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According to the United States’ Missing and Exploited Children’s Assistance Center, from 1983 to 2002, 217 babies were abducted in the United States. Of this total, 100 babies were stolen from the hospital (57 from the mother’s ward). of. Facts have proved that the theft of newborns in the hospital has little to do with whether or not to use the same room as mother and baby. In recent years, baby stolen cases in some domestic hospitals can also be easily inquired from the public media. For example, in 2007, a baby from a pregnant woman Tang was stolen from the Fourth People’s Hospital in Hangzhou; a newborn baby was born in Liang, Nanning, in August 2008. He was stolen from the health center by a fake doctor, and the case has not been solved so far. Newborn babies are very important to their families. Once they are stolen or replaced in the hospital, it will bring disastrous consequences to all parties including the hospital, the victim and their family. The incident of “medical disturbance” followed, which had a negative impact on the society, affected the normal operation of the hospital, and made the already tense relationship between doctors and patients worse. How to effectively avoid this problem? Here, we design a baby smart anti-theft system based on radio frequency identification technology, which can prevent babies from being stolen in the hospital, effectively protect the safety of babies, and protect the rights and interests of all parties.
1 Introduction to the baby smart anti-theft system
The baby smart anti-theft system uses radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to wear smart electronic tags that are harmless to the human body and can emit RF radio frequency signals on the baby. The baby electronic tag regularly transmits the unique ID information to the baby anti-theft system. Based on this, the system monitors and tracks the baby’s location in real time, and prompts the baby’s attempt to steal the baby in time. The working principle of RFID is shown in Figure 1. After the tag (ie, radio frequency card) enters the magnetic field, it receives the radio frequency signal from the reader, and uses the energy obtained by the induced current to send out the product information stored in the chip (Passive Tag, passive tag). Or passive tag), or actively send a signal of a certain frequency (Active Tag, active tag or active tag); after the reader reads and decodes the information, it is sent to the central information system for relevant data processing.
Figure 1 RFID working principle diagram
2 System composition and architecture
The baby intelligent anti-theft system based on RFID radio frequency identification technology is composed of the following parts: baby anti-theft tag and wristband, card reader, exit monitor, computer control system, and its structure is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Structure diagram of the intelligent anti-theft system
When each baby with the anti-theft label enters and exits, a unique ID number will be emitted, and the control computer can display the information of entering and exiting the baby at any time. When the door is opened abnormally or violently, the door magnetic switch signal is input into the access control controller, and the access control controller outputs an alarm signal, which will alarm with sound and light signals.
2.1 Hardware design of anti-theft system
(1) Baby anti-theft labels and wristbands. The core of the system is the baby anti-theft tag design. It is a small radio frequency transmitter. From the moment the tag is put on, the electronic anti-theft tag will continuously and automatically emit signals so that the system can monitor at any time. Without authorization, any attempt to remove or damage the label will trigger an alarm. Considering the need for long-distance identification for treatment, bathing, etc., the system design uses active tags. Active tags are mainly composed of power supply, microcontroller and RF transmitter. The microcontroller is used to control the working mode and frequency band of the RF chip, and at the same time generate the internal code of the tag, and transmit it to the RF chip for transmission. The radio frequency part of the active tag is mainly composed of RF dedicated chips. The wristband used with the label can be adjusted to suit different babies, but it cannot be reused. Because newborn babies lose weight quickly due to the rapid loss of excess water in the body within a few days after birth, the wristband can also be adjusted according to the baby’s weight changes at any time. The baby anti-theft label can be reused, is waterproof, and can be cleaned without any allergic reactions.
(2) Card reader design. The card reader provides radio frequency energy to the anti-theft tag, reads data from the anti-theft tag, completes data information processing, and implements application operations and high-level interactive applications. Although various card readers have great differences and differences due to different frequency ranges, communication protocols, and data transmission methods, all card readers are very similar in the above-mentioned functions. Because it is remote control, the card reading distance cannot be too far or too close, so that the card will be recognized as soon as it enters the sensing range. The omnidirectional range of the card reader is required to be stable, with a clear boundary, and the card reading range is within 3 m; the card is not affected by the human body and cannot be shielded by the human body; There are dead feet. Considering the selection of a low-frequency system in all aspects, the Cryptag Census series of inductive radio frequency identification products can meet the needs, with a transmitting frequency of 153 kHz and a receiving frequency of 115 kHz. No radiation damage to the human body, no effect on special people and equipment such as heart patients, pregnant women, cardiac pacemakers, hearing aids, etc. The received data is transmitted to the server through the RS 485 bus and computer network, and then real-time monitoring and background data processing are performed.
