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Chapter 1 Introduction
With the rapid development of the country’s economy, my country’s tunnel construction is changing with each passing day. As urban subways, railway tunnels and highway tunnels have improved route technical indicators, shortened distances and travel time, and increased operational efficiency, the country is constantly increasing the construction of tunnels; however, the construction cost of tunnels is high and the operation management is relatively complicated. Therefore, all places attach great importance to the construction of tunnels and dare not take it lightly.
The current remote information management system is often only the management of administrative and technical documents, and cannot obtain construction information in real time, let alone a comprehensive, timely and accurate grasp of the information of the construction site and construction personnel, which has led to many accidents. . For this reason, governments at all levels attach great importance to the safety of production in engineering construction and adopt a series of measures to continuously strengthen safety in production. How to change the current lagging management mode of safety supervision during tunnel construction and realize the modernization, informatization, and intelligence of management has become an important topic for managers to study.
Therefore, advanced management methods such as disaster prevention, accident rescue, and information management will be an inevitable choice for the safe construction of tunnels.
1.1 System introduction
This system focuses on the comprehensive tunnel management of various resources, and uses advanced technology to integrate and utilize the system under the premise of ensuring the normal application of the established system functions. Including video surveillance, personnel access and location management, personnel/vehicle access control systems, tunnel gas monitoring, etc. Maximize the use of resources to upgrade tunnel work and management to a more sophisticated management platform.
1.2 Design principles and basis
Overall design principles
The overall design is based on the needs of customers and fully integrates existing mature and complete technologies.
The tunnel integrated application system is a system involving video surveillance technology, sensor technology, LED display technology,Radio Frequency IdentificationAdvanced technology in many fields such as technology, so the overall plan design must have reliability, safety, advancement, flexible expansion, economical practicality, convenient operation and maintenance, and more forward-looking construction of overall unified management platform.
In the planning and design process, the system design aims at ensuring safe production, improving enterprise efficiency, and improving the quality of enterprise management, and takes high-quality service managers and users as the basic principles and design ideas.
Hardware design principles
The hardware design and selection of the system should follow the following principles:
Advancement: System hardware should be advanced to avoid low performance or premature elimination of the entire system due to obsolete technology in the short term.
Reliability: While fully considering the advanced nature, the hardware system should be based on the specific needs of users for the entire system, and should give priority to advanced, applicable and mature technologies to maximize investment benefits.
Openness: The choice of computer network and related products should be based on advancement and applicability, while considering compatibility.
Expandability: The system data acquisition equipment adopts modular structure and bus communication mode. When the system scale is expanded, no major transformation is required, and the corresponding modules can be added.
Software design principles
The software design and selection of the system should follow the following principles:
Reliability and safety: The system software should have high reliability and safety.
Ease of use: The system software should be easy to operate, using a Chinese graphical interface.
Standardization: The system software should comply with national, industry standards and international standards to facilitate multiple upgrades and support for new hardware products.
Scalability: The system software should be expandable. Adopting object-oriented structure design, it has certain flexibility, operability and expansibility. When the business changes in the future, the addition of modules and the modification of modules should not affect other modules.
In order to ensure the quality of the entire project, the overall plan design principles need to achieve the above-mentioned reliability, safety, advancement, flexible expansion, economy and practicality, and the convenience of operation and maintenance are highly unified.
Design basis standard
Design standards, based on strict compliance with relevant national or ministries or local implementation standards
GB/T 2887-2000 General Specification for Computer Sites
YD/T 1666-2007 remote videosurveillance systemSafety technical requirements
GB 10111-1988 Random sampling method using random number dice
GB/T 12758-2004 General technical conditions for urban rail transit signal system
YD 5079 Telecommunication Power Supply Engineering Installation Specification
GBJ79-1985 Industrial Enterprise Communication Grounding Design Code
GB50168-92 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Cable Lines of Electrical Installation Engineering
GA/T75-94 Security Engineering Procedures and Requirements
GA/74-94 Safety Protection System Applicable Graphic Symbols
GB50054-95 Low Voltage Power Distribution Design Code
YD/T926-2001 Standard of the Ministry of Information Industry
Ethernet 10Base-T standard
Ethernet 100Base-T standard
Chapter 2 System Composition and Working Principle
2.1 System composition
The tunnel integrated application system mainly consists of personnel entry and exit positioning management system, personnel/vehicle access control system, LED display system, video monitoring system and communication system.
