Real-time positioning and monitoring solution for hospital personnel assets
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1 Introduction
1.1 Document description
This document is based on WiFi-RFIDReal-time positioning solution. The appendix of the plan includes technical description, product introduction, etc.
1.2 Explanation of terms and abbreviations
Abbreviation, term explanation
Abbreviation for AP Access Point, which is the wireless network access point responsible for communication functions.
RFID locator WIFI-RFID wireless or wired access point with positioning function
RFID tag is an active type with positioning functionRFIDSubtag.
The abbreviation of RTLS Real Time Location Systems, that is, real-time location system.
The abbreviation of Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity, also known as Wireless LAN, or WLAN, that is, wireless local area network, is an industrial standard for wireless network communication defined by IEEE 802.11.
2 Project requirements
2.1 Project background
Nowadays, the medical industry is facing more and more problems, such as: increasing financial pressure, government regulation, urgent need to improve the level of medical services, patient safety monitoring, etc. The problems arise from a common cause—— There is a lack of a visualization solution for real-time monitoring of the location and status of patients, medical staff, medical equipment, and other movable assets. Such as: medical equipment that cannot be maintained in time due to misplaced placement; patients who go to the wrong ward; cold rooms with temperature-sensitive items in the door that are opened, all of which will have a great negative impact on the hospital’s medical work.
In response to the above-mentioned problems objectively existing in the medical industry, our company has launched a wireless medical tracking solution based on the standard RTLS.Solutions include wireless local area network positioning based on WIFI, and also based on the latestRFIDTechnology, using a unique algorithm to implement RTLS positioning. Wireless does not need to rebuild other networks or facilities. It can quickly deploy and install on the basis of the original wireless LAN, build a medical visualization platform, and provide medical institutions with a complete tracking solution for assets, patients, and employees to help them reduce operating costs. Improve operational efficiency and medical service levels.
The company’s visual medical solutions include: real-time asset management, equipment maintenance, temperature monitoring, workflow management, patient and medical staff safety monitoring. The implementation of the solution is based on a standard WLAN structure and can integrate all medical IT software systems at the same time. The visual medical solution meets the needs of doctors, material managers, bioengineers, and laboratory personnel. It increases conventional applications, enhances safety, and effectively uses equipment to reduce costs, improve processes, increase income, and improve medical care. level.
2.2 Requirements description
Application of real-time location system (RTLS) in the medical industry
1. Maternal and child management
Newborn babies have little difference in appearance. They have no sense of self-protection and need careful care from medical staff. The real-time positioning system can solve the problems of mother-infant pairing and infant anti-theft, and realize the safety of mother-infant.
2. Special patient management
Special patient groups include: mental patients, disabled patients, patients with sudden illnesses, and children. These groups have poor self-management capabilities and require more complete and meticulous care from the hospital.
In summary, the real-time positioning system (RTLS) not only solves the problem of wireless network coverage in the hospital, but also realizes the intelligent office of wireless Internet access. The real-time positioning system based on Wi-Fi wireless local area network also solves the personnel and assets of the hospital. Effective management. The real-time positioning system (RTLS) can be integrated with the existing information system of the hospital at the same time, which is more convenient for the intelligent management of the hospital.
2.3 Demand analysis
2.3.1 Alarm for entering and exiting the perimeter
1. Set up a perimeter alarm system 5-10 meters away from the courtyard gate
2. If there is no designated person to accompany, the person will call the police if they approach the entrance and exit gate at a certain distance.
2.3.2 Zone alarm
1. The patient or baby cannot move beyond the specified range at the specified time
2.3.3 Mother and child management
Wear the electronic tag of the wristband on the ankle of the newborn baby. Before being discharged from the hospital, it is not allowed to open the tag without special circumstances. The mother also wears an electronic tag. When the mother is admitted to the hospital and the baby is born, the hospital administrator enters the current and baby’s personal information in the tag. If the mother and baby are paired incorrectly, an alarm will be issued when the mother and baby’s tags are together. Remind nurses that a pairing error occurred.
The unique design inside the baby’s wristband tag, no matter how it is removed, will trigger the tag to alert the location server. At the same time, if the baby is carried out of the baby room, the tag will also trigger the location server through the real-time location information transmitted Warning prompt. It reminds the manager of the baby’s real-time position movement status, effectively preventing the baby from being stolen.
2.3.4 Special patient management
Special patient groups include: mental patients, disabled patients, patients with sudden illnesses, and children. These groups have poor self-management capabilities and require more complete and meticulous care from the hospital.
Real-time location information query: Wear an electronic tag to the patient, and you can view the real-time location information of the patient in the hospital on the back-end positioning server to ensure that the patient is in a safe environment.
