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1. System significance
1.1 Real-time supervision and management of the nursing home staff (the information center can view the location information of the elderly, the number of the elderly, the information of the elderly in any room, the dynamic changes of the nursing home staff, the elderly asking for help in emergencies, warning information about entering dangerous areas, etc.).
1.2 Active early warning, solve the problem of lagging accidents, expose the hidden dangers of accidents in advance, and avoid accidents
1.3 Sudden scenes reappear, the Internet of Things technology and the existing video linkage can check the scene in real time, and provide a basis for the deployment of relevant personnel to solve the emergency in time
1.4 Reduce the workload of staff management in nursing homes, reduce labor costs, and improve work efficiency
1.5 Improve the information level of the management of nursing homes, promote the institutionalization, standardization, real-time and development of the management of the elderly in nursing homes, ensure the safety and stability of the elderly, and lay a solid foundation for the gradual realization of “intelligent all-round supervision” in nursing homes .
2. System architecture and program description
The nursing home personnel positioning system consists of three parts: the remote access control entry and exit management system, the APP positioning query system, the outdoor area positioning management system, and the indoor positioning system. It is to use modern technology to combine the actual situation of existing nursing home personnel management to establish a set of functions such as real-time positioning of personnel area, personnel search, cross-border (dangerous area) alarm, video linkage, remote attendance, trajectory playback, and personnel button for help. system. Personnel positioning and remote access control entry and exit management system front-end information is collected and transmitted to the background management system. The background management system calculates the entry and exit sequence and personnel according to the tag entry and exit sequence sequence and the RSSI field strength value received by the reader Location; In places with WIFI coverage, the mobile terminal APP interacts with the background server to obtain real-time location information of someone through WIFI, so as to realize real-time location tracking;
2.1 Remote access control entry and exit management system
The ceiling-mounted positioning base station is installed at the entrance of the nursing home building, and two sets of 125K coils are led out, namely activation coil A1 and activation coil A2. When the elderly or visitors with dual-frequency electronic wristband tags enter the building gate, the distance from the activation coil A1 1 In the range of ~3.5 meters, the low-frequency activator sends out electromagnetic wave signals to activate the dual-frequency electronic tag. After the tag is awakened, it sends the ID information of the tag itself and the activation coil A1 to the ceiling-mounted positioning base station at a certain rate, and the reader receives it. The radio frequency signal and activation coil ID sent by the dual-frequency electronic tag are transmitted to the background through the TCP/IP interface; when the person wearing the dual-frequency electronic tag enters the inside of the gate, the electromagnetic wave energy carried by the activator gradually weakens until the dual-frequency can no longer be activated Electronic tag, and the activation coil A2 activates the dual-frequency electronic tag. The same dual-frequency electronic tag sends its ID information and the activation coil A2 to the ceiling-mounted positioning base station at a certain rate, and the reader receives the radio frequency from the dual-frequency electronic tag. The signal and the activation coil ID are transmitted to the background through the TCP/IP interface, and the background wakes up the tag according to the low-frequency activator, and the ceiling-mounted positioning base station makes judgments according to the order of reading the data and the ID numbers of the different activator antennas;
2.1.1 Remote access control access management system function
1) Permission setting: access permission setting for the access control for the elderly, unauthorized access for the elderly, the background automatically records the time of entry and exit, and can remind relevant personnel to pay attention or alarm through SMS to ensure safety;
2) Location tracking: real-time location of personnel entering and exiting the building, accurate information of personnel entry and exit time records;
3) Security guard against outsiders: visitor personnel, temporary authorization, planning and designation to arrive at the community building, illegal entry into other buildings, and timely alarm in the background;
2.1.2 Hardware components
1) Ceiling type positioning base station. Installed and fixed at the gate of the building, leading out two low-frequency antennas, used to activate dual-frequency electronic expressions, and at the same time the integrated reader to receive and transmit wristband tag data;
2) Low-frequency rod antenna or low-frequency cable coil antenna. The low-frequency antenna is connected to the ceiling-mounted positioning base station, which is used to activate the dual-frequency electronic tag to realize the judgment of personnel entry and exit;
3) Optical fiber communication system. Optical transmitters, optical receivers, optical fibers, repeaters, optical connectors, couplers, etc., together form an optical fiber communication system, which is used to transmit the radio frequency signals received by the reader to the monitor center.