Personnel entry and exit location management system attendance management
Positioning management
System remote management
Personnel/vehicle access control system access control barrier management
Personnel/vehicle credit card management
Gas monitoring Gas gas monitoring
LED display system LED large screen display
Video surveillance system tunnel entrance video surveillance
Video Surveillance
Remote video terminal service
Optical fiber transmission part of communication system
Wireless transmission part
Other cable transmission parts
2.2 Overall platform architecture of system application
◇ Based on the local system, realize the data communication of each functional module;
◇ Can have a remote center, which can query the relevant security information of the current tunnel in real time;
◇ Adopt a three-tier system architecture including front-end work point monitoring, intermediate communication layer, and background scheduling monitoring
◇ Front-end work point monitoring (personnel entry and exit positioning management system, video surveillance, personnel/vehicle access control management) and background dispatch (remote central computer room, server and some external docking platforms) adopt B/S application architecture.
2.3 Topology diagram of system network structure
2.3 Personnel Entry and Exit Positioning Management System
The personnel entry and exit management system can be divided into personnel entry and exit attendance management and personnel positioning information management. Mainly include monitoring host, card reader base station, personnel identification card, transmission data interface converter, etc.
Monitoring host (field server): an independent computer, responsible for the management, communication, statistical storage of the entire system equipment and personnel detection data, as well as screen display, query printing, screen editing, network communication and other tasks.
Card reader base station (card reader): collect and receive personnel card information in real time and feed it back to the system in real time through the communication line. It can be divided into positioning base station and identifying base station.
Personnel identification card: programmed with a globally unique identification code, which is only provided to the card reader base station for identification. It is generally installed on a safety helmet or worn on the body, health certification, safe and reliable
Transmission data interface converter: including some signal converters, which mainly realize the conversion of signals so that the system can better receive and process data
The general schematic diagram is as follows
Attendance system: Two card readers are installed in each construction tunnel. One card reader is installed at the entrance of the tunnel entrance, and the other card reader is installed 200 meters inward from the entrance of the tunnel. According to the sequence of the card read by the reader, the entry and exit situation of the construction personnel is judged, and when Entering, when leaving, and how many operators are in the cave can be reflected in the system software, and reflected on the large screen, so that the attendance status is clear at a glance. The construction personnel wear the system attendance card on the inside of the helmet, which can realize automatic attendance without actively swiping the card, which is convenient and labor-saving, and has high accuracy.
Positioning system: Install two card readers near the secondary lining trolley of each construction tunnel. One is installed before the trolley and the other is installed behind the trolley. Positioning of personnel working on the face of the tunnel. After the trolley, it is mainly responsible for the positioning of the personnel working near the trolley. ≧1000 meters, the excavated part exceeds 600 meters), the 2 sets at the entrance of the cave can also realize the positioning function, and the positioning in the cave can be recognized and positioned in real time with the operation of the trolley. The construction personnel only need to wear the system time attendance card inside the helmet without actively swiping the card. Within the effective recognition range of each card reader, the construction personnel will be located and identified according to the situation of the recognized personnel identification card, so that the management The personnel can grasp the specific situation of the construction site in time in the monitoring room. At the same time, the special personnel card can have buttons to realize two-way communication inside and outside the cave. When there is a dangerous situation in the cave, the button can be used to notify the duty room outside the cave in time for danger prevention and rescue. After obtaining the information outside the cave, you can also notify all the people with identification on the spot by broadcasting.
2.4 Personnel/vehicle access control channel system
The access control channel system mainly uses the automatic card swiping mechanism to restrict the entry and exit of personnel to ensure that non-workers are prohibited from entering and exiting the construction area privately. At the same time, it can also be used to ensure the authenticity and validity of the data and avoid the failure of attendance due to human factors or management errors. .Vehicle access control can improve the timely management and control of on-site vehicles and achieve more effective vehicle utilization
Host (on-site server): responsible for the management, communication, and statistical storage of the entire system equipment and personnel testing data
And tasks such as screen display, query printing, screen editing, and network communication.
Control board: collect and receive the information of the personnel card in real time, and feed it back to the system in real time through the communication line and generate instructions to control the swing gate, and control according to the validity of the data to ensure the normal entry and exit of personnel.
