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Background information
According to reports, as of the end of 2009, among the 167 million elderly people in China, 18.99 million were over 80 years old, and most of them gradually entered a state of semi-self-care or unable to take care of themselves. Li Liguo, Minister of Civil Affairs, said that among elderly households in urban and rural areas, empty-nest households accounted for more than 50%, and some large and medium-sized cities accounted for 70%. The beds in elderly care institutions accounted for 1.59% of the national elderly population.
Increasing capital investment to meet the needs of the elderly for elderly care services is one of the key tasks for my country to promote the construction of the social elderly care service system in the future. To this end, my country will establish a pension service subsidy system. For low-income elderly, living alone, disabled and other elderly people who have difficulty in providing support for the elderly, after evaluation, they adopt the form of government subsidies to provide support for them to live in elderly care institutions or receive community or home care services.
There are several ways to provide for the elderly: home care, day care and institutional care. Developed countries in Europe and the United States have come up with many coups in taking care of the “empty-nest elderly” who care for the elderly at home. For example, Germany arranges for college students to live with the “empty nest elderly” to help the elderly make dinner, clean the room, watch TV, chat, walk, and go out shopping with the elderly; Tokyo, Japan uses technical means to monitor the daily water consumption of the “empty nest elderly” at home The elderly’s water consumption information is sent to their children’s mobile phones every day to let them know the living conditions of their fathers or mothers in the first place; the United States uses sensors to record the activities of the “empty nest elderly” in the bathroom, kitchen and bedroom for the elderly. The personal computer can find out whether there is an abnormal situation in the home in time. In order to reflect the affection of children, Japan puts forward the concept of “a bowl of soup distance” filial piety, telling children not to live too far away from the elderly, and the standard of sending a bowl of soup without being cold, and so on.
Care system classification
In 1986, the International Charity Organization (HTA) classified senior housing into seven types according to the physical and mental health of the elderly:
Type A: Retired people who are full of vitality and take care of themselves and healthy residences for the elderly before retirement.
Category B: Housing for healthy elderly people who basically take care of themselves and need a little supervision and help.
Category C: Healthy elderly residences that provide full-day supervision and minimal services and facilities.
Category D: It is designed for the elderly who are physically weak and mentally sound, but do not require nursing and supervision.
Category E: It is designed for the elderly who are physically sound but mentally weakened and need personal care and supervision.
Class F: Designed for residences that both physically and mentally decline and require personal supervision and care.
Category G: A registered medical institution designed for the elderly who are physically and mentally depressed and suffer from illnesses, injuries, etc.
For the mentally and physically healthy class AB care recipients, Mr. Amino of Japan defines “active nursing device” as it is. “Active nursing device” has two conditions:
1. The opinions of the care recipient must be respected and their autonomy must be ensured.
2. The guarded party should not be passive, but should be the result of being guarded through its active behavior.
For example: electric hot water bottle with network function. Whether it is turning on the power or adding water to the cup, it is the will of the person being cared for and meets these two conditions. The active behavior of pressing the water button becomes a means of conveying the information that oneself is safe and sound.
Regarding CDE care recipients, refer to the opinion of Nobuo Sakurai, an associate professor of the Department of Medicine at Mie University in Japan, on “how to ensure the quality of their daily lives is a major prerequisite for the medical care and care of the elderly”. According to our actual survey, we believe that “passive There are also two conditions for the nursing device:
1. Respect the freedom of care recipients and ensure that their normal quality of life is not affected by the care.
2. Respect the privacy of the care recipient and ensure that the personal space under normal circumstances is not excessively violated.
For example, caregiving devices with cameras can make the elderly feel uneasy, so few people are willing to install these services. Another example is the installation of sensors on the person being cared for, and even the heartbeat can be monitored, but in this way, the person being cared for will feel very unfree. Of course, if you don’t have a “nursing” system to deal with emergencies such as sudden heart disease and death, there is no doubt that the importance of saving lives in an emergency is undoubtedly, but it is equally or even more important to make the elderly feel at ease in their daily lives. That is to say, the nursing system must ensure the quality of daily life and allow it to be cared for unconsciously, so that the cared person has a sense of satisfaction that someone is caring about him. For example, there is a business service system for “career master”. This type of system is equipped with infrared devices in the toilet and bathroom. Once the elderly are silent for a period of time, the system will automatically send an alarm to the family members in the living room. This kind of service is welcomed by the elderly.
In fact, whether it is an “active care device” or a “passive care device”, the most important thing is to be able to establish “face-to-face contact”. The meeting between people in real life is called “face-to-face contact”. Correspondingly, the communication between people through the Internet and mobile phone screens is called “screen contact”. The premise of “face-to-face contact” naturally requires a relationship of mutual trust, which has become more and more difficult in the busy modern life. The “picture contact” brought about by high-tech transcends the limitations of time and space, making it possible to continue close interpersonal relationships.
Today, when the Internet is widespread and information is flooded, it is difficult for people to find the information they really need. It is true that people can understand their parents living far away and understand their daily lives. “This may be the reason why the current online care services are getting more and more attention.
system introduction
Install a set of “nursing devices” in the elderly’s residence, and connect to the central SERVER through a suitable network. The nursing center records the activities of the elderly through the SERVER, and is aware of abnormal events in the elderly’s residence at any time. The central system can contact the elderly to understand the situation through voice calls. When it is determined that it is abnormal, it can send someone or notify the family to deal with it; You can also learn the details of the elderly through this system.
The resulting function:
Mobile phone interface: You can get the current on-site situation, and report it to the mobile phone of the user or family member when there is a report.
Duty room interface: the community can receive alarms and provide services
Family computer interface: You can access the current situation and historical data on the Internet.
Equipment for the elderly residence:
1 RFID water meter: real-time record of sending and using water
2 RFID electricity meter: real-time recording of electricity usage
3 RFID gas meter: real-time record of sending gas usage
4 RFID sensor: Dynamically sense the movement of people in the room.
5 RFID pressure sensor: a wireless intelligent pressure sensor that can be used for pressure sensing of chairs, sofas and beds. Adjustable sensitivity is an important feature of this product, thereby reducing the false alarm rate.
6 RFID emergency button: wireless transmission, send out a distress message
7 RFID door sensor: wireless transmission, send out door status change message
8 Host: QIANKUA-2
RFID is used to connect the three meters of “water and electricity” with all sensors, access control, etc., which is free of wiring and convenient for installation.
The mainframe has a built-in data analysis model with artificial intelligence function, which can be dynamically downloaded and updated.
The host uses GPRS/CDMA/3G/LAN to report events to the center.
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