Application of RFID Document Intelligent Management System in Shenzhen Library
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In order to better carry out reader service work, more effectively improve the work efficiency of employees, improve the current situation of services and management, and improve the efficiency of the library’s intelligent management and humanized reader service, as a technical means and new way to improve the library service system One of the technical highlights of Shenzhen Library, the new library of Shenzhen Library introduces RFID automatic management technology on the basis of the original automatic management system, and combines the actual business service mode of the library and the way of document management. Expand and in-depth design of the application, design a systematic, accurate, and high-efficiency RFID document intelligent management system and fully implement the application, in order to achieve intelligent, humane and high-efficiency document work, thereby improving the service as a whole The ultimate goal of level and work efficiency.
RFID is a hot research topic in domestic and foreign libraries in recent years. It is a brand-new automation technology that can be applied to book management and circulation. In 2002, the National Library Board of Singapore (NLB) released the world’s first fully deployed RFID library management system, making the National Library of Singapore the first library in the world to implement RFID technology. The library is equipped with RFID tags. Entries cover books, periodicals, music scores, CDs, DVDs, and video tapes. Currently, RFID systems have been fully adopted to replace the original bar code management methods. In addition to Singapore, libraries in the United States, Europe and Taiwan have also adopted this technology in recent years. At present, there are domestic libraries in the Chengyi College Library of Jimei University that have adopted RFID technology and put it into use and operation.
1 RFID overview
The full name of RFID is Radio Frequency IDentification, that is, radio frequency identification technology, which uses wireless transmission to realize non-contact identification of people or things and exchange of data information. It has more than 20 years of application history in animal tracking, anti-theft systems, access control management, parking lot management, automatic production lines, material management and other industries. In library applications, RFID tags can store a unique identification symbol for a book or a CD, and can use this symbol for fast and efficient circulation processing and inventory management.
Due to the development of technology and the popularization of applications, the principle of RFID can be simplified to be based on storing data in a tag that can be read by a reader through radio. As shown in the figure, an RFID system consists of three main parts: RFID tag (tag or transponder), RFID reader (reader or interrogator), and application system used to manage the transmission of data between the two .
Figure 1 RFID schematic diagram
The tag usually consists of a set of coupling elements and an electronic chip to provide the function of an antenna. A reader includes a radio frequency module (providing the processing of transmitting and receiving signals) and a control module, as well as a set of coupling components, which are connected to application system equipment (such as PC) through input/output interfaces, such as serial ports, USB interfaces, etc.
RFID tags can be divided into active tags and passive tags according to different signal transmission mechanisms, and can be divided into low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), ultra high frequency (UHF) and microwave according to different frequency bands. At present, the tags suitable for library use are 13.56MHz HF band passive tags.
2 The function of RFID document intelligent management system
Documents are the most basic resource entity of modern libraries, document service is the basic service function of libraries, and the three basic elements of document management are readers, documents, and bookshelves. The RFID document intelligent management system uses chips of the same frequency band for the RFID reader card, document identification RFID, and library shelf position identification RFID carried by readers, so that the system can realize the integrated identification of readers, documents, and library shelves through RFID equipment. It constitutes an organic system as a whole, which provides a technical foundation for the establishment of a systematic, accurate and efficient RFID identification document management system.
Based on the RFID identification of readers, documents, and bookshelves, the RFID document intelligent management system uses RFID tags as the circulation management medium, and uses relevant RFID circulation equipment, RFID reading and writing equipment, RFID security door equipment, and RFID collection equipment The integrated management and maintenance of the bookshelves, and the use of mobile return bookshelves to maintain the one-to-one correspondence between the documents and the bookshelves, the use of circulation equipment, collection equipment, and intelligent document positioning bookshelves can realize self-service operation for readers. Positioning and requesting documents can comprehensively improve the service level of readers and improve service efficiency. For staff, it can realize high-efficiency borrowing and returning of documents, positioning management, and accurate storage, which can effectively reduce the workload of front-line personnel, improve work efficiency, and improve Collection management capabilities.