Barrier: Mainly installed at the entrance, restricting the entry and exit of vehicles
Ground sensing detector: timely detect whether there is a vehicle passing by, and send information to the control system to generate related linkage
Three-roller gate: also installed at the entrance of the tunnel, restricting the entry and exit of personnel
Card reader: a long-distance card reader, by approaching automatic card swiping method, to obtain the personnel/vehicle carriedelectronic labelThe card information is transmitted to the background control center.
Schematic diagram of personnel/vehicle access control channels
The use of the personnel/vehicle access control channel system can realize the diversion of incoming and outgoing people and vehicles to ensure a certain degree of safety in and out, as long as the personnel and vehicles are equipped with relevant electronic tags. When a person carries a personnel card (ie electronic tag) and is close to the personnel access control channel, that is, the three-roller gate, the built-in card reader can read the card information in time and send it to the background for verification. After the operation is passed, the command will be sent to the three-roller The gate is opened and let go, otherwise it will not change. For the vehicle access control system, it is also necessary to configure a vehicle card for each vehicle. When the vehicle passes through the passable area, it will trigger the card reading, and there is also ground sense trigger. When the card is read and ground sense triggered at the same time, the system will determine the vehicle If passage is allowed, the barrier gate will be opened. A single card reading or a single ground sense trigger, the system agrees that it is not allowed to pass.
2.5 Gas monitoring system
The environmental monitoring system focuses on the monitoring of hazardous gases, such as gas. Where gas monitoring is required on the excavation surface, install the corresponding gas monitoring device, and use the gas detector to monitor the gas in the area, so as to notify the background of real-time gas concentration information in time to ensure timely prevention, safety warning, and guarantee tunnels Work is more normal and safer.
The environmental monitoring system mainly includes monitoring servers, front-end perception monitors, transmission interface converters and other monitoring servers: it is mainly responsible for receiving, processing, and reflecting the relevant data returned from the previous monitoring equipment, and saving and checking
Look at the front-end perception monitor: generally refers to data collection equipment, such as gas monitors. It can collect on-site environmental parameters in real time, and transfer them back to the server in real time through the system communication system. Transmission interface converters: including some signal converters, which mainly realize signal conversion so that the system can better receive and process data.
Gas monitoring principle diagram
2.6 LED display system
It is better to install the large LED screen near the construction entrance, close to the gatehouse or the duty room, to display the information of subway construction personnel in real time, so that the management is advanced and transparent. The displayed content includes: tag number, name, time, total number of people, etc., so that leaders and supervisors do not need to go under the tunnel, and do not need to check the computer in the monitoring room to know the situation of the tunnel construction personnel in time. With the LED large-screen display system, not only can the information of the construction personnel in the various areas of the cave be visualized, intuitively, and clearly reflected. Moreover, during the on-site meeting, various welcome slogans and promotional slogans can also be displayed on the big screen; in normal times, the construction staff can be reminded to pay attention to construction safety through the big screen, and warm reminders can be promptly provided in severe weather such as high temperature and frost. . These can fully reflect the humanization, modernization and scientific management of the tunnel construction project department.
System composition: server, synchronization system card, LED display
Server: Mainly realize the editing and control of the displayed content
Synchronous display system card: the core part of the system, realizes the display content of the computer and the LED screen simultaneously.Compile and transmit the signal
LED display screen: assembled by modules composed of 32X16 led light dots (P10 single red) array, the size of the assembly can be selected according to the actual situation
Schematic diagram of LED large screen system
2.7 Video surveillance system
The network video monitoring system includes front-end video capture equipment, network video codec, communication transmission equipment, and back-end monitoring and receiving client software. Installed at the main monitoring points of the tunnel to perform signal collection and transmission. The software is mainly installed on the computer in the monitoring room. The two are authorized by the platform management center system to perform multi-point to multi-point real-time monitoring and management of their front-end video points. Such as: video, pan-tilt, zoom, video, and other functions. Users with administrative rights can also set, download, and perform real-time video on-demand operations on any point of video; the system can also be monitored through a PC browser.
It can be seen from this that the network monitoring system uses surveillance cameras to monitor the tunnel construction sites in real time for 24 hours. For some key video points, the video motion detection function and alarm function can be activated. The system automatically recognizes, triggers, and records according to the image movement (there is a pre-recording mechanism, and the pre-recording time can be advanced by more than 20 seconds); at the same time, the system will image, Real-time data such as sound and alarm are transmitted to the computer in the monitoring room. Managers can freely switch the video of any front-end monitoring point through local monitoring, remote IE monitoring, WEB web client and other methods, and can intuitively understand and master the video monitoring points of the construction. Real-time situation, so as to achieve timely and accurate supervision of it anytime, anywhere.
