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introduction
With the continuous in-depth research on the concept, connotation, technology, and application of the Internet of Things, many typical cases of Internet of Things applications have emerged in the fields and industries such as environment, power, logistics, and public safety. Among them, the field of public safety, as a key field of IoT applications, has different characteristics and special status from other IoT applications. It is necessary to treat IoT applications in the field of public safety (hereinafter referred to as secure IoT) as an independent concept. In-depth study.
1 The background and connotation of the secure Internet of Things
At present, China is in a period of rapid industrialization and urbanization. Various traditional and non-traditional, natural and social risks and contradictions coexist. Public security and emergency management are facing a more severe situation. There are mainly the following three aspects: 1) Natural disasters are in a period of frequent occurrence. In recent years, extreme weather events have occurred frequently, moderate and strong earthquakes have been active, natural disasters and their derivatives, and the suddenness and harm of secondary disasters 2) The situation of safety production is severe, and the foundation of safety production in my country is weak. Some localities and enterprises have not implemented responsibilities and supervision is not in place. The total number of production safety accidents remains high. Major accidents occur from time to time to prevent accidents. The task of implementing effective rescue and rescue is arduous and arduous; 3) Social security is facing new challenges, my country’s reform and development has entered a critical stage, various interest relationships are complicated, and the task of maintaining social stability is arduous.
In the face of frequent public safety incidents that cause a large number of casualties and property losses, it is urgent to build a public safety monitoring Internet of Things to perceive public safety hazards and solve problems such as how to interconnect and communicate between various departments after emergencies.
The Internet of Public Safety Monitoring is aimed at the characteristics of wide coverage in the field of public safety monitoring, many monitoring indicators, high continuity requirements, the environment is not suitable for manual monitoring, and the perceived information content is closely related to the lives of the people. The application of the Internet of Things technology Especially for sensor network technology, an information system project composed of perception layer, network layer, and application layer is constructed. The monitoring of public safety mainly includes monitoring to ensure the safety of various production scenarios, monitoring of the safety of producers, monitoring of the safety of specific items, monitoring of crowded places, monitoring of important equipment and facilities, and monitoring of scenes and personnel during emergency response. , Information collection of items, etc.
2 The position of the secure Internet of Things in the development of the Internet of Things
Public safety is the cornerstone of national security and social stability. In order to effectively resist the threats of various man-made or natural disasters, China has made strengthening public security measures a priority of the government’s work. The public safety monitoring Internet of Things provides a new way of thinking for solving the public safety problems faced by our country, which is in line with our country’s strategic requirements for promoting technological innovation and taking the development path of an innovative country.
The establishment of a comprehensive public safety monitoring Internet of Things will provide a practical and effective preventive mechanism for my country’s current security problems such as the collapse of bridges and tunnels and the leakage of dangerous objects. A strong and transparent solution. Therefore, the Internet of Public Safety Monitoring Internet of Things, as the Internet of Things application in the field of public safety most closely connected with daily life and the most concerned by the country and the people, should receive the attention and priority development of the entire society. “Benefit” policy, through the development of public safety monitoring of the Internet of Things to bring the advancement of the Internet of Animals in technology, application, industry, and standards, so that the entire society can feel the reliable prevention and emergence of public safety hazards brought by the public safety monitoring of the Internet of Things. The advantages of emergency response to incidents have strengthened people’s awareness of the value of the Internet of Things.
3 The architecture and key technologies of the secure Internet of Things
Figure 1 describes the network architecture of the Internet of Things for public safety monitoring. Its overall architecture is similar to that of the Internet of Things, consisting of three parts: perception layer, network layer, and application layer. However, due to the particularity of public safety monitoring IoT application scenarios, it has some technical features that other IoT applications do not have, as summarized as follows:
1) At the perception layer, the types of perceived information are diverse, and real-time requirements are high. The perception of most information (such as the safety status of bridges and buildings, monitoring of dangerous goods, etc.) requires high accuracy and is difficult to detect by manual means. Due to the high uncertainty of the information types of potential safety hazards, a large number of different types of sensors should be deployed for a long time in densely populated places or high-risk production places, and the network strategy, energy management, transmission efficiency, QoS, sensor coding, Issues such as address, frequency and electromagnetic interference put forward higher requirements. These issues are also the key to the mature application of public safety monitoring of the Internet of Things.
2) At the network layer, since the information perceived by the public security monitoring Internet of Things involves key national industries and the daily lives of the people, once the information is leaked or used improperly, it may endanger national security, social stability and the privacy of the people; Therefore, the information content of the Internet of Things for public safety monitoring must be transmitted through a dedicated network or after taking security precautions on 3G mobile networks to ensure the security, authenticity and integrity of the information.
3) At the application layer, it is necessary to establish a proprietary public security IoT service platform of different levels for the serious harm that may be caused by the massive amount of data information and security risks. The service platform should not only have strong information processing and fusion capabilities, but also the identification and early warning capabilities of potential safety hazards. At the same time, when there is a public safety incident, it should promptly coordinate with relevant functional departments for emergency response, and strive to reduce the loss and impact to The smallest. In addition, interconnecting different levels of public safety IoT platforms is conducive to the maximum deployment of resources according to the degree of harm of a safety accident, and facilitates the timely, effective and transparent resolution of public safety incidents.
In view of the characteristics of the public safety monitoring IoT system structure, the key technologies involved mainly include:
a The research and development of special sensors in the field of public safety monitoring, including increasing the types of monitoring information of the sensors, improving the monitoring accuracy, reducing the size, resisting sabotage, and enhancing the anti-interference ability and confidentiality ability of perceptual information, etc.
b Perception layer network technologies such as self-organizing network of large-scale sensor nodes, cooperative sensing technology, and secure access technology.
c Issues such as coding, address, frequency allocation and electromagnetic interference of large-scale sensor nodes.
d The structure, communication protocol, heterogeneous network access technology and network security technology of the private network for public safety monitoring at the network layer.
e The application layer mainly involves the intelligent processing, analysis, and comprehensive technology of massive information, as well as the unified public safety monitoring IoT service platform architecture and other technologies.
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