Emergency alert: When a patient encounters an emergency, such as a disabled patient falling down in the bathroom, a child can’t find his ward, a sudden illness patient has a sudden onset, etc., the patient can press the label alert button he is wearing, the back end The positioning server immediately displays an alarm prompt, and the management personnel can immediately respond and arrange rescue.
Hospitals are particularly heavily managed: There are many areas where patients are prohibited from entering the hospital, which requires strict monitoring and management. If a patient with a tag breaks into this area, the alarm function of the back-end positioning server will be triggered to remind the management staff to deal with it immediately.
Security scope definition: In order to maintain the safety of special patients, the hospital can arrange special patients in a safe area according to actual conditions. If the patient walks out of the safe area, the tag carried by the patient will send an alarm message to the back-end positioning server, and the management can Arrange for medical staff to deal with it in real time.
2.3.5 Security Patrol Management
1) Active alarm trigger
Current situation: The emergencies are mainly monitored through video, but due to the excessive number of video surveillance images and the fatigue of the surveillance security, it is impossible to deal with the emergencies in time.
Problems solved by the positioning system:
1. Security personnel button alarm: The security guard wears a positioning card. Once an emergency occurs, the positioning card button can be triggered and linked with the video, so that the back-end can provide timely support and ensure the safety of the security.
2. Wireless fixed-point alarm: install wireless fixed-point alarm tags in important areas, and classify the alarm levels to ensure that the control center handles the alarm in the first time, and provides a good guarantee for the personal safety of the security guard.
3. Area alarm: certain areas are designated as restricted areas. Unauthorized persons entering or leaving will issue an alarm message, or some persons cannot leave a certain area, once they leave, an alarm message will be issued.
2) Realize positioning and video linkage when encountering an alarm
Current situation: At present, only using video surveillance has many drawbacks. When an accident occurs, the staff on duty may not be able to notice the screen displayed by the video, and the intelligence and real-time performance are poor.
The problem solved by the positioning system: when an emergency alarm is encountered, real-time linkage of the positioning system and the video surveillance system is realized, and the camera screen will automatically pop up during the linkage. The personnel in the central control room can take emergency plans according to the current picture situation, with intuitive and rapid response and high efficiency This feature avoids the loss caused by untimely handling. At the same time, while replaying the trajectory, it is possible to simultaneously call the monitoring screens of the same time period at the time to replay together, which makes the ordinary monitoring system more intelligent.
3) Security inspection management
Current status: Security guards need to patrol regularly at the specified time, and patrols are also in accordance with the specified route, but not all security guards can perform according to the regulations; security guards cannot quickly call the police when they encounter an emergency.
Problems that the positioning system can solve: real-time recording of security patrol lines, statistics of the number and time of daily security patrols. The trajectory playback of the security patrol can also be realized at the same time by calling the monitoring pictures of the same time period at the same time to play back together, which can check the situation of the security patrol, prompt the security to patrol on time and according to the amount, and reduce the occurrence of emergencies.
2.3.6 Management of medical staff in the hospital
The positioning system based on wireless local area network (Wi-Fi) can realize effective management of personnel. By wearing electronic handcuffs, real-time positioning and monitoring can prevent accidents.
1) Real-time location information of personnel
Current situation: There is currently a lack of effective management of patients and babies in hospitals, mainly relying on traditional manual methods.
The problem solved by the positioning system: the personnel activities and distribution can be clearly seen through the positioning system. The number of personnel in the ward and the resume of each person can be inquired at any time. The number of people counts is automated, and the rollover is dynamic and real-time.
2) Replay of personnel activity track
Current status: There is no relevant technology to analyze the patient’s past behavior in normal management. If an accident occurs, it is necessary to call the activity of the person at that time.
The problem solved by the positioning system: the patient’s activity track can be called and replayed at any time according to the time period. This function is particularly useful when an emergency occurs. You can check which ones appear in the incident and link with the video, and you can call the video Video.
3) Active alarm trigger
Current situation: The emergencies are mainly monitored through video. However, due to the excessive number of video surveillance images and the fatigue of the monitoring personnel, the emergencies cannot be dealt with in time.
Problems solved by the positioning system:
1. Regional alarm: certain areas are designated as restricted areas. Unauthorized tags will enter or leave an alarm message, or some patients cannot leave a certain area. Once they leave, an alarm message will be issued. For example, when a patient enters another ward, an alarm is triggered.
2. Disappearance alarm: an alarm is issued after the label disappears.
3. Wristband detachment alarm: The patient’s wristband has a broken belt alarm function. When the wristband is detached from the wrist, an alarm will be triggered.
4) Realize positioning and video linkage when encountering an alarm
Current situation: At present, only using video surveillance has many drawbacks. When an accident occurs, the staff on duty may not be able to notice the screen displayed by the video, and the intelligence and real-time performance are poor.
