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I. Overview
In recent years, with the rapid development of railway wireless communication technology, as an important infrastructure for ensuring the safe operation of high-speed railways, GSM-R communication towers have been deployed and applied more and more. However, due to some extreme natural phenomena (such as crustal movement, severe weather), man-made damage, and the aging and oxidation of the iron tower itself, the tilting of the iron tower has occurred from time to time, and in severe cases, the iron tower may even collapse. The tilt and collapse of the iron tower will not only cause the communication network to be interrupted, but also cause other railway accidents, which brings safety hazards to the normal operation and safe driving of the communication network.
2. System introduction
1. System composition
This system is divided into three layers according to the module design concept: field collection layer, data transmission layer, and application layer. The field collection layer monitors the safety information of the tower, including tower tilt, antenna tilt, tower vibration, tower micro-meteorology (wind speed, direction, icing, etc.); the data transmission layer mainly converts the monitoring data collected on site through GSM-R The communication optical cable is transmitted to the communication server; the application layer includes the communication server, database server, backup server, software interface, etc. As shown in Figure 1.
1.1 Field collection layer
The field collection layer collects tower communication safety monitoring data through a variety of sensors, including: tower tilt angle, communication antenna tilt angle, tower vibration frequency, wind speed and direction, icing and other information. Through preliminary analysis and preprocessing of the collected real-time data, the real-time status of the tower and antenna is obtained, and real-time monitoring of the operation status of the tower and antenna is realized.As shown below
1.2 Data transmission layer
The data transmission layer packs and compresses the tower operating status information collected by the field collection layer, and transmits the tower status information to the system communication server through the railway Ethernet private network through the switch conversion.
1.3 Application layer
The application layer includes communication server, database server, backup server, and monitoring main station software interface. Through the communication server, the tower status information collected at each site can be analyzed and stored in the database server in real time. The database server exchanges real-time data with the host computer software, backup server, and web server, and updates and saves data in real time. The backup server backs up the data in the database, and regularly records system operations to form a log. The host computer software converts the tower operating status information collected on site into human-computer interaction forms such as images, tables, curves, etc., to monitor the tower in real time.
2. System function
System functions include monitoring functions and usage functions.
2.1 Monitoring function
Monitoring functions include tower tilt, antenna tilt monitoring, tower vibration monitoring, and tower micro-meteorological monitoring.
2.2 Use function
The communication server of the monitoring center can transmit the data collected on the site of the iron tower to the database in real time;
The safety status parameters of the iron tower are displayed with alarms, the GUI icons are usually black and white, and the interface is serious; warnings or alarms correspond to yellow and red respectively, and support the sound and light synchronous alarm when the red alarm is activated;
Alarm detailed information is generated in the form of log report and supports printing;
The historical data of each tower is retained, and the data of a single tower can be extracted from the log server when necessary, and the curve (year, month, day, hour, and minute) can be drawn to facilitate subsequent analysis;
The historical data of each tower is retained, and the data of a single tower can be extracted from the log server when necessary, and the curve (year, month, day, hour, and minute) can be drawn to facilitate subsequent analysis;
3. System features
It can monitor the tilt safety of the tower and the tilt of the communication antenna;
Monitoring equipment 12VDC power supply, integrated multi-channel combination sensor;
Data cable communication and power supply are shared, and data transmission adopts RS-485 bus;
The safety monitoring equipment of the iron tower is installed on the top of the iron tower, and the installation is tight, which is convenient for construction operations;
In the private network, the real-time status data (tilt, vibration, etc.) instructions are transmitted back to the core network server;
The system capacity supports the scale and network capacity of 65536 tower monitoring points;
Each part of the system is designed as a modular structure, which is convenient for on-site replacement;
Outdoor equipment supports -40℃～+80℃ application, and can work normally in a wide temperature range;
Outdoor equipment dustproof, moisture-proof, corrosion-proof, waterproof and other functions meet the IP66 national standard;
The EMC design of the system complies with the technical standards of the Ministry of Railways.
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