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1. System significance
1.1 Real-time supervision and management of the nursing home staff (the information center can view the location information of the elderly, the number of the elderly, the information of the elderly in any room, the dynamic changes of the nursing home staff, the elderly asking for help in emergencies, warning information about entering dangerous areas, etc.).
1.2 Active early warning, solve the problem of lagging accidents, expose the hidden dangers of accidents in advance, and avoid accidents
1.3 Sudden scenes reappear, the Internet of Things technology and the existing video linkage can check the scene in real time, and provide a basis for the deployment of relevant personnel to solve the emergency in time
1.4 Reduce the workload of staff management in nursing homes, reduce labor costs, and improve work efficiency
1.5 Improve the information level of the management of nursing homes, promote the institutionalization, standardization, real-time and development of the management of the elderly in nursing homes, ensure the safety and stability of the elderly, and lay a solid foundation for the gradual realization of “intelligent all-round supervision” in nursing homes .
2. System architecture and program description
The nursing home personnel positioning system consists of three parts: the remote access control entry and exit management system, the APP positioning query system, the outdoor area positioning management system, and the indoor positioning system. It is to use modern technology to combine the actual situation of the existing nursing home personnel management to establish a set of functions such as real-time positioning of personnel area, personnel search, cross-border (dangerous area) alarm, video linkage, remote attendance, trajectory playback, and personnel button for help. system. Personnel positioning and remote access control access management system front-end information is collected and transmitted to the back-end management system by RJ45 or RS485. The back-end management system calculates the access control information according to the tag entry and exit sequence and the RSSI field strength value received by the reader Sequence and location of personnel; In places with WIFI coverage, the mobile terminal APP interacts with the background server to obtain real-time location information of someone through WIFI, so as to realize real-time location tracking;
2.1 Remote access control entry and exit management system
The ceiling-mounted positioning base station is installed at the entrance of the nursing home building, and two sets of 125K coils are led out, namely activation coil A1 and activation coil A2. When the elderly or visitors with dual-frequency electronic wristband tags enter the building gate, the distance from the activation coil A1 1 In the range of ~3.5 meters, the low-frequency activator sends out electromagnetic wave signals to activate the dual-frequency electronic tag. After the tag is awakened, it sends the ID information of the tag itself and the activation coil A1 to the ceiling-mounted positioning base station at a certain rate, and the reader receives it. Dual frequencyelectronic labelThe emitted radio frequency signal and the activation coil ID are transmitted to the background through the TCP/IP interface; when the person wearing the dual-frequency electronic tag enters the inside of the gate, the electromagnetic wave energy carried by the activator gradually weakens until the dual-frequency electronic tag can no longer be activated, and The activation coil A2 activates the dual-frequency electronic tag. Similarly, the dual-frequency electronic tag sends its ID information and the activation coil A2 to the ceiling-mounted positioning base station at a certain rate, and the reader receives the radio frequency signal sent by the dual-frequency electronic tag and the activation coil The ID is passed to the background through the TCP/IP interface, and the background wakes up the tag according to the low-frequency activator, and the ceiling-mounted positioning base station makes a judgment according to the order of reading the data and the ID number of the different activator antennas;
2.1.1 Remote access control access management system function
1) Permission setting: access permission setting for the access control for the elderly, unauthorized access for the elderly, the background automatically records the time of entry and exit, and can remind relevant personnel to pay attention or alarm through SMS to ensure safety;
2) Location tracking: real-time location of personnel entering and exiting the building, accurate information of personnel entry and exit time records;
3) Security guard against outsiders: visitor personnel, temporary authorization, planning and designation to arrive at the community building, illegal entry into other buildings, and timely alarm in the background;
2.1.2 Hardware components
1) Ceiling type positioning base station. Installed and fixed at the gate of the building, leading out two low-frequency antennas, used to activate dual-frequency electronic expressions, and at the same time the integrated reader to receive and transmit wristband tag data;
2) Low-frequency rod antenna or low-frequency cable coil antenna. The low-frequency antenna is connected to the ceiling-mounted positioning base station, which is used to activate the dual-frequency electronic tag to realize the judgment of personnel entry and exit;
3) Optical fiber communication system. Optical transmitters, optical receivers, optical fibers, repeaters, optical connectors, couplers, etc., together form an optical fiber communication system, which is used to transmit the radio frequency signals received by the reader to the monitor center.
2.1.3 Precautions for hardware installation
1) When installing the ceiling reader, pay attention to the installation height (usually 3-4 meters), and the waterproof connector (power connector, network connector, 125K low-frequency extension cable feeder connector);
2) The low-frequency rod antenna or low-frequency coil antenna is connected to the ceiling-mounted positioning base station through an extension cord. If the building width is less than 5M, use a rod antenna for installation. Install the activation antenna on the outside and inside of the gate, and the installation location is about 1.5 meters high from the ground. Location. If the width of the building is greater than 5M, in order to ensure the stability of activation, the installation method of buried low-frequency cable antenna is adopted, and the low-frequency coil is buried in the ground by cutting the ground. Low-frequency coils are deployed on the inside and outside of the doorway, and the interval between the two sets of coils is not less than 1.5M;
3) The installation of optical fiber communication system mainly pay attention to the waterproof of the connector;
2.2 Area positioning system for outdoor personnel in nursing homes
Outdoor area positioning adopts the method of measuring and calculating the connection signal strength (RSSI) between nodes, and using the spatial transmission attenuation model of wireless signals to estimate the transmission distance between nodes.
Measurement principle of signal transmission attenuation model
Architecture diagram of outdoor personnel area positioning system
In outdoor areas, such as main roads, outdoor open areas, etc., install 2.4G active omnidirectional positioning base stations, the coverage area of the positioning base station is 100m, personnel wear dual-frequency electronic tags, personnel enter the 2.4G reader identification area, and the tags are active The sent data is received by the reader and transmitted to the background for processing, through the measurement node (ReaderOr the method of link signal strength (RSSI) between AP and electronic tag), use the wireless signal space transmission attenuation model to estimate the transmission distance between nodes, and logical algorithm for processing, and finally calculate the positioning point data, the minimum positioning area is 6 to 8M area.
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