2.1.3 Precautions for hardware installation
1) When installing the ceiling reader, pay attention to the installation height (usually 3-4 meters), and the waterproof connector (power connector, network connector, 125K low-frequency extension cord feeder connector);
2) The low-frequency rod antenna or low-frequency coil antenna is connected to the ceiling-mounted positioning base station through an extension cord. If the building width is less than 5M, use a rod antenna for installation. Install the activation antenna on the outside and inside of the gate, and the installation location is about 1.5 meters high from the ground. Location. If the width of the building is greater than 5M, in order to ensure the stability of activation, the installation method of buried low-frequency cable antenna is adopted, and the low-frequency coil is buried in the ground by cutting the ground. Low-frequency coils are deployed on the inside and outside of the doorway, and the interval between the two sets of coils is not less than 1.5M;
3) The installation of optical fiber communication system mainly pay attention to the waterproof of the connector;
1.2 Outdoor Area Positioning System for Nursing Homes Outdoor Area Positioning adopts the method of measuring the connection signal strength (RSSI) between nodes, using the spatial transmission attenuation model of wireless signals to estimate the transmission distance between nodes.
Measurement principle of signal transmission attenuation model
Architecture diagram of outdoor personnel area positioning system
In outdoor areas, such as main roads, outdoor open areas, etc., install 2.4G active omnidirectional positioning base stations, the coverage area of the positioning base station is 100m, personnel wear dual-frequency electronic tags, personnel enter the 2.4G reader identification area, and the tags are active The sent data is received by the reader and transmitted to the background for processing. By measuring the link signal strength (RSSI) between the nodes (reader or AP, electronic tags), the wireless signal space transmission attenuation model is used to estimate the nodes. The transmission distance is processed by a logic algorithm, and finally the positioning point data is calculated. The minimum positioning area is 6 to 8M.
2.2.1 The effect map of outdoor personnel positioning in nursing homes
Outdoors in the nursing home, people who need to be positioned and tracked should wear a special card electronic tag or wristband electronic tag. When passing a certain area outside the nursing home, the positioning base station equipment deployed outside the nursing home reads the tag data in real time and transmits it to the background for processing. , To inform the person’s current location information, the relatives of the person being located can query the current person’s location in real time on the indoor central control host or on the query machine or mobile phone APP.
2.2.2 Outdoor positioning system function
1) Smart property management
l Visitor management: By locating visitors and tracking and viewing their activity trajectories, security personnel can provide timely services to visitors, and at the same time, it can also improve the security level of the community;
l Security and cleaning personnel management: through RFID wireless positioning technology, you can see whether the security is patrolling in accordance with the specified line, and you can immediately notify the security to provide services for the elderly in a timely and convenient manner; you can view the location of the cleaning staff in real time, and can be accurate to the building
l Vehicle management: Through the positioning of ground vehicles, the nursing home staff can understand the number of vacant parking spaces in different parking areas on the ground of the community, so that the security personnel can promptly guide the temporary vehicles entering and leaving the community;
l Video linkage: The positioning system and the community monitoring system are linked. When an alarm event occurs, the system automatically pops up a video near the alarm point, so that relevant personnel in the nursing home can see the situation in real time in real time.
2) Smart home
l Applicable to the management function of nursing homes: monitoring the activity trajectory of family members associated with widowed elderly in nursing homes
l After wearing positioning tags for the elderly, if the elderly ran out of the nursing home without authorization, the system will automatically send an alarm to reduce the occurrence of cases of elderly loss;
l Relevant personnel in nursing homes can check the location of family members in real time through mobile APP or Web, accept active help messages sent by the elderly, and respond quickly.
3) Smart pension
l The dual-frequency electronic tag card has an alarm button. The elderly can touch the button to alarm at any time if they fall or other dangerous situations occur. The relevant personnel of the nursing home can receive the alarm information to avoid the danger from worsening.
l SMS reminder: Once the target leaves the key area or exit, or enters the dangerous area, send a text message to the relevant staff for timely processing. Our system reports real-time alarm information to the SMS push platform through API, provides trigger conditions, and finally the SMS system completes the sending of the SMS.
2.2.3 Hardware composition
1) The integrated reader is also called the positioning AP, which is installed and deployed at each video surveillance camera location point to bind the camera to receive the data information sent by the dual-frequency electronic tag in real time and realize video linkage.
2) Optical fiber communication system. Optical transmitters, optical receivers, optical fibers, repeaters, optical connectors, couplers, etc., together form an optical fiber communication system, which is used to transmit the radio frequency signals received by the reader to the monitor center;
3) Industrial-grade switches. Convert the UDP network of the multi-channel integrated reader (location AP) into the internal LAN of the unit, and gather the information to the server for calculation.
2.3 APP query positioning system
Personnel location, track positioning query display
The positioning engine supports both AP active scanning mode and terminal scanning mode, using the existing Wi-Fi signal coverage in the community, mobile terminals for signal access, and extended support for other Wi-Fi devices (such as laptops, PDAs, and Wi-Fi mobile phones) Etc.).
