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1 Background and needs
In recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy, the population of large cities has been highly concentrated and has grown substantially, and the demand for transportation has expanded rapidly. This has led to increasing traffic pressures faced by many large and medium-sized cities in my country. Drawing on the experience of solving urban traffic problems at home and abroad, prioritizing the development of public transportation is the only way to solve urban traffic problems. Investigation and analysis show that the main cause of traffic jams and delays in cities is the unreasonable design of intersections or signal timing. Therefore, research to reduce the delay of public transport vehicles at signalized intersections is particularly important. Statistics show that if bus priority is not reflected in the signal control of road signal intersections, even if there is a dedicated bus entrance, the reduction of bus delays at the intersection is not obvious (statistics show that only about 8% is saved). Therefore, how to use the signal control system more effectively to provide priority right of way protection for the daily operation of public transportation vehicles is a functional requirement that needs to be solved urgently and a technical bottleneck that urgently needs to be broken through.
Active RFID electronic tag technology and dedicated short-range communication technology (DSRC), etc., provide reliable and feasible solutions in vehicle identification, vehicle-to-road communication, etc., through electronic tags and short-range dedicated communication technology, the traffic control machine and The system, bus stations and systems, bus vehicles, etc. are organically linked, and the Internet of Things technology is used to build a vehicle-road collaborative environment, which can realize a powerful and simple structure of public transportation priority.
2 System introduction
2.1 System function
The control system implements priority control of different levels and strategies for public transport vehicles and emergency vehicles.
The RFID geomagnetic detector is used to realize vehicle data detection at intersections and bus lanes. The RFID receiver is an integrated design that can read the vehicle detector and the vehicle electronic tag data at the same time.
It can realize intelligent management of bus entry and exit stations, which is convenient for bus dispatching.
The electronic stop sign arrival forecast function can be extended to the passenger mobile APP terminal, and the vehicle arrival information prompted by the mobile terminal before the trip can arrange the travel time reasonably and reduce unnecessary waiting time.
Expansion: For some special service vehicles such as ambulance, police, and firefighting, the first-level priority right of passage is established to ensure that these special vehicles can quickly reach the designated destinations to ensure the safety of people’s lives and property.
2.2 System structure
The system is mainly composed of RFID active vehicle-mounted electronic tags, RFID geomagnetic vehicle detectors, RFID integrated receivers, and data concentrators. It is implemented in conjunction with a traffic signal control system and a bus management system.
The main structure and plan are as follows (specific functions and structures are different, increase or decrease according to actual conditions):
(1) Each bus and emergency vehicle is equipped with a dedicated RFID active electronic tag, which is fixed on the inside of the vehicle cockpit. The tag carries vehicle, driver, route, and priority information, and can be read or written by an RFID receiver remotely.
(2) Set up a two-way antenna RFID wireless receiver 150 meters in front of the parking line. The receiving range of the receiver is 150 meters. The bus is recognized for the first time at 300 meters, and it will be confirmed again within 150 meters (confirm priority level) , The priority signal is activated within 20 meters of the receiver. The WAVE-R receiver can automatically recognize the driving direction of the vehicle, ensuring that only buses entering the intersection are given priority.
(3) The receiver transmits the acquired vehicle information and road flow information to the intersection data concentrator, and the data concentrator provides the vehicle information and flow information to the traffic signal control machine and control system, and the public transport system according to the vehicle Priority is given to traffic conditions and priority requests.
(4) Wireless receivers can be installed at the entrances and exits of bus depots to monitor vehicles entering and leaving the station. At the same time, the bus management system can write the required priority levels to the bus through the receiver. In order to facilitate the driver to find designated vehicles, receivers can be installed in each parking area in large-scale stations, so as to realize the positioning management of the vehicles parked in the venue. Combining the location information of the vehicles in transit, it is convenient for the scheduling and scheduling of vehicles and drivers.
(5) The RFID wireless receiver can simultaneously receive the vehicle electronic tag and the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector data, and integrate the intersection flow detection, bus lane flow detection, and vehicle identification and priority integration.
(6) On-board electronic tags can also be used for other applications of vehicle identification and management, such as station management, maintenance management, etc. The information obtained by the system of vehicles at intersections and stations can be used to release information such as vehicle location, travel time, etc. Compared with GPS, the processing is simpler, the performance is more stable, and the accuracy is guaranteed.
2.3 Advantages of the solution
(1) Integrated solution
The WAVE-R integrated receiver can realize the integrated data reception of geomagnetic vehicle detectors, vehicle tags, and workshop short-range communication equipment. Therefore, functions such as bus priority, vehicle detection at intersections, vehicle detection on bus lanes, roadside parking, and even station management can be organically integrated, with powerful functions and economic investment.
(2) Professional design
WAVE-R realizes the national standard communication protocol with the traffic control machine, and can realize the standardized access of electronic label data.
The refined design of WAVE-R can realize the accurate judgment of the driving direction of public transport vehicles (tags).
WAVE-R can realize wireless communication, and the traffic control machine data and bus information can be wirelessly interacted.
The SUPER bus priority module can implement hierarchical and distributed bus priority strategies.
(3) Scalable application
The equipment designed in this scheme can realize the following extended functions without repeated investment
Vehicle management related to bus identity. Special vehicle-mounted electronic tags can also be used for bus management, such as bus station management, bus cleaning and disinfection, dispatch management, etc.
Bus travel time and location forecast. The receiver obtains the information of the vehicle at the station and the intersection, as well as the signal control information of the intersection, and can realize the prediction of the journey time and location of the bus to the station. Compared with GPS data, the processing is simple, the performance is more stable, and the accuracy is more accurate.
Real-time dynamic traffic data acquisition. Through the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector data obtained by the all-in-one receiver, dynamic traffic data such as road flow, vehicle speed, saturation, and occupancy rate can be grasped in real time.Provide reliable guarantee for real-time traffic status release and traffic signal control, and provide data support for traffic informatization construction
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