2.1 Self-service operation
RFID uses non-contact and multi-books at a time to realize fast, safe and convenient self-service borrowing and returning of documents. At the same time, it provides peripheral equipment for self-service borrowing and returning. The operation is simple, easy to learn, fast and safe, so that most readers can go through the procedures for borrowing and returning documents by themselves, effectively protecting Reader privacy can also effectively reduce the work pressure of the literature circulation department. At the same time, the self-service features in the RFID library application have been expanded through the positioning navigation system and the layer frame positioning system. Readers can not only achieve completely independent operation through the self-checking device, but also can separate from the staff in the document navigation guidance system Self-service literature search and location request with the help of.
2.2 Positioning and requesting documents
Taking the first floor of the bookshelf as the basic shelf and document positioning unit, OPAC inquiry and librarian guidance can not only reveal the circulation status of the documents, but also accurately give the specific location of the documents in the library, that is, a certain level of a certain bookshelf. Effectively solve the problems of inaccurate document positioning and difficulty in the whole shelf caused by the open-shelf reading method. The guidance sign system is scientific and concise, making it easy for staff to guide readers or readers to read by themselves.
2.3 Improve the efficiency of loan and return operations
After using the RFID system, the processing speed of borrowing/returning documents can be increased. The staff can read the list of documents borrowed and returned by readers at one time without scanning the strips one by one. The borrowing and returning documents are exempt from demagnetization and magnetization. At the same time, readers can carry out self-service literature borrowing and returning operations through the self-service borrowing and returning equipment, effectively alleviating the staff’s borrowing and returning business.
2.4 Document location management
RFID identification of bookshelves, strict positioning management, can meet a variety of shelf arrangements: according to classification, according to themes, according to author, etc., the literature is active and mobile, but the position of the bookshelf is fixed And unchanging. Through the RFID intelligent shelf-storing book cart and portable inventory, the document can be quickly placed and patrolled. The efficient batch processing function can quickly complete the re-confirmation of the document shelf position and the batch storage of documents, effectively solving the topic The problem of document shelving and shelving.
2.5 Accurate data collection and collection
Relying on the fast and portable handheld RFID reading device, it greatly improves the efficiency of the collection of documents, not only the speed is increased, but more importantly, the accuracy of the inventory has also been qualitatively improved, that is, through the collection of the inventory, not only can you grasp the accurate collection of documents The quantity, can better grasp the document variety, realize the task that is almost impossible to complete with the traditional manual counting method, and provide accurate collection analysis data for the reader service and document procurement department.
3 System composition
The RFID document intelligent system used in the Shenzhen Library mainly uses RFID readers to read RFID tags and RFID library cards attached to documents and bookshelves, with the help of the back-end RFID management system and library automation integration system. , To realize the integrated management of borrowing, returning, returning, storing, and security and anti-theft detection of documents, bookshelves, and readers.
3.1 Hardware composition
Figure 2 The composition of RFID hardware equipment in Shenzhen Library
For RFID tags in the system, there are many types such as book RFID tags, CD RFID tags, shelf tags, layer tags, and RFID reader cards. Books and CD RFID tags store the basic circulation information of a book or CD, such as barcode number, circulation type, etc.; shelf label is used to store the single-sided and single-linked information of a bookshelf; layer label is used to store the single side of a bookshelf The first level information of the single link; the RFID reader card stores the basic information of a reader, such as the reader’s card number, the type of the reader’s card, etc.
In order to realize the efficient borrowing and returning of circulation documents by readers, the high-quality storage and collection of staff, the system is equipped with a variety of hardware facilities. In order to realize RFID management of all documents, reader cards, and bookshelves, the system is equipped with document circulation and query equipment, including RFID circulation workstations, RFID writers, self-service RFID circulation equipment, query terminals, inventory collection equipment, security testing equipment, etc. At the same time, in order to realize the intelligent positioning of documents, the RFID document intelligent positioning book cart was designed and realized.
