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1. System background
With the rapid development of my country’s port logistics industry, the types and quantities of materials in ports are constantly increasing, and the frequency of movement has increased sharply. Port management operations have become very complex and diversified. Managers cannot know the status of materials in real time (whether they are moved, whether Theft, etc.) bring many omissions and obvious and hidden property losses to port operations and management of equipment and materials.
2. System Introduction
The RFID port asset management system uses advanced RFID radio frequency identification technology and PWAN technology to install RFID anti-drop electronic tags to identify asset equipment, install RFID receivers in the port jurisdiction to identify tagged equipment, and make management The staff knows the status and whereabouts of the equipment in real time, which plays a role in positioning and anti-theft. And deploy the asset software system and RFID software middle logic (OGIC WARE) on the computer side, and achieve lean asset management goals through the integration of RFID IoT software and hardware.
The commonly used frequency bands of RFID radio frequency technology are low frequency, high frequency, and microwave frequency bands. This system uses microwave frequency band technology and UHF technology to combine, and with the help of inability to fly aircraft, signal receiving base station, 4G network, wifi, inventory PDA, RFID door frame reading and writing Modules and other basic Internet of Things equipment to build a three-dimensional lean tracking management platform for port assets.
3. Selection of key technologies
Port equipment assets are mostly large-scale machinery products, and the scope of operation is very wide, and certain equipment (such as forklifts, cranes, and transport vehicles) will move and operate in a large area. The outdoor environment of the port is harsh, and RFID tags need to be able to withstand the influence of seasonal changes in temperature and wind and rain. The large size disparity, irregular distribution and movement of the devices cause tags to be easily blocked and severe signal weakening. In this case, the traditional RFID handheld PDA or any other type of RFID reader will bring great difficulties when collecting and counting outdoor machinery and equipment in the port.
Based on the above factors, Ruifengde believes that the use of traditional active 2.4G tags cannot fundamentally solve the asset reading collection and tracking management, and a customized RFID tag box should be used.
Comparison table of RFID tag box and 2.4G active tag
Supplementary note: Although the RFID tag box solution is initially planned for this solution, if it is found that the port environment is not as bad as the current phenomenon after on-site inspections, you can consider switching back to the active 2.4G solution as appropriate. The total label budget of this scheme saves nearly 88% of the cost of the RFID label box scheme. If calculated with 2,000 tags, the cost of active RFID tags is about 2,000 * 25 yuan = 50,000 yuan; the cost of the tag box is 2,000 * 200 yuan = 400,000 yuan.
4. Hardware Architecture
As shown in the figure below, the blue is the outdoor work area, the pink is the office area, and the white area on the lower left is a schematic diagram of the backstage construction of the system.
5. Hardware architecture description
5.1 Material identification method
Outdoor materials in the port: use active label boxes with batteries, which are fixed to the materials by screws or 3M glue, and the labels must not be blocked by metal objects. This tag supports GPS positioning and drop-off alarm function.
Low-value indoor non-metallic materials: The applicable objects are usually materials with low value and non-metallic surface materials such as desks, chairs, folders, and calculators. Using low-cost paper UHF label stickers, this label is made of hot-melt adhesive, which is durable and not easy to fall off when attached to the equipment.
Metal materials: applicable objects are usually computer hosts, computer room switches, servers, metal products, crafts, etc.
Frequency: 902～928MHz (compatible with national standard)
Chip manufacturer: Impinj M4QT
Reading distance on metal surface: fixed (EIRP=4W): more than 1 meter; clamshell handheld: more than 0.4 meters; ordinary handheld: more than 0.3 meters.
Dimensions: 22x 8 x 3 mm
5.2 Material information collection method
Port outdoor operation area:
Deploy 6 tag signal receiving base stations in this area to identify and locate and track the asset tags of 2000 operating equipment. The collected information includes: the ID number of the device, the real-time location coordinates of the device, and the alarm information of the device falling off.
Signal base station core module
In addition, it is equipped with a wireless piloting aircraft with a signal receiver installed on the aircraft to conduct regular inspections and material reviews of the operation area to further ensure the safety and flow tracking of operating equipment. At the same time, the use of wireless piloting aircraft can also achieve rapid inventory of outdoor materials.
pilot-less airplane
The information collected by the base station and the aircraft is transmitted to the signal conversion industrial computer of the office building through the 4G public network. After the preliminary processing, the data is imported into the back-end server of the system, and the data is cleaned and logically processed through the logic middleware OGIC WARE, and then synchronized to Asset software system.
Signal conversion industrial computer
Indoor office area: RFID doorway tracking equipment
Install RFID readers and antennas at the entrances of different floors, as well as supporting network cameras. Any asset entry and exit port with RFID tags can automatically identify the direction of entry and exit, and the entry and exit information will be automatically recorded on the record, and the photo will be kept at the bottom. All asset flow directions and photos are processed by the server background program of this system, and then synchronized to the asset software to realize asset flow report summary and supervision and tracking management.
