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1 Introduction
Coal mine safety production is related to the people’s lives and property safety. Governments at all levels have always attached importance to coal mine safety production issues and adopted a series of measures to continuously strengthen safety production work. Due to the complex coal production system, the dark and narrow workplaces, the concentration of people, and the movement of the mining face at any time, changes in geological conditions will cause new situations and new problems on the moving mining face. If corresponding effective measures are not taken in time, it may cause problems. Leading to major disasters and accidents, which brings difficulties to safety work. How to strengthen the management mode of coal mine safety production and realize the modernization and informatization of management has become a concern of coal mine enterprises. The “perceived mine” based on the informatization and intelligence of the mining area is a good example of the successful application of the Internet of Things technology in the coal industry.
“Perceived mine” through comprehensive perception, comprehensive perception of people (personnel positioning, wireless communication), equipment (comprehensive automation), environment (safety monitoring, mine pressure monitoring, etc.) in the mining area, and achieve full coverage through high-speed network, and also have The intuitive image application, through the 3D GIS mining area holographic display, to fully perceive the mine.
“Perceived mines” can be used for coal mine (surface, underground) safety production, comprehensive informatization of the coal industry, taxation bureaus, coal bureaus, county coal production monitoring, and forestry system monitoring, power system high-voltage switch monitoring and control, etc. Scenarios, there are currently many successful cases across the country. The key point of the implementation of “perceived mine” is the access to all perceptual layer networks related to safety and production in the mining area. Because in the mining area construction process, the manufacturers of different sensors are different, and the protocol interfaces are not unified. Some are early construction projects without smart interfaces. Full access to the sensor network is the basis for a comprehensive “perception” of the mine.
“Perceived mines” not only improve the safety management level of mines, but also involve production, such as the use of information technology, network technology, and sensor networks to carry out coal transportation belts, coal silos, coal washing plants, water silos, and substations in mining areas. The perception and control of related equipment systems have greatly improved the automated production capacity of the mining area and is a model of the integration of “informatization and industrialization”.
2 “Perception Mine” System Structure
The integrated information system of coal mines combines advanced automatic control, communication, computer, information and modern management technologies, and integrates the control, operation and management of the production process of the enterprise as a whole, and provides overall solutions to realize the optimization of the enterprise Operation, control and management to improve the core competitiveness of the enterprise. Comprehensive automation is an effective means for coal mines to achieve high production and high efficiency, and plays an important role in improving coal mine production and operation conditions, safety levels, accident disaster prediction and forecasting, and production business management.
This plan is to launch an efficient, reliable and safe automated network system in response to the actual needs of the current coal mine. This system takes the mine comprehensive automation information platform as the main body, and adopts mining optical fiber industrial Ethernet ring network and industrial fieldbus technologies to jointly construct a comprehensive digital information transmission platform.
Sensing layer equipment consists of a large number of sensors that sense the environment, electromechanics, and personnel, such as wind speed, air volume, temperature, rotation speed, vibration, voltage, current, power, etc. sensors, methane, CO, CO2, O2, bolt pressure, drilling Sensors such as stress and roof separation environment, sensors for deviation, coal stacking, smoke, belt slipping, coal bunker level gauges, water level gauges and other sensors, cameras, RFID personnel positioning, etc. These sensors build a huge sensor network layer on the ground and underground in the mining area.
The network layer equipment mainly includes the gigabit optical ring network and network switch equipment, photoelectric conversion equipment, routers, firewalls, servers, etc., which are laid on the ground and underground, and the PHS network or Wi-Fi network used to achieve wireless coverage. The data network of the entire mining area.