3.2 Software module
Figure 3 Shenzhen Library RFID system software module
Based on these hardware devices, the RFID identification document intelligent management system carries out in-depth development and design of RFID modules, and integrates them into the Digital Library Application Platform (dILAS) operated by Shenzhen Library. As shown in the figure, the system is mainly composed of four parts: the identification initialization system, the circulation management system, the document positioning system, and the collection and storage system. The identification initialization system implements the RFID label pasting, processing and initialization of documents, and the processing and initialization of the reader’s card through the basic facilities of RFID; the circulation management system implements the reader’s self-service borrowing and returning operations of circulating documents through the self-service borrowing and returning module. RFID The security detection module is used to ensure the security of circulating documents, etc.; the document positioning system uses RFID to move the document storage cart and the RFID shelf identification of the bookshelf to realize readers’ inquiries, positioning and navigation operations for documents, as well as the collection, sorting and updating of the shelf positions of the circulating books. , The staff perform operations on loading, returning and patrolling the circulating documents; the collection and collection system uses the collection inventory equipment, through the data collection, statistics, and comparative analysis of the RFID layer identification of the bookshelf and the RFID identification of the literature, to achieve an accurate inventory of the documents And collections. In the process of data integration, according to the SIP2 standard protocol, the data transmission and conversion of the RFID system database and the original book automation management application system database are carried out.
4 Implementation of the system application plan
4.1 Establishment of the shelf position identification system
The new library will continue to use the classification and shelving system. At the same time, combined with the application of RFID, it will meet the needs of readers in reading, book positioning and shelf management. The library will be divided into multiple shelving units (basic areas). The first floor on a single side is a basic area. According to the physical location of the space, the orientation direction of the code and the planning of the document partition range are formulated. For each basic document classification code, the “floor number + partition number + lane number + book shelf row number + orientation mark + book shelf number” is adopted. Coding structure.
The storage coding method of each shelf unit (basic area):
Figure 4 Storage diagram of bookshelf unit information
Adopt the partition mark in the floor to facilitate the staff to carry out the partitioning of the documents according to the location and guide the reader to find the correct bookshelf storage shelf. At the same time, the staff use the lane as the walking path when carrying out the documents on the shelf and putting back and when the readers find and retrieve the documents. The system uses the lane as the coding reference entity, which is conducive to path guidance and navigation.
The RFID identification system of the bookshelf can use shelf labels and layer labels. The shelf labels are used to store the single-sided single-link information of a bookshelf, and the layer labels are used to store the single-sided single-layer information of a bookshelf. It is the smallest document classification code.
4.2 Processing and processing of RFID tags
The system uses RFID technology as a means of circulation management, and all stored information will take the form of encoding, which not only improves the efficiency of storage and reading, but also ensures the safety of data transmission.
The RFID tag is initialized when documents are collected, edited, and processed or before being stored. Paste RFID tags on all circulation documents, write basic information of the documents such as barcode information, circulation type, etc. into the RFID tags, and activate EAS in the RFID tags to ensure the safety of circulation documents.
The reader’s RFID identification is initialized when the reader renews the certificate or applies for a new certificate. The reader’s certificate number, certificate type, reader’s certificate application date, expiration date, and books in the library are taken out from the back-end library automation integration system. When the RFID reader card is entered, the two are kept synchronized or updated asynchronously during the borrowing and returning operations.
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Based on the coding system described in 4.1, the bookshelves in all circulation libraries are encoded, and the relevant coding information is written into the RFID shelf label and RFID layer label, and the RFID shelf label and RFID layer are pasted on each bookshelf according to the specific position. Mark.
The RFID tags and library cards used by our library are passive tags, which comply with relevant international industry standards, such as ISO15693 standards, ISO 18000-3 standards, etc.
4.3 Transformation of the borrowing/returning process
After applying the RFID system, circulation borrowing will also adopt a combination of RFID workstation borrowing/returning and readers’ self-service borrowing/returning.
The RFID workstation borrows/can also take advantage of the RFID technology to read multiple tags at a time. It can read multi-directional and multi-angle RFID tags and RFID library cards. It can borrow multiple documents for readers at a time, which improves the efficiency of the staff. Librarians can replace the past circulation tasks using barcodes and quickly assist readers in circulation tasks.
The self-service lending/returning system equipment is an equipment system that can scan, identify, and borrow/return the circulation data pasted with RFID tags. It is used for readers to perform self-service lending and return operations of circulation data, which is convenient for readers and staff Lending and returning the circulating materials, equipped with a touch screen, providing a simple and easy-to-operate graphical interface for man-machine communication and visual interactive prompts in multiple languages. The use of self-service equipment can give full play to the initiative of readers in self-service operation, reduce the time of waiting in the library for borrowing books, and reduce the manpower for management in the library.
Our library is equipped with 12 sets of RFID self-service lending and returning system equipment. At the same time, a set of self-service return system equipment will be set up to provide readers with book return services outside the library when the library is closed, ensuring readers to return books 24 hours a day.
