chrispeng [ad_1]
1 Introduction
Fixed assets are one of the most important components of the assets of party and government agencies, the military, enterprises and institutions, and they are an important guarantee for the normal management and operation of various units. Strengthening the management of fixed assets, giving full play to the maximum benefits of fixed assets, and preventing the loss and idleness of fixed assets have received extensive attention from all units. The state has successively promulgated measures for the management of fixed assets in various industries such as central administrative institutions, medical treatment, and manufacturing. Ensure the integrity, preservation and appreciation of fixed assets, correctly calculate the quantity and value of assets, clarify economic responsibilities, supervise and promote the proper custody and reasonable use of fixed assets, continuously improve equipment utilization and intact rate, and give full play to the effectiveness of fixed assets. The core goal of fixed asset management. However, at present, fixed assets rely more on traditional manual management methods and means, and data collection and entry have always been manual operations, with low efficiency and high error rates. The use of barcode technology has improved this situation to a certain extent. However, due to the limitations of barcode technology itself, they cannot enter the asset management field in an all-round way. It can be clearly seen that the current fixed assets The management process has the following shortcomings:
The lack of business contact and business communication between the financial management department of fixed asset management and the physical management department makes the book unable to reflect the existence of assets; many units have a large number of expensive assets, but do not have an integrated information system, and lack valuable fixed assets Management information, the management of fixed assets is difficult, and the work efficiency is low; the asset card in the management of fixed assets does not match the physical assets; it is difficult to effectively control the loss of fixed assets; the asset inventory is time-consuming, laborious, limited in effect, and “clear before and after the chaos”; operating costs It is difficult to make timely and accurate accounting.
The rapid rise of RFID technology in recent years can completely change the above situation and make it possible to realize resource management quickly and efficiently.[1-2]. We have done research on the application status of RFID technology, and designed and developed a fixed asset management system based on RFID technology. Practice has proved that the use of RFID technology for fixed asset management can significantly improve the efficiency of fixed asset management and well achieve various management goals. For users, daily management operations have also become convenient and easy to use.
2. Technical advantages of RFID technology in fixed asset management
The application of barcodes in the management of fixed assets has been developed for many years, and its technology has been very mature. The use of such barcode labels to identify and manage various items is also widely accepted by everyone. However, with the spread of the Internet around the world, the automation of fixed asset management is getting higher and higher. Some characteristics of barcode labels can no longer meet the requirements of high-automation and intelligent management in the modern Internet era. Electronic labels with RFID technology are equipped with traditional barcode labels. At the same time, it can also meet higher automation requirements, just to replace the traditional bar code technology.This technology has become increasingly mature, and its application cost is getting lower and lower. It is more suitable to replace traditional barcode technology in some areas with higher requirements for automation.[3]. Compared with barcode technology, the advantages of RFID electronic label technology are:
Electronic tags have a long service life, are not afraid of oil stains, dust pollution and other harsh environments, and can work in harsh environments; reading data does not require a light source, and can even read data through external materials; reading distance is farther, not limited to line of sight recognition Distance; can write and access a large amount of data, writing time is less than printing bar codes; the content of the label can be dynamically changed; multiple labels can be processed at the same time; the data access of the label is protected by a password, and the security is higher; It can be easily embedded or attached to products of different shapes and types; it can track and locate the objects attached to the RFID tag.
The disadvantage of the RFID system is that the cost of tags is relatively high. However, with the continuous maturity and popularization of the technology, its application cost has gradually decreased. People in some management fields have begun to accept such costs. In terms of fixed assets, the cost of electronic tags is acceptable to people. RFID technology came into being with the improvement of modern fixed asset management’s requirements for efficiency, information flow and flexibility. Its application can improve the adaptability of fixed asset management to the environment, increase the degree of automation of management, and greatly shorten all aspects of asset management. Improve the efficiency of the entire business operation; and have the ability to collect large-scale data in real time, shorten the inventory counting time, and enhance the accuracy of the inventory; with the help of industry standards and information sharing, it can realize the tracking of assets in the entire circulation link and identify errors Links to further improve the management level.
3. System design plan
The fixed asset management system based on RFID technology designed in this article covers all traditional fixed asset management businesses, including fixed asset acceptance, addition, disposal, change, adjustment, distribution, inventory, statistics, analysis, accounting, reporting data, etc. Various functions, the design goal is to realize the automation of various management processes, so that managers can make statistics, query and grasp the real-time status and usage of assets.
3.1 The overall structure of the system
The fixed asset management system based on RFID technology adopts the B/S structure, and the data is uniformly stored in the data center server, and each department (or area) manages the business in the department (area) through the IE browser. The system hardware includes: data center server, regional management computers, printers, inbound/outbound readers, position readers, mobile readers, RS-485 interface cards, electric control doors, alarm detection devices, etc.
Among them, the data center server is the core part of the entire fixed asset system, which mainly includes fixed asset information database, department information database, asset knowledge base and other data. Each area management computer is used to complete the operation management of asset purchase, application, repair and maintenance registration in the area. The area management computer is connected to various readers through the RS-485 interface card and controls them. The position reader records and detects the location of assets in real time. The outbound/inbound reader controls the electric control door and collects assets. Inbound and outbound records, etc.