The above picture is: RFID door anti-theft antenna, fixed reader, access control camera
Features of UHF RFID access control products:
Completely independent intellectual property design, good compatibility with the system software;
Based on Impinj R2000 read-write engine design;
Fully support electronic tags that comply with EPC C ASS1 G2, ISO18000-6B/6C standards;
Support ISO-18000-6B/6C protocol;
Working frequency 860~868MHz/902~928MHz (can be adjusted according to the requirements of different countries or regions);
At the same time, the following regional frequency requirements are supported: SRRC-MII (PRChina) 840-825/920-925MHz;
It works in FHSS or fixed frequency transmission mode, with output power up to 30dBm (adjustable);
4 external antenna ports, supporting automatic antenna fine-tuning and antenna detection;
Support response working mode and automatic real-time inquiry working mode;
Low power consumption design, single +12V power supply;
It supports multiple communication interfaces such as RS232, RJ45 (TCPIP), and can be equipped with communication interfaces such as RS485, USB, and WIFI.
The multi-label recognition intelligent algorithm is at least 10% better than the performance of imported equipment.
Highly reliable design, meeting the requirements of harsh working environment, no crash after 3 years of continuous work
The power is adjustable in the range of 0-33dBm
6B tag read and write performance:
Read 216 bytes (1728bit) at a time <300ms;
Write 216 bytes (1728bit) at a time <= 3.6S;
DRM support, advanced anti-collision and anti-jamming performance;
With FastTID function;
Label reading rate>500 labels per second;
Module safety protection: with automatic temperature detection function, automatic temperature protection and power consumption protection;
Size: 200mmx190mmx30mm.
The asset inventory tool in this area is an RFID handheld PDA. The PDA is equipped with windows CE operating system, wifi, QR code scanning module, UHF module, etc., and can run asset inventory programs to realize paperless mobile operation inventory; it can also synchronize data with the system server through wifi network to achieve real-time Asset scan query. Information such as the status of the asset and the user of the user department can be queried, and rich and flexible asset movement operations and paperless management can be realized.
RFID+scan code handheld terminal PDA
6. Software system development
6.1 Robustness and scalability of the back-end system
The port RFID asset management system involves the networked communication of many IoT devices with different communication standards, and the collected data types are diverse. The service background program of this system is required to be robust, fault-tolerant and expandable.
The backend of Ruifengde RFID asset management system can judge the correctness of the data input of peripheral hardware devices, and to a certain extent can infer the correct and reasonable input from the wrong input. And compatible with 4G wide area network, PWAN low power consumption wide area Internet of Things, wifi local area network, CAN bus, 485 bus, network port TCP/IP and other mainstream Internet of Things data access.
In addition, it has a good expansion interface for the asset management software required by current users. Through the OGIC WARE module, it can flexibly realize the integration of mainstream ERP systems, fixed asset management systems, equipment inspection systems, transportation management systems, logistics sorting systems, and warehouse management systems. , Compatibility of various system software such as terminal container dispatching system.
6.2 Customized report data presentation
In addition to the most basic asset information file addition, status change, inventory, circulation tracking, scrapping and other full life cycle management, this system also has customized asset report statistics and presentation methods. For example, according to the management goals and needs of users, provide port equipment inspection and maintenance registration forms, breakdown maintenance cost statistics, and equipment whereabouts registration forms.
6.3 Customized RFID handheld PDA program
The mature mobile terminal PDA program development ability can respond to various on-site operation needs of customers.
7. System budget (preferred plan)
slightly.
8. Alternatives for the port area
This alternative plan is formulated to reduce the cost of 2,000 tags in the port area. The plan uses common active tags + multi-base station coverage. Its material positioning principle is to arrange a base station in the area where material positioning is required in the port area. When the material passes the signal receiving range of the base station, it is recognized by the system as the material in the area. The schematic diagram is as follows:
Key technology discussion:
(1) When the material is in the signal range of a certain base station, the system can determine that the material is in that area;
(2) When the material is in the signal crossing range of two or three base stations, the system can determine that the material is in the corresponding crossing position;
(3) The system supports the setting of prohibited areas. When the material is in a preset area, an alarm can be triggered to indicate that the material flows abnormally. This type of regional setting can be used to prevent theft and loss of materials.
(4) The accuracy of positioning depends on the base station signal coverage radius. For example, if the base station signal is adjusted to 800 meters, the circular area that a base station can cover will reach 1,600 meters in diameter.
Solution advantages: low label cost, about 30 yuan for ordinary quality, and about 38 yuan for high-quality labels.
Disadvantages of the solution: Compared with the label box, this solution cannot achieve precise positioning. It can only locate the divided area of the port area and determine which area the materials are located in. In addition, if the project requires comprehensive coverage of signal positioning in the port area, more base stations need to be deployed and installed. Therefore, if it is for cost-saving considerations, when choosing this alternative, it is recommended to only cover key areas in the port area.
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