4.4 Positioning navigation and guidance
According to the shelf system structure and distribution in the circulation library, partition guidelines, coding guidelines and guidance are set in each partition of the bookshelf and in each lane to guide readers to search for the shelf. At the same time, establish an intuitive guide to the distribution structure of the shelves in the library circulation library on the OPAC query WEB page. Readers can find the specific storage location of the documents through the query terminal, and through the page navigation and the partition lane instructions in the circulation library, they can accurately find the documents they need in a self-service manner.
In order to make it more convenient and accurate for readers to find the position of the bookshelf where the literature is located, when the RFID tag of the bookshelf is established, a related literature search and positioning navigation system should be established. It is possible to set up intuitive guidance and positions between floors, partitions, and lanes. Indicating diagrams, and establishing an indication and guidance system for the specific location of the document in the OPAC query result page, so that readers can compare their location based on the reference objects in the library’s library, and find the documents they need in a self-service manner.
4.5 RFID security detection system
The security door detection system equipment is a system equipment that can scan and securely identify the circulation documents pasted with RFID tags. It is used for the security control of the circulation materials by the circulation department to achieve the purpose of anti-theft and monitoring. The equipment system determines whether the alarm message sounds by judging the book borrowing status.
The application of the RFID security detection system can integrate the information of the library with the security and anti-theft management, making the library’s anti-theft system easier to handle, and can still operate independently without the central database. At the same time, the identification and statistics function of the RFID security system can analyze the structure of readers and the utilization rate of the library, and provide readers with better services. Our museum will set up multiple channel RFID security detection systems at the main entrance and exit of the floor.
4.6 RFID collection inventory system
The collection inventory equipment is equipped with a handheld RFID reader, which can quickly and contactlessly identify the RFID tags of the library resources on the bookshelf, connect to a handheld computer or laptop, and use it to run collection inventory software, shelf location acquisition software and stored document inventory As a result, the rack position information collects data.
Our library is equipped with 8 handheld inventory system equipment. With the help of inventory equipment, the staff can collect shelf position information and document address information on the circulation library documents by scanning the bookshelves and the circulation materials with RFID tags, helping to arrange shelves, find and count specific circulation materials, etc. . After the collected bookshelf position information is fused with the specific position map of the library shelf position distribution, a detailed data model map of the bookshelf distribution address can be established.
The use of RFID collection inventory system equipment can speed up inventory operations and improve the efficiency of document inventory. The result of inventory is systematic statistics and analysis. There are not only statistics on the number of documents, but also basic bar codes and other information of statistical documents. The system is passing and circulating After the comparative analysis of the bibliographic library and the collection library, the efficiency of circulation, the types of document loss, the detailed catalogue, the rate of document loss, etc. can be counted to obtain more accurate collection distribution information, so as to provide better management of the collection of documents in accordance with.
4.7 RFID smart positioning book cart
The RFID intelligent positioning book cart is a mobile RFID document storage management device developed and designed by Shenzhen Library. It is equipped with on-board computer, touchable display screen, RFID reader, document sorting unit, control display circuit and other components. It has the functions of automatic document identification, automatic addressing instructions, bookshelf intelligent navigation, etc., which can realize the functions of document shelf information collection, document sorting, positioning and returning, patrolling error correction, new documents on the shelf, and document inverting. details as follows:
(1) The built-in computer stores the shelf information of the literature in the library, and can realize the update of the central database data through the connection with the service terminal, and obtain or transmit the latest shelf information and the storage shelf information of the literature.
(2) When documents are sorted to the book cart, the RFID reader recognizes the information stored in the RFID of the document carried by the device, records and displays the location of the document on the device, and at the same time, according to the acquired document storage shelf information, The shelf position that needs to be put on the shelf is corresponding to the storage position of the corresponding book on the book cart, and the specific shelf position of the book on the cart is displayed and guided on the display screen according to the position of the book stack, so as to facilitate the staff to carry out efficient return. Frame work.
(3) During the traveling of the book cart, the book cart can read the shelf mark of the book shelf, and compare the current storage rack information of the documents on the cart, if there is an alarm through the control display circuit, and it should be put on the shelf The orientation and number of layers are provided to guide the staff to complete the document shelving work in the most convenient way.