3.2 System software architecture
The software of this system adopts B/S structure, the software structure is shown as in Fig. 2. The asset information database, department information database, asset knowledge base and other data used in the fixed asset management system are all stored on the data center server, so that data sharing and unified maintenance can be realized. The various management functions of fixed assets can be operated on each regional management computer. Due to the B/S structure, each regional management computer is equivalent, and their operations are equal to the server, and all users can The operation function depends on the user’s authority.
The advantage of the software using the B/S structure is that it is more convenient to upgrade and maintain the system. The modification of the fixed asset software system only needs to be operated on the server, and no modification is made on the area management computer, which greatly reduces the workload of system maintenance. The data is concentrated on the data center data server, which is also convenient for data management and sharing. The data retrieved from the server at any time is the current latest data, which avoids the previous decentralized management method that may retain different versions of data on different computers. It is prone to inaccurate statistics.
The functions of the main modules in the system are as follows:
Only the system administrator has the authority to operate the user management module, and assign each user the authority that can be executed after entering the system. The permissions of each user are allocated in groups. The system divides users into super user groups, advanced user groups, management groups and ordinary user groups, and each group is given different permissions. When the system creates a user, first specify the user’s group, and assign all the permissions of the group to the user. On this basis, the user’s permissions can be further modified according to actual requirements, and some specific ones can be added or cancelled. Operation authority.
The purchase application module is operated by the management team of each department. The list of equipment to be purchased by the department is summarized and submitted to the asset management department. The management team of the asset management department manages the purchase application from each department through the purchase approval module. Reasonable applications shall be approved and submitted to relevant units for centralized or decentralized procurement. The operations of the application module and the application approval module are similar.
Asset storage and storage is an important part of asset management. There are many types and quantities of items, a large workload, and relatively easy errors. Errors directly affect subsequent operations and may also cause asset losses. The system adopts dual management of manual inspection and automated office, and strictly corresponds to the physical assets and asset card information to ensure that the data records in the system are consistent with the physical objects.
Due to the use of electronic tags, the operation of the asset inventory module is much simpler than the traditional inventory method, which is also the biggest feature of this system. For places where assets are centrally placed, such as warehouses, office areas, and production workshops, location readers can be used to easily read the information of each asset. You only need to issue an inventory operation command, and the inventory task can be completed within a few seconds. For places where assets are too scattered and not suitable for placement of location readers, handheld devices can be used to read, and the efficiency of inventory operations is also significantly improved compared to traditional methods.
Asset changes and maintenance, especially scrap management, are important links that are likely to cause asset loss. The system is set with higher authority, and only users in the senior management group have the approval authority. On the basis of traditional operation methods, functional modules such as query and statistics are equipped with more flexible operation and report methods, which facilitate the management and operation of users.
3.3 Key technologies in system realization
The fixed asset management system includes the main functional modules of fixed assets purchase application, warehousing registration, application registration, borrowing transfer, repair and maintenance, depreciation and scrapping, asset inventory, and status query. The difference in the realization of the traditional fixed asset management model is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
(1) Asset positioning: Due to the use of RFID technology, the management of fixed assets can support positioning in a wide range of places. The frequencies used by common readers when sending are basically divided into three ranges: low frequency (30kHz-300kHz), High frequency (3MHz-30MHz) and ultra high frequency (300MHz-3GHz). Using active electronic tags in higher frequency bands can reach a reading distance of tens of meters. After installing the position reader in each department or area (only 6 areas are drawn in Figure 1), you can read the fixed asset information within the scope of responsibility at any time. By using anti-collision technology, the system can also process multiple tags at the same time, that is, read the information of tags on multiple assets at the same time and transmit them to the management computer.
(2) Asset movement: Asset movement can track the position change information of fixed assets in real time. When a fixed asset enters and exits an area, it needs to pass through the location reader of the area. The reader records the information in the asset’s electronic tag, and the direction of the asset’s entry and exit is determined by logic, as shown in Figure 3. The management machine receives records and entry and exit signs, and modifies the database. If the asset enters a certain zone, the record will be added to the zone in the database; otherwise, the record will be deleted. This realizes the one-to-one correspondence between the actual location of the fixed assets and the information in the data center, which brings great convenience for managers to inquire, check, and find assets.
(3) Interface communication design: The management computer is connected to the warehouse reader/writer, position reader and mobile reader via RS-232 serial port or RS-485 interface card. The serial port parameter baud rate of the reader is 9600, 8 bits, and the command/response format is “length, command word, address, parameter, checksum”. The system uses the Windows API communication interface function to realize the data communication between the computer and the readers.
(4) Asset management in remote and scattered locations: For fixed assets in these locations, location readers are not suitable for installation, and the information is read using handheld devices such as PDAs and inventory machines for collection.
4 Conclusion
This article explains the efficiency and ease of use problems that need to be solved in the traditional fixed asset management system, analyzes the technical advantages of RFID technology in fixed asset management, and gives a fixed asset management system design scheme based on RFID technology, and then studies The key technology in the development and design of the fixed asset management system using RFID technology. Practice has shown that the use of RFID technology can help users establish a unified, effective, real-time, and electronic process asset resource management system. Through the networked centralized management operation mode, all departments can be connected, so as to realize the equipment from procurement to Life cycle management of scrapped. Effectively solve the problem of inconsistency between physical objects and asset cards, and asset cards and financial accounts. It can also realize business collaboration, asset information sharing, and multi-dimensional analysis, which can effectively allocate asset resources, give full play to the functions of existing resources, and provide a certain degree of support for asset investment decision-making.
[ad_2]
