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I. Overview
Most oil wells in oil fields are located in various oil production fields. The monitoring and control of oil well working conditions has always been an important and difficult content of oil production fields. Most oil wells are inspected regularly by oil well inspectors or maintenance workers. With the modernized management of oil fields With the continuous improvement of the level, the early inspector method has been gradually replaced by the oil well unmanned station.
In this system, using our company’s wireless data transmission terminal products and related monitoring software (such as group software), the system’s wireless telemetry remote control host transmits the detected status of a single oil well to the monitoring center through wireless means, thereby realizing each The centralized monitoring of the status of a single well reduces personnel input, shortens the time for oil well fault discovery and troubleshooting, and greatly improves production efficiency. In addition, this system is also very suitable for oil pipeline leakage and oil theft monitoring. It has been used in many oil production fields and has achieved good economic and social benefits.
2. The basic structure of the system
The structure of this system is shown in the figure. The system is mainly composed of oil field monitoring center and oil well wireless telemetry remote control host, sensor, motor control and protection device, etc. The oil field monitoring center is generally set up in the mining department, team department or other monitoring and dispatching department; the oil well working status sensors mainly include temperature sensors, voltage sensors, motor current sensors, and monitored switch disconnection/closing sensors, which transform the working status of the oil well into The corresponding voltage or current value is sent to RTU. The system has an expansion interface, which can be increased according to the actual situation of the oil well.
The RTU consists of a high-performance single-chip microcomputer with A/D and D/A converters, a power management circuit, a battery power supply circuit and a wireless data transmission terminal. A/D conversion converts the analog signal sent by the sensor to indicate the status of the oil well into a digital signal, which is then wirelessly sent to the GPRS network by the wireless data transmission terminal to the monitoring center. The power management circuit is used to monitor the AC power supply, once the AC power is cut off, it will automatically switch to the animal battery to supply power. When the AC power supply is normal, the AC power supply is restored and the storage battery is charged, and the normal power supply of the RTU is always maintained.
After the monitoring center receives the signal from the oil well remote control and telemetry host, it amplifies and demodulates the digital signal and restores it to a digital signal to be sent to the central control computer for processing and calculation to monitor the oil well working conditions in real time. When there is an abnormality, the central control computer immediately sends a control command to the oil well remote control telemetering host to control the motor to stop for repair.
Three, the main function of the system
1. Monitoring of oil well working status
a. Monitoring the power supply voltage of the pumping unit b. Monitoring the power supply current of the pumping unit
c. Motor on/off monitoring d. Oil leakage and oil theft monitoring
2. Real-time fault alarm for oil wells
a. Voltage overvoltage and undervoltage alarm b. Current overcurrent alarm
c. Alarm for pumping unit shutdown d. Alarm for oil leakage and oil theft
3. Monitoring data statistics and printing. Power consumption, real-time computer display of fault conditions and printing of statistical reports.
4. Expansion function: The system has an expansion port, which can be increased according to oil well conditions and customer needs. Wellhead temperature monitoring, wellhead oil pressure monitoring, wellhead casing pressure monitoring.
4. System engineering equipment composition
1. Sensor components
2. Oil well wireless telemetering and remote control main unit (RTU)
3. Wireless data transmission terminal (GPRS KJ6520 DTU) 4. Monitoring center system software (configuration software)
5. Monitoring center computer
The oil well measurement and control system of Shenzhen Weilaishi Technology Co., Ltd. using GPRS as the channel is developed on the ultrashort wave system. The appearance is the same as that of the ultrashort wave. From the structure, it only replaces the ultrashort wave module with a GPRS module. Here is an introduction to the GPRS communication solution, which can be summarized as follows:
1. The equipment has built-in industrial-grade dual-frequency GPRS module, automatic switching, working frequency is 900MHz and 1800MHz, supports TCP/IP protocol, adopts UDP data transmission mode, and the module interface circuit has built-in GN500-GPRS1.0 protocol specially designed for GPRS transmission. The transmission takes up less bandwidth and less bytes to improve transmission efficiency and reduce costs.
2. Both the master station and the slave station equipment can use dynamic IP and fixed IP. When forming a small-scale monitoring network, both the master station and the slave station adopt the dynamic IP method, and the public network can save costs (no need to special Lease DDN and other dedicated lines); when forming a large network, the host can use a fixed IP and use a dedicated network to improve the efficiency of the system, but when conditions are not available, dynamic IP and public networks can still be used. At this time, the efficiency is only lower than the fixed IP 0.2%.
3. The equipment uses a high-power power supply to supply power to the GPRS module, and uses a large heat sink to ensure the reliability of the GPRS module’s long-term continuous operation, and an online backup battery can be selected to ensure normal communication in the event of a power failure.
4. The monitoring software developed by your company can be used in the center end, or common software such as KingView can also be used. In the same way, using CDMA1X as a channel is similar to GPRS.
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