In actual tunnels, cameras are generally installed on the face of the tunnel and near the opening to display real-time monitoring of the monitoring area, allowing managers to more directly understand the situation on the spot.
System composition: server, camera, video server, transmission data interface converter and communication transmission part
Server: The monitoring platform terminal displays the information returned by the system, and controls the cameras at each monitoring point through the platform software, and provides multiple functions such as recording, playing video, and pan-tilt control.
Camera: Front-end monitoring equipment, real-time collection of signals. Provide PTZ equipment to realize the change of camera angle and provide omnidirectional three-dimensional monitoring.
Video server: It mainly realizes the conversion of the analog signal of the sound and image into the digital signal for transmission, and then transmits it back to the monitoring platform through the communication line.
Transmission data interface converter: including some signal converters, which mainly realize the conversion of signals so that the system can better receive and process data.
Communication transmission: It is mainly composed of some RVVP cables and network cables to realize the timely transmission of video signals.
2.8 Communication system and background system
According to the actual environment of the site, a variety of communication systems are selected on site, including wired communication, wireless communication and optical fiber communication systems, and various communication systems are reasonably matched to ensure the best and most reasonable communication transmission.
The back-end system adopts the most cutting-edge TV wall technology according to the demand analysis, and presents the data on the TV wall in a timely manner through platform services for the administrator to analyze and process in time
2.9 System integrated remote management
Utilize the network communication of each tunnel port, can realize the remote monitoring center data to check in time.
Chapter 3 System Features
3.1 Core features
The system can realize the full-line tunnel management and control of the railway under construction, from the general headquarters to the project departments and then to the tunnel sites, with level-by-level authority management. The general headquarters is responsible for issuing unified cards, unified equipment, unified management, unified display of high-definition remote video on the wall, and centralized monitoring of timely tunnel personnel information data.
This system follows the principle of “unified card issuance, unified equipment, unified management”, and the system of “one person, one card” is implemented for the staff and teams in the tunnel, and the sensor can be regarded as a “post certificate” or “tunnel access card” “.
(1) Tunnel management and control of all railway lines under construction
All stations and tunnels are connected to the central platform, and data is uploaded in time;
The general headquarters can query the current working status and related data of any station or tunnel in time;
Visual TV wall and high-performance server provide intuitive data and image information
(2) Hazardous gas monitoring function in the cave:
It can be prevented in time, so that early detection and early treatment can be achieved to ensure the health and safety of employees;
Strong timeliness data, convenient time period data report display;
(3) The real-time dynamic display function of the staff in the cave:
The number of operating personnel at a certain location in the cave at any time, and the specific information about the number of operating personnel;
Query the actual location of one or more people in the cave;
Record a series of information such as the arrival/departure time and total working hours of relevant personnel at any location, which can supervise and implement whether important inspectors conduct on-site inspections on time and at the point, or conduct various data detection and processing, fundamentally Try to avoid related accidents caused by human factors
Realize multi-point sharing for multiple leaders to view at different locations at the same time.
(4) Automatic alarm function:
Special restricted areas can be set. If people enter, the real-time sound alarm will be displayed and the people entering the restricted area can be set; or special dangerous areas can be set to automatically alarm when the number of workers exceeds the specified number, and the warning information will be sent to the senior management in time personnel.
(5) Personnel track query:
Can find the path that a person has gone through in a certain period of time, and draw the line trajectory in the picture
(6) Abundant attendance ability:
It can perform statistics on the staff at the entrance and exit, realize the staff attendance record, and establish various information reports about the staff entering and exiting the tunnel (such as: entry and exit time report, attendance monthly report, overtime report, absence report, etc.)
(7) Post-disaster first aid information:
In the event of various accidents, the upper computer can immediately display the number of personnel, personnel information, and personnel location at the accident site, which greatly improves rescue efficiency and rescue effectiveness
(8) Vehicle and equipment management:
Vehicle access statistics, positioning, and the specific location of other important equipment
3.2 System characteristics
1. High safety and stability: health qualification certification, with the characteristics of explosion-proof, dust-proof and anti-interference
2. Fast recognition of multiple cards: 100 card information can be recognized at the same time within a range of 50 meters, and the recognition speed of objects can reach 200 km/h
3. Strong adaptability: it can cooperate with various transmission networks such as light intensity, Ethernet, 485 bus, etc.
