
(2) After the physical sign is installed, the sign status is automatically updated to “under construction”.
3. After completion and commissioning, the identification information is improved
After the infrastructure project is completed and put into operation, the equipment-related information and dispatch name are entered in the PMS system at the specified time. After the RFID middleware collects the information from the PMS system, the staff will issue a “equipment commissioning identification information maintenance form” to notify the staff in time Download the task list to the handheld, and complete or change the information in the pasted logo on the spot.
The following functions can be achieved at this stage:
(1) The identification information of field equipment can be improved, such as the name of equipment dispatching, and the system can prompt or deal with the following problems:
If there is an inconsistency between the on-site equipment and the list information in the “Task List for Pasting Physical Labels”, the system will give an alarm, requiring on-site personnel to check with PMS maintenance personnel in time.
(2) After the identification information is maintained, the identification status automatically changes to “Commissioning”.
4. Technical transformation and overhaul logo management business
Some equipment will be added to the substation due to technological transformation, and the label will also need to be pasted. After major repairs or routine maintenance, the identification information needs to be updated. The staff creates a “identity installation and information maintenance task list” in the RFID middleware system, and downloads the task list through the handheld RFID read-write terminal. For the equipment newly added in the technological transformation, the label needs to be pasted; for the dismantled equipment, the original electronic label must be removed and reinstalled on the body of the dismantled equipment to facilitate future reuse or scrap tracking processing; for the decommissioned equipment, the label shall be changed Device status information in the middle.
The following functions can be achieved at this stage:
(1) Label the newly installed equipment.
(2) For retired equipment, the handheld terminal changes the identification status to “retired”.
(3) For the removal of equipment, the handheld terminal changes the identification status to “Removal pending”.
(4) For equipment that has been overhauled, the handheld terminal will change the identification related equipment information.
(5) For the equipment after routine maintenance, enter the maintenance information in the handheld terminal and upload it to the RFID middleware system.
5. Services implemented by RFID handheld terminals
The RFID handheld terminal system realizes the business docking with the RFID middleware, and its main function is to download the tasks such as asset addition, asset retirement, asset inventory and other tasks uploaded by the RFID middleware to the handheld terminal, and upload the results after completing the collection work. The handheld device can also complete the daily inspection service of the device identification alone.
5.1 Identify daily operation and maintenance services
The grid equipment operation team regularly carries out identification routine information scanning tasks, and at the same time checks whether the identification information content matches the field equipment information.
The following functions can be achieved at this stage:
(1) It can automatically identify the equipment to be inspected, and automatically compare it with the equipment list in the RFID inspection task list. Only the equipment in the equipment status task list is allowed to be read. The system can display the attribute parameter information of the current device and Historical status information.
(2) After the device status scan is completed, the scanned device changes the power grid device status to “verified” through the reader. For the power grid equipment with problems, the device status is changed to “to be verified”.
5.2 Asset inventory and inventory business
In the past, the “paper-based inventory model” had drawbacks such as duplication of data entry, missing equipment and re-inspection, process out of control, high labor intensity, and mere formality of the inventory. The use of identification inventory can realize the management of the entire inventory process monitoring and avoid manual inventory. The resulting shortcomings shorten the time for asset inventory and improve the quality of inventory.
The inventory task is downloaded through the RFID middleware, and the inventory can be started after the handheld terminal downloads the inventory task list, and the problems found during the inventory process are recorded in the handheld terminal.
Six, main equipment deployment
1. UHF anti-metal electronic tag
UT503 UHF plastic shell tag is a UHF RFID tag suitable for attaching to metal surfaces and working normally. The product adopts ABS plastic shell ultrasonic welding package, has good waterproof characteristics, protection level reaches IP65, and the internal antenna is specially designed The anti-metal Inlay can be fixed on the metal surface to work.
The UT503 UHF plastic shell tag has excellent and stable recognition performance, the reading distance can reach 8 meters, and the price is low, and it is easy to attach to the surface of metal objects. It can be widely used in pallet management, shelf management, asset management, etc.
2. Fuen M10 UHF long-distance handheld terminal
FN M10 high industrial grade Android UHF handheld terminal is a high industrial grade Android handheld terminal designed for UHF RFID long-distance applications. It integrates 902~928Mhz ISO18000-6C (EPC GEN2) based on impinj’s R2000 chip. The RFID module has a reading distance of 5-10 meters, a multi-tag anti-collision capability of 200 pieces per second, and an average power consumption of only about 650mA. It is a rare UHF handheld with high performance, low power consumption and ultra-stable. At the same time, it is also a rugged, multi-functional industrial-grade mobile data collection terminal, which integrates data collection modules such as RFID identification, one-dimensional barcode/two-dimensional barcode scanning, 8 million cameras, GPS/Beidou positioning, etc. It is combined with WCDMA/EVDO, GPRS/CDMA, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 433MHz wireless data transmission and other wireless communication technologies, allowing you to conveniently collect various data anytime and anywhere, and interact with the background server in real time through wireless communication. Meet the needs of various mobile operations.
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