The problem solved by the positioning system: when an emergency alarm is encountered, real-time linkage of the positioning system and the video surveillance system can be realized. The linkage can pop up the camera screen. The personnel in the central control room can take emergency plans according to the current picture conditions. It has an intuitive response and high efficiency. This feature avoids the loss caused by untimely handling.
2.3.7 System expansion function
Medical equipment management
The emergency medical equipment (for example: ventilator, oxygen device, etc.) of the hospital needs to be found in the first emergency, which puts forward extremely high requirements on the management of medical equipment. Place an electronic tag on the medical device, enter the medical device to be searched on the back-end low-end server, and immediately display the real-time storage location of the device on the interface, which is convenient for finding the device immediately and avoiding the first aid caused by searching for the medical device Time progress.
Special Drug Supervision
For some special drugs that require high temperature and humidity, and the monitoring of drug expiration dates, it takes a lot of manpower to manage. The real-time positioning system (Wi-Fi RTLS) can be used to realize easy management. The electronic tag has built-in or external sensors. The tag can collect the temperature, humidity, time and other parameters of the environment where the medicine is located in real time and upload it to the positioning server. The parameters can be set on the positioning server. When the environmental temperature and humidity of the medicine exceed the standard, the label will trigger an alarm reminder, and the manager can deal with the effective management of the medicine in real time according to the warning reminder information to avoid unnecessary waste.
Optimize workflow
Doctors wear electronic tags, and managers can see the doctor’s real-time location information on the back-end positioning server interface. When there is an emergency to find a doctor, they can send instruction information to the label through the positioning server. After the doctor receives the prompt information, they will know If you have an emergency, you can go back to the clinic immediately. At the same time, if the doctor encounters an emergency situation, such as being attacked by a patient, or unable to return to the clinic due to an emergency, the doctor can press the alert button on the label to inform the back-end management center of his real-time situation.
2.4 Program advantages
At present, the popularity of Wi-Fi networks has made Wi-Fi-based application products more and more popular, and applications have been rapidly promoted and explosive growth. The limitation of GPS positioning directly promotes the application of Wi-Fi positioning system. The traditionalRFIDIt is only for access control and attendance, and cannot be used for positioning. With the continuous penetration of RFID applications, new RFID chips continue to come out with strong multi-band anti-interference capabilities. In the future, it will be widely used in wireless sensing, wireless real-time positioning and other applications, especially its ultra-low power wireless sensing is beyond the reach of other electronic tags. We have seen the development prospects of this industry and launched a new WIFI-RFID wireless positioning system in time to create the most advanced, most economical and optimized real-time positioning system.
Because based on the traditionalRFIDThe technology lacks a core positioning algorithm, and only relies on the reader to perform regional positioning, and there are many blind spots that cannot provide precise positioning. The WIFI-RFID real-time positioning system launched by the network frequency integrates the characteristics of WIFI and RFID. The background uses an accurate positioning algorithm based on RSSI signal strength, and the radio frequency front end uses an active RFID system with lower power consumption and cost. The following focuses on a brief comparison between the WIFI-RFID real-time positioning system of the network frequency and the existing WIFI-RTLS.
Project WIFI-RTLS positioning system network frequency WIFI-RFID RTLS positioning system
The system features are based on Wi-Fi wireless local area network positioning, and can use the laid Wi-Fi network to avoid repeated network construction. In actual implementation, because the system is easily interfered by external WIFI wireless signals, the Ethernet TCP/IP protocol is generally used for transmission.Combining wireless local area network access technology, RFID technology, real-time positioning technology, etc., the front end adopts active RFID tags with lower power consumption and cost, and through routingRFIDThe reader can be directly connected to the wireless local area network. The background adopts wired Ethernet or wireless WIFI, supports frequency hopping design, and has strong anti-interference ability.
Single-standard design for network scalability, only supports wireless LAN system, interface wireless WIFI and Ethernet.Weak scalability, modular multi-system design, fusion of WIFI and RFID technology, support for Ethernet, WIFI wireless transmission, etc., easy to integrate with GPRS, 3G and other technologies, strong scalability
WIFI features WIFI tags are generally set in 802.11b, and the transmission rate is only 1Mbps or 2Mbps. AP communication can only use the corresponding 802.11b protocol, and the wireless transmission rate is only 1Mbps or 2Mbps, which also seriously affects the wireless LAN system due to the active front-endRFIDTechnology, WIFI is only used for data transmission, so it works in 802.11G mode, and the transmission rate can reach 128Mbps, which will not affect the existing wireless local area network.
