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It is also called non-stop electronic toll collection. It uses electronic communication and computer technology to realize the charging function. In the whole process, the operator does not directly intervene in the charging link, but only needs to manage and supervise the equipment and handle special events.
Each car has its unique long-distance identification card, which is installed on the front windshield of the car. The model identification is pre-approved under the static state of the vehicle and recorded in its identification card in a one-to-one correspondence with the license plate number of the vehicle. The data in this identification card can be read by microwave equipment several meters away and can also be modified. The entire charging process is handled by electronic communication and computer, without manual intervention, and no parking payment. The fee is prepaid and assigned to the card by the user in advance, or stored in a special bank account.
The key to non-stop electronic toll collection lies in automatic vehicle identification and rapid communication. The entire non-stop electronic toll collection system consists of 4 parts.
1. The electronic identification card is an active electronic radio frequency card with a power of about 1/1000 watts. Its memory can be used to store various information including vehicle model, license plate number, and relevant information of the owner. It is a complete car Identity cards and credit cards.
2. The transceiver is a device with a microwave circuit, which is used to establish high-directivity high-frequency microwave communication with the identification card. It has strong anti-jamming performance and fast communication capabilities. France uses the European standard 5.8GHz microwave, and the United States uses 2.5GHz microwave. Which standard our country adopts when introducing this system is directly related to the future national highway network toll collection, which is an issue worthy of attention.
3. Microprocessor for communication processing
It interprets the information from the identification card and transmits it to the lane controller, so as to obtain the relevant information of the vehicle and perform corresponding processing. After analyzing the data information from the lane controller, the data in the identification card can be modified as necessary. .
4. Lane controller
According to the information on the card, it is determined whether the passing vehicle has the right to pass normally, the validity of the card can also be judged, the corresponding traffic signs can be activated, and a warning can be issued to the owner of the vehicle. If there is a violation of regulations, the capture system can also be driven to collect evidence for violations.
Before a car with an identification card enters the no-stop toll lane, there will be a sign prompting it to reduce its speed (less than 50 km/h). When the car passes through the first door frame equipped with a transceiver (also equipped with a camera and an infrared detector), the transceiver and the electronic identification card are confirmed bidirectionally through high-frequency microwaves. The transceiver first verifies the validity of the electronic identification card, and reads the data in the card to calculate the fee. If the card cannot be recognized (including invalid) or the balance is insufficient, the barrier in front of the mast will not be raised, and the system will warn the driver to enter the semi-automatic toll lane on the right to pay. If everything is normal, the barrier in front of the mast is automatically raised, and the information in the electronic identification card is modified when the car passes through the second mast equipped with a transceiver to complete the charging process. The capacity of each lane of the system that has been opened abroad is 800-1500 vehicles per hour or even higher, and the error is only 10E-6. The non-stop toll collection system can improve the traffic capacity of the road, shorten the travel time, reduce delays and congestion, and greatly increase the speed of vehicles passing through the toll lane without stopping.
With the rapid development of expressways, the toll expressways built in phases have a trend of networking, which brings up a new topic for the toll system-expressway networked toll system. Due to the different investment channels, the highways that should be networked are artificially divided, independently, managed and charged separately. This increases the number of toll stations, reduces the capacity of vehicles, and reduces the efficiency of investment. The expressway networked toll collection system can realize non-stop electronic toll collection, branch settlement, and centralized management of multiple expressways. One vehicle, one card, one card to the end, and one-time payment; it can block the toll loop to the maximum extent and improve the toll service Level and work efficiency, reduce the intensity of toll collectors, facilitate toll settlement, and standardize toll management. It is a better choice for the current networked expressway to adopt a semi-automatic toll system.
In some countries with developed expressways, such as Europe and the United States, toll stations usually have both semi-automatic toll lanes and non-stop toll lanes. There are almost no toll stations that only have a single non-stop toll lane. For a long period of time in the future, semi-automatic charging methods, especially magnetic card (IC card) charging methods, will continue to exist for a long time and play an important role. Of course, in the future, when the unified toll collection of national highways is realized, electronic toll collection without stopping is the best choice.
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