The application layer is the comprehensive information system of the mining area, including the mining area 3D GIS system, integrated automation system, personnel management system, video monitoring system, short message management platform, mining area emergency command system, dispatching system, etc. The application layer software provides a variety of general data interfaces. On top of this, you can easily integrate the hoist monitoring system, safety monitoring system, mine communication system, emergency rescue communication system, video monitoring system, underground dispatching wireless communication system, and roadway The transportation system, the computer control system of the coal preparation plant, the main ventilator monitoring system, the pressure fan monitoring system, the central pump room monitoring system, the industrial TV system, etc. are seamlessly linked, and finally transmitted to the application layer through the industrial Ethernet platform for uniformity Management, as shown in Figure 1. Realize the informatization and automation of production links such as mining, excavation, transportation, wind, water, electricity, and safety in the mine, thereby optimizing production and management.
Figure 1 Perceived mine system structure
3 system features
Relying on the high-speed control network of the mine industrial Ethernet ring network, promote the comprehensive informatization of the enterprise by advancing the control of coal mine production process. That is to realize the automation of data collection, the integration of business information, and the network of information management, and finally realize the scientific, modern and intelligent coal mine management decision-making. The system construction features are as follows:
●Each production process is fully automated, and each production link is separately monitored in the information center to achieve the goal of high yield and efficiency;
●Follow the principles of advanced, reliable and practical, minimize investment and save costs;
●Strengthen the versatility of automation systems and information management systems in the coal industry;
●Realize the interface between the real-time database of production control and the relational database of information management, which can realize the barrier-free access of production data by the information system;
●The upper monitoring system software, network management software, etc. are developed based on the Web browser mode, supporting remote monitoring and maintenance;
●Provide effective network management and system monitoring, debugging, and diagnosis technology to ensure that the system maintenance and management are concise, convenient and effective, and can easily and timely find and eliminate the fault when the equipment fails.
4 case analysis
In view of the actual situation of the coal mine, based on the overall consideration of the information network, taking into account the original construction investment and future development needs of the coal mine, a complete set of perceptual mine system has been established in the Rujigou Mine. With the construction of this system, the mine-wide informatization management will be gradually realized, and finally the safety production and operation management level of the coal mine will be comprehensively improved.
The main production links included in centralized monitoring cover the entire process of production and safety, including: main coal flow transportation, underground water supply and drainage, 35 kV substation, ground substation, underground substation, mine ventilation, air pressure system, water supply and drainage , Water treatment, main shaft hoisting, etc. The main production links that need to be included in the centralized monitoring are: mine environment monitoring, fire bundle pipe monitoring and forecasting, fully-mechanized excavation face, nitrogen injection, grouting, etc. The network structure is shown as in Fig. 2.
Figure 2 The structure of the perception mine system of Rujigou Mine
The communication network platform of the comprehensive information system of the mine is Gigabit Industrial Ethernet, which is divided into ground Gigabit optical fiber ring network and underground Gigabit optical fiber ring network. The ground and underground ring network Ethernet switches are respectively connected to the ring network and are used for monitoring. Substation access provides 10 Mbit/s and 100 Mbit/s downlink interfaces. Each ring network has two logically independent single rings with opposite transmission directions and configured as self-healing rings with automatic switching.
The comprehensive automation of coal mines uses the idea of fully integrated automation to integrate the equipment monitoring of all production links in the mine, cooperates with the industrial television monitoring system, and uses industrial Ethernet to realize the monitoring of the production environment and equipment of the entire mine in the control room of the central information center on the ground. The monitoring and control of the mine; the information is transmitted to the mine-level leaders through the network, so that the mine-level leaders can understand various information such as safety, production, finance, personnel, operation, etc. at any time through the computer in the office, and realize the unified scheduling and unified management of the entire mine.
The coal mine data center server can be connected to the group information center through a dedicated line. The local center server serves as the data substation of the group center network to realize coal mine data collection and preliminary analysis. The processed data is sent to the information center, and the information center server performs unified processing or storage.
The program has a high technical starting point and strong pertinence. On the one hand, make full use of the coal mine’s existing automation equipment to integrate equipment from different periods, different manufacturers, and different levels of automation to achieve unified management; on the other hand, it has achieved the goal of comprehensive automation and comprehensive informatization in coal mines, and achieved domestic advanced technology. level. The implementation of this plan will definitely provide demonstration and reference significance for the comprehensive informatization and automation transformation of other old mines.
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