(4) Identify the collection number of the document on the shelf through the RFID reader, and compare the data with the database. If it is found that the book does not belong to the shelf, an alarm will be given and the correct shelf position will be given.
(5) Use the RFID reader to identify the collection number and the shelf number of the newly added document, and upload it to the central database to realize the positioning of the new document.
(6) Use the RFID reader to identify the original shelf number (shelf label) and the shelf number (shelf label) to which the book is to be moved, and upload it to the central database, and replace the original shelf number with the book moved into the shelf number. Achieve book shelving.
5 Integration of RFID document intelligent management system
Since the Shenzhen Library’s RFID hardware equipment was purchased in batches after the building was completed, it involved a process of integrating various hardware equipment. For example, the radio frequency of the antenna can penetrate metal and aluminum doors, and the system power, shape and relative position of the antenna will also affect the transmission and reception of data. Professionals are required to design and install the antenna of the system. The security door must be based on the RFID tag’s performance. The recognition range is used to set the distance to ensure that RFID chips can be safely recognized, etc. When the system is installed and implemented, it combines the furniture environment of our library and the surrounding reading environment, and at the same time integrates various hardware equipment with the existing circulation terminals, furniture facilities, and mobile PC equipment, so as to achieve the integration effect of the equipment hardware and the surrounding environment .
There are two integration methods for the integration between the RFID document intelligent management system and the RFID system equipment and the RFID application management system that comes with the equipment:
(1) For point-to-point RFID reading and writing equipment, it can be connected to a client PC equipped with a business management program through a USB interface or a serial port. After the driver supports the establishment of hardware interface reading program support, the library automation integration system is here With the support of the interface program, the RFID device can complete the reading and writing of tags and reader IDs, and the opening and closing of the EAS for document borrowing and returning, so as to realize the circulation management and maintenance of RFID documents and RFID reader IDs.
(2) For integrated system equipment, such as self-service loan and return system equipment, the data interaction and business interaction between the RFID document intelligent management system and the RFID equipment application management program can be realized through the SIP2 protocol.
Figure 5 Integration of RFID document intelligent management system and RFID application equipment and systems
Because some of the business modules in the RFID document intelligent management system are an important part of the traditional library automation integrated system, such as the borrowing and returning operations of circulating documents, the handling and maintenance of reader cards, etc., they can be embedded in the traditional automated integrated system The hardware interface reading program of the corresponding RFID device is enough; other such as document location management, collection management, etc. are brand-new concepts and business management modes, which can be used as a supplement to the traditional library automation integrated system or as a plug-in module.
6 Application effect of the system
After the opening of the new library of Shenzhen Library on July 12, 2006, the implementation and application of RFID technology and intelligent document management system has made the service level and work efficiency of Shenzhen Library fundamentally improved and improved, and the readers and libraries Colleagues in the industry have developed a keen interest in the RFID technology adopted by the Shenzhen Library, have universal recognition of its convenience and efficiency, and have made high praises. After the new library launches the RFID document intelligent management system, readers have greatly increased their enthusiasm for self-service document inquiry and retrieval through the OPAC query terminal. With the help of RFID efficient borrowing and returning operations and self-service borrowing and returning, readers’ document borrowing and returning scale and The efficiency has also been greatly improved. After the opening of the library, the number of readers to the library has increased by 6-8 times, the number of loans has increased by 5-7 times, and the utilization rate of self-service borrowing and returning equipment has reached more than 50%. At the same time, in the new library with the “RFID Document Intelligent Management System” enabled, the staff withstood the arduous tasks at the opening of the library and the unprecedented huge pressure of readers, and many old problems that could not be solved, such as the overload of loans , Open-shelf books and periodicals in disorder, inconsistent literature and bibliographic data, etc., have all been resolved or eased to a great extent. Librarians use advanced RFID equipment to carry out efficient and high-speed document shelving, shelving operations and systematic document accurate collection work, and then have more time and energy to provide readers with more professional document services And information services.
The Shenzhen Library, which has applied the RFID intelligent document management system, will better improve the circulation service efficiency and reader service level of the Shenzhen Library, and improve the library’s business work mode, so that the automation management level of the Shenzhen Library will be a new level. At the same time, the successful implementation of the new RFID system will also accumulate valuable experience and insights for other libraries in my country to introduce RFID systems.
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