4. Abundant query reports: It is convenient for management personnel to operate to the greatest extent
5. Two-way alarm function: the construction personnel can call the monitoring center through the label button; the monitoring center can also send information to the label. (The function of two-way card, one-way card does not have this function)
6. Remote access: The real-time situation of the tunnel can be viewed remotely on any computer with Internet access, without the need to go to the scene.
7. Strong visibility: through the external large LED screen display, you can know at any time how many people are in the cave and who these people are
Chapter 4 Software Functions
4.1 Overview
The tunnel personnel positioning system software adopts the current advanced VC.net development platform, combined with the powerful SQL SERVER database.The network monitoring software based on the B/S structure can browse, query, and print relevant information such as the location of construction personnel and attendance management on the network through the IE browser. At the same time, according to the different permissions, the restricted operations under the relevant permissions can be performed to ensure Stable system operation
4.2 Function description
The safety entry and exit management system of tunnel personnel integrates the four functions of personnel entry and exit time and attendance positioning function, video monitoring, ambient gas monitoring function, and LED display. Location, with functions such as selective tracking, real-time tracking, location query and personal positioning.
Selection tracking: select specific personnel such as various departments and types of work, and grasp their working conditions on the spot
Real-time tracking: real-time display of the location status and origin of each person inside the tunnel.Can clearly reflect its activities
Location tracking: select a monitoring segment or monitoring point, you can display the distribution of people or vehicles in this area
Personal positioning: display the movement trajectory of a specific person and display its historical movement direction
Attendance statistics function
Through the records and statistics of the staff entering and exiting the tunnel, as well as the stay working time in each area of the tunnel, complete the attendance information query and statistics of individuals, departments and cadres in the entire district, and output various information reports according to requirements (such as : Time report, attendance monthly report, etc.)
Video Surveillance
Real-time display of the image of the monitoring location, the monitoring is more intuitive and clear
Provide PTZ mode to view, the monitoring is more specific and three-dimensional
Video storage is convenient, and video recordings within one month can be consulted.
The external performance is powerful. It can realize alarm linkage with the system.
Environmental gas monitoring
Obtain the current gas composition and proportion in the tunnel in real time according to the time period
Graphical display, more objective and direct
Can query historical record information
Alarm threshold can be set, management is more convenient
LED large screen display
Synchronously display the monitoring data of the system, which is more direct and vivid
Abundant program arrangements can be carried out, highly user-friendly
Easy to use, easy to understand, convenient and quick to operate
Staff management function
Staff management function: add, delete, modify and query staff
Hardware information management function: manage the card reader base station and substation names, and enter the personnel identification card information
Real-time alarm function
It has the functions of real-time display of alarm information and historical alarm query. The alarm content includes important content such as card reader base station failure, insufficient card battery power, overtime in dangerous areas, intrusion into restricted areas, etc.
Safety monitoring function
Track the movement trajectory of safety monitoring personnel in the tunnel, record their stay time in each area and each monitoring point, so as to ensure the strict implementation of safety monitoring work
Regional prohibition management function
When unauthorized personnel enter some important places or dangerous places and other prohibited areas, the system will give prompts and warnings, and save relevant information records at the same time
Emergency handling function
In the event of an emergency in the tunnel, the system can count the missing persons in time, query the information of persons near the accident site, and quickly determine the accurate location of the persons, so as to carry out search and rescue work in a timely and effective manner
Historical data query and report printing function
Long-term storage of tunnel personnel location, personnel tracking, attendance statistics, safety monitoring management, system operation management and other information can be stored, and historical records can be easily inquired.
Can query and print information according to time, department, etc.
Information networking function
By establishing a WEB server, information sharing can be achieved by browsing web pages. The client does not need to add any additional software, and provides WEB browser access, ensuring that remote users can timely understand and grasp the actual situation on the spot, and arrange future production work. guide.
Rich case experience:
Project name, construction unit, project function
Safety attendance and LED display of China Railway Tunnel Group in Hangzhou Metro Tunnel Project
Huzhou Tunnel Project China Railway Seventeenth Bureau Group Safety Attendance, LED Display
Jingning County High-speed Tunnel Project Zhejiang Provincial Transportation Engineering Construction Group Video Surveillance, Safety Attendance