(3) Export monitor. Exit monitors are installed near the exits of controlled areas (such as obstetrics and gynecology wards) and constantly emit radio frequency signals. Once the baby carrying the anti-theft tag enters the emission area of a certain exit monitor, the anti-theft tag that receives the exit monitor signal will immediately send an alarm message to the control computer through the receiver. The system continuously monitors the working status of the exit monitor, and can alarm in time when the equipment is faulty or damaged. The monitoring range of the monitor is adjustable from 2 to 3 m.
(4) Computer control system. The computer control system includes various servers and terminal computers in the communication gateway and anti-theft system. The communication gateway is installed in the weak current room on each floor of the obstetrics and gynecology ward. It is used to collect and process the data of the card readers and exit monitors on this floor, manage the work of the card readers and exit monitors on this floor, and use TCP /IP is connected to the server and the hospital’s local area network, including monitoring and alarm devices such as the access control system, the security room, and the computer center.
2.2 Software design of anti-theft system
The baby intelligent anti-theft management software system is mainly used to realize the maintenance and management of electronic tags, the management of access control systems and automatic alarm systems, as well as the reading, analysis, and statistics of baby anti-theft tags and wristband information. The system is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 Baby Intelligent Anti-theft Management System
The label maintenance module is mainly responsible for the issuance and recycling of baby anti-theft labels and wristbands, as well as system maintenance (replacement of batteries, fault registration, etc.).
The information management module is mainly responsible for the maintenance of maternal and child data (input and modify maternal and child data), baby tracking (recording the details of the baby’s movement, including time, location, reason, etc.), user management, working status (display of the working status of system components, various types of Label work status records) and report printing (can generate bracelet release records, inspection records, baby data, maternal discharge and other reports).
Access control module is mainly responsible for access control system management, access controller management, real-time monitoring, and authority management. Access control system management includes communication configuration, modification of operator password, database setting, database management, operation log, etc. The access control controller management is composed of controllers, door parameters, electrical parameters, external linkage groups, temporary time groups, and special time groups. Through real-time monitoring, information such as normal card reading events, abnormal card reading events, common events, and alarm events can be viewed in real time. And you can manually set the state of the door (sleep, normally open, security, password), so that the door remains in the state set by the guard, and manually control the designated point to make the point in the open or closed state. Authority management includes unit management, label management, access control authority group, setting system unit data information and system user data information, and defining door authority groups.
3 Main functions and tests of the system
Whether the anti-theft system design can actually be used, it must go through actual tests and various tests in the future use process. The main functions of the system and some tests are briefly introduced below.
(1) Comprehensive monitoring function. The system can prevent babies from miscarrying and stealing. If the electronic tag is removed maliciously or through the exit, it will immediately report to the police. At the same time, the system proactively periodically checks whether all system components are operating normally to prevent failures caused by various reasons.
(2) Active protection function. All anti-theft tags send information to the control host every 15 s to ensure that each tag works normally and provides the greatest degree of safety protection for all babies. In particular, when a tag’s power is too low, the system can take the initiative to alert and prompt to replace the battery, without having to check one by one on a regular basis.
(3) Anti-vandalism function. Each baby electronic tag will periodically send a signal to the system, so that the system can understand the working conditions of each tag in time, and provide the greatest degree of safety protection for all babies.
(4) Alarm service capability. The monitoring range of the exit monitor can be adjusted.
By cooperating with the access control system, once an alarm occurs, the door will be automatically closed (needed to cooperate with the electromagnetic door) to prevent mutual interference with other radio frequency equipment. In the actual test, an imaginary baby model was used to replace the actual baby, and the sensitivity of the system was tested by wrapping the baby’s body with “swaddles” made of different materials (cotton, chemical fiber, metal, etc.).
(5) Unique electronic code. Each electronic label has a unique code, which will not be repeated to cause confusion. To prevent “entrainment”, babies will not be mixed with babies who are normally discharged from the hospital.
The baby intelligent anti-theft system is an important application of the Internet of Things technology in hospital management. It is a product of the combination of RFID technology and the medical industry. The system will be used for maternal and child identification management and infant anti-theft management in the obstetrics and gynecology department of large general hospitals or maternal and child hospitals. Play a major role.
4 Conclusion
In recent years, incidents of newly-born and important children being stolen in hospitals have occurred frequently, which has become a focal issue of social concern. Compared with various current automatic identification technologies, RFID radio frequency identification technology has its own advantages. The RFID-based intelligent anti-theft system for hospitals is simple in design, low in cost, and safe to the human body. It can better complete the anti-theft of newborns in hospitals and prevent medical staff from holding the wrong newborn babies to protect the safety of babies, simplify the work of nurses, fully improve the level and grade of hospital management, and truly realize the service concept of “humanistic care” for mothers and babies.
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