2.3.1 APP location query system function
1) Personnel location query tracking
By wearing the person’s card-type electronic tag or electronic wristband, enter the tag ID number of the person to be located in the mobile terminal (mobile phone, PDA, etc.), and display the person’s location information in real time.
2) Personnel track query
Enter the person’s name or tag ID number in the mobile device terminal to find the movement track of the designated person over a period of time.
3) Location navigation of personnel in nursing homes
By entering the start and end points, you can plan a route and navigate the location of personnel
4) Strengthen service management
Through the APP mobile terminal, you can quickly contact the management personnel, security, cleaning, and property management in the nursing home to obtain efficient services
5) Ensure the safety management of the elderly
The elderly wear location tags. If the elderly go out without authorization, the system will automatically send an alarm to reduce the occurrence of lost cases. Nursing home managers can also check the location of the elderly in real time through the mobile phone APP or WEP, and receive active help messages sent by the elderly. response.
6) Cross-border alarm,
Some areas belong to dangerous areas, such as swimming pools, computer rooms, etc., if unauthorized persons enter, an alarm message will be issued; it can also be set in some areas that some persons are not allowed to leave within a set time, if they leave or disappear System warnings, such as not being able to leave the nursing home within the specified time.
7) Video linkage
A camera can be bound to each positioning device, and the video of the area where the positioning device is located can be called by clicking the map of the positioning device on the map of the monitoring terminal. When there is a specific alarm, the system will automatically call up the video of the area where the alarm occurred.
2.4 Indoor positioning system for nursing homes
Realize indoor personnel area positioning, which can realize floor positioning and more accurate room positioning
Locate to the floor
In the nursing home building, the floor is the positioning unit, that is, you only need to know which floor the elderly is on. A dual-frequency ceiling-mounted positioning base station needs to be installed in the exit area of the stairs to ensure that the elderly get out of the stairs, no matter which floor they are from. It can be activated by one of the activation antennas when walking in any direction. Therefore, the activation antennas should be installed on the left and right sides of the corridor of the stairway and on the opposite wall. The activation antennas are rod antennas, and the installation location is about 1.5 meters high from the ground of this floor. , When there is a key area on the floor, the key area can be separated from the floor unit as another positioning unit on the current floor, and the positioning unit also needs to add a dual-frequency positioning base station.
The above figure locates the elderly on the floor of the equipment installation method
Locate the room
For more precise positioning, you also need to know which room on which floor the old man is in. In addition to installing equipment at the entrance and exit of the stairs, you also need to install a 125K rod-shaped activation antenna at a height of 1.5 at the entrance of each room. Install a single-frequency positioning base station, install a dual-frequency positioning base station in the corridor area, and extend 4 125K low-frequency antennas to the door of the room. The above picture shows the equipment installation method for positioning the elderly in the room.
High-precision positioning
It is necessary to know in real time which floor the old man is on and the specific location of which room, and then a high-precision base station must be installed in each required space.
2.4.1 Hardware composition of indoor positioning in nursing homes
1) Ceiling readers (2.4G single-frequency positioning base stations) are installed in each room to receive tag information entering the room in real time. Based on the signal strength (RSSI) method, locate the person in the room
2) Ceiling positioning base station (125K and 2.4G dual-frequency integrated machine) is installed in the corridor aisle, and 4 low-frequency activation coils are expanded. Judge people entering and leaving the room
3) High-precision positioning base stations (2.4G single-frequency high-precision positioning base stations) are installed in every space where positioning is required.
4) Card-type electronic tags or wristband-type tags, worn by the elderly to locate personnel, and push buttons to call for help in emergency situations
5) Optical fiber communication system. Optical transmitters, optical receivers, optical fibers, repeaters, optical connectors, couplers, etc. together form an optical fiber communication system, which is used to transmit the radio frequency signals received by the reader to the monitoring center.
2.4.2 Precautions for hardware installation
1) The ceiling reader (2.4G single-frequency positioning base station) is installed in the center of the room, and the ceiling installation method is adopted. Pay attention to the installation height of the reader (usually 3-4 meters), connectors (power head, network Connector) adopts 15V power adapter for power supply and transmission.
2) Ceiling positioning base station (125K and 2.4G dual-frequency integrated machine) is installed in the corridor aisle, four rooms share a device, and a 125K low-frequency antenna is installed at the door of each room. Pay attention to the ceiling positioning base station equipment Installation position and height, the entrance of each room is 1.5 meters above the ground to install the antenna
3) The high-precision positioning base station (2.4G single-frequency high-precision positioning base station) is directly installed on the top of the space to be positioned and powered by POE.
4) The installation of optical fiber communication system mainly pay attention to the waterproof connector.
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