Application of Access Control Channel Management System in Urban Rail Transit
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Since the reform and opening up, my country’s urban public transportation has made great progress. However, with the development of economy and society, the gathering of population and the expansion of cities, the problems of traffic congestion and inconvenience in some cities have become increasingly prominent, which has seriously affected the normal life of the people and the development of the city’s economy. In order to alleviate urban traffic congestion, improve the urban living environment, and promote sustainable urban development, China has opened urban rail transit in 9 cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou, Changchun, Dalian, Shenzhen, Wuhan, and Nanjing. As of February 2005, the urban rail transit line in operation has a mileage of more than 400 kilometers, of which the subway line has an operating mileage of approximately 293 kilometers.
As an important part of public transportation, the urban rail transit system has always been a high-risk place, and the application of technical safety protection systems can effectively ensure the normal operation of the rail transit system. Among them, the application of access control channel management can provide necessary and convenient control methods for the channels of rail transit systems.
Rail transit system requirements for access control systems
Due to its own system structure, management method, social influence and other factors, rail transit requires access control channel management in addition to general access control, alarm, all-in-one card and other functions applied to buildings, as well as some special functional requirements. The following is a simple analysis of the special requirements of the rail transit system for the management of access control channels:
1.The access control system is required to have extremely high reliability
In addition to the hardware itself and the design, installation and commissioning links, the system must be extremely stable in use, and it is also required to ensure the long-term and reliable operation of the system in the communication structure design and database structure design.
2.Can adapt to the complex network structure of the rail transit system
In addition to the centralized access control system of the command center, the rail transit system also has unified and decentralized management of various sites far away. Therefore, the selected access control system needs to be able to adapt to the different communication structures of each site. To ensure the smooth flow of communication, but also to ensure that the communication is fast and safe.
3.Can meet the multi-level management mode
The rail transit system is a huge urban public transportation system with a large number of staff and complex management levels. Management departments at different levels must have independent management authority and mutual coordination and support. Therefore, in the access control system, it must be able to The administrator’s authority is divided in detail according to the department and area, and the higher-level management department can coordinate the management area in a unified manner.
4.Fast and accurate access authorization
The complexity of the users puts forward high requirements on the operation level of the access control system administrator, and the humanized operation interface and management method can enable the system administrator to complete the allocation, modification and query statistics of the channel authorization at the fastest speed , And can quickly change the traffic level of the entire system to deal with emergencies.
5.Openness of the system
As a part of rail transit, the access control system must upload necessary information to the upper system for unified management and deployment. At the same time, the upper system also needs to control the access control system to complete the linkage between the various subsystems. Therefore, when choosing an access control system for rail transit systems, it must be an open system with standard industrial control interfaces to facilitate integration and data exchange with other systems. At the same time, these open interfaces must be successfully applied to avoid Issues such as interface version compatibility have an unnecessary impact on system integration.
6.Compatibility of card reading technology
As an employee in the rail transit system, the proximity card held by it should have multiple functions, including pass confirmation, personnel management, and transportation in this system, so the selected access control system should ensure that the selected access control system can be used in the rail transit system A variety of card reading technologies.
solution
In response to these special needs of rail transit systems, existing manufacturers (such as DDS) have proposed more complete solutions. The following combined with the above demand analysis, introduce specific solutions.
Due to limited space, we will not repeat the common functions of the access control system.
1. In order to solve the reliability problem, the manufacturer has introduced a unique dual-bus network structure. The controller has two independent bus communication interfaces, which can ensure that each control loop has two independent buses connected to the management workstation, and one line of Failure (short circuit, open circuit, etc.) will not affect the transmission of system data, which greatly improves the reliable and stable operation of the system. The dual-bus structure can also realize unique functions such as rapid upload of alarm events and global linkage from the PC, as shown in Figure 1.
At the same time, the latest system management software has made important innovations to the database structure. In addition to the conventional unified control and management of the entire system data by the server, each sub-controller workstation will save all the data of the controller it manages. , And complete the polling of these controllers, so that even if the network of the management platform is interrupted or the server stops working, the jurisdiction managed by each workstation can normally complete the control and management within its own scope and ensure the integrity of the data. After the communication and the server are restored, the data of each workstation can be uploaded to the server through the network, and be re-integrated to resume normal work, see Figure 2.
These measures have laid a solid foundation for the reliable operation of the system.
2. The system architecture has a variety of networking methods, which can adapt to the complex network structure of the rail transit system. For example, the communication method between the workstation and the access controller can adopt the cheap and reliable RS485 method, or the TCP/IP method with fast communication speed, convenient networking and not limited by distance. For some special nodes, it can be used if it is not easy to establish a network route. MODEM way to establish a connection, see Figure 3.
3. The system uses two methods to complete the hierarchical authorization of system management personnel according to regions. The first is to divide the system controllers according to areas. Administrators in different areas can only manage the work of the access control system within their jurisdiction, but cannot manage or even view the work of other areas; the second is to operate the system administrators The content is meticulously authorized, and each operator can set which functions he can operate or can only view, and he can also set the functions that are not allowed to participate in management to be invisible. In this way, the multi-level management requirements of rail transit can be met, and there is no limit to the number of authorizations of the system administrator, which greatly facilitates the actual work, see Figure 4.
4. Due to the large number of users, assigning access rights to users will be a very complicated matter for system administrators. For this reason, the system management software provides operators with the greatest convenience in the management of access authorization. For example, in addition to quickly establishing your own access level for a certain group or a person, it also provides the starting and ending time of a certain person’s access level in advance; it can be set at In a certain time zone, increase or decrease the access authority of one or more gates from the original access level. All these operations can be completed in a few seconds.
As an important public area of a city, rail transit is indispensable to establish a plan to deal with emergencies. The crisis level function of the system provides the necessary conditions for the establishment of such a plan. In the event of an emergency, the system administrator can quickly change the crisis level of the entire access control system (level 0-7) according to the type of event according to the plan. When the individual’s crisis level in the system is lower than the system’s crisis level, its original setting The access authority will be restricted until the incident is handled, and the system administrator will restore the system to normal working conditions.
5. In addition, the system is equipped with an OPC interface, which can quickly establish a connection between the system and the upper integration platform (BMS, IBMS system, etc.) without the need for integrators to have an in-depth understanding of the underlying protocols of each system, reducing the interface links and Integration workload, while OPC can achieve high-speed data synchronous transmission and two-way control, greatly improving the system’s integration capabilities, see Figure 5.
The system is compatible with a variety of card reading technologies, and can easily apply various RFID tags widely used in rail transit to the identification of the access control system. When using the access control system, the staff no longer need to hold the special setting for the access control system. The proximity card saves the investment for the user and ensures the convenience of the system.
Concluding remarks
As my country puts rail transit construction in an increasingly important position, it can be foreseen that the prospects for urban rail transit construction will be bright. In the field of security, more and more companies will pay attention to rail transit systems, explore more in-depth the needs of rail transit systems for channel management, and launch targeted systems and products that are closer to users.
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