The security of the network supports international standard encryption methods such as WEP, WPA, WPA2; the label supports digital encryption technology; supports WEP, WPA, WPA2 and other international standard encryption methods; in addition, it supports custom digital encryption technology
The positioning accuracy adopts the RSSI signal strength positioning triangulation algorithm, and the positioning accuracy is generally 3 to 5 meters using the RSSI signal strength positioning triangulation algorithm, and the positioning accuracy is generally 3 to 5 meters.If combined with frequency division multiple access technology, the positioning accuracy can reach 2 meters
FM technology does not support FM technology supports FM design, tags automatically roam
Drift probability The drift probability is very high, especially the upper and lower floors and adjacent rooms adopt frequency division and frequency modulation technology, zero drift
Label power consumption Active WIFI electronic label, high power consumption, the working current when the label is in the transmitting state is usually active above 220mARFIDElectronic tags, the same battery capacity, the same working mode, the battery life is at least 10 times more than the WIFI tag
The cost of the label is high and the cost is lower
3 Scheme design
3.1 Function description
3.1.1 Positioning monitoring
1) Real-time monitoring
a. The icon displayed on the map corresponds to the person or thing bound to the label;
b. Monitor the label in real time, and display the current position of the label on the map;
c. The label flashes to indicate that there is an alarm;
d. Label grouping and display with different icons;
e. The smooth movement of the icon can be seen in real time during the positioning process;
f. Search personnel’s name and status:
g. The designated label can be tracked, and the map automatically switches with the movement of the label;
h. Move the mouse to the icon to see the information and status of the icon;
i. After clicking the icon, the detailed information of the person can be displayed;
j. You can manually switch the map to view the activity of all tags on the specified map;
k. The map can be zoomed in and out, adjusted to a suitable size;
l. The map will automatically switch floors when tracking a single label.
2) Real-time alarm
a. Trigger the alarm, pop up the page, sound the alarm, and display the corresponding video recording;
b. After clicking “Handle”, the page can be closed, otherwise it will keep reminding;
c. Real-time alarm list.
3) Track playback
a. The trajectory can be customized and modified;
b. The movement track is displayed smoothly;
c. You can lock a label, play according to time period, display movement (with or without track), and switch the map;
d. You can lock a map, play according to time period, display different label movement, no track;
e. Various alarms (buttons, areas, disappearing, vibrating, not moving) and sound effects can be displayed during the track playback;
f. Can be played in full screen;
g. You can save a certain track video;
h. A certain piece of data can be saved, and it can be recalled and played;
i. Multiple players can be used at the same time.
3.1.2 Label management
Tag management is divided into police officer and patient management.
a. Label issuance, through the card issuing machine, the label ID is automatically obtained;
b. Bind the tag with the person: Bind the specified person’s information with the tag worn by it, and the tag displayed in the system represents the person wearing the tag;
c. The corresponding personnel for label replacement;
Patient information setting: The patient’s information can be set and managed in the system and bound to the ward;
Security information setting: the security information can be set and managed in the system;
Label grouping and classification: Labels can be grouped and classified according to actual conditions.
3.1.3 Alarm management
1) Button alarm setting: The label has a button alarm function, when an emergency occurs, the button can be pressed to send out an alarm message;
2) The wristband is out of the alarm setting-once the wristband is put on the patient’s hand, the patient cannot take it off by himself. If the patient breaks the wristband, the tag will continuously send out the wristband detachment warning message to the system. When the staff needs the wristband to be detached from the patient, they can first turn off the alarm function of the designated tag’s anti-wristband detachment in the system, so that the system will no longer accept the alarm information of the wristband detachment of the tag;
3) Cross-border alarm-some areas are restricted areas. Unauthorized tag entry will send out an alarm message, or some patients cannot leave a certain area, and once they leave, an alarm message will be sent out;
4) Inconsistent with the management information system, alarm-the patient has already set the room number in the system. Once the patient enters the wrong room, an alarm will be sent out in time.
5) Disappearance alarm setting-There are many factors for label disappearance (such as dead battery, label crossing the signal coverage area, etc.), you can set the disappearance alarm condition and alarm level of the specified label. If the label disappears, it will trigger the corresponding Call the police;
6) Low battery alarm setting-the label will report its current power to the system every once in a while, and the minimum power limit can be set in the system. Once the label power is lower than this limit, an alarm message will be issued;
7) Failure to follow the prescribed route to alarm-specify the walking track of a certain tag for a certain period of time, once it is found that the tag has deviated from the specified walking track for a certain period of time, an alarm message will be issued;
8) No accompanying staff alarm-bind the patient tag and the medical staff tag, one-to-one or many-to-many binding, when the walking trajectory of the patient tag is inconsistent with the walking trajectory of the security tag, and the alarm is issued for a certain period of time information.
3.1.4 System Management
a. User management: Various user permissions can be set. After users log in to the system, they can perform corresponding operations and browse content that meets the permissions according to their own permissions.
b. If the map has been divided into areas, you can set the conditions for each label to enter and exit each area.
c. AP locator management: monitor the working status of the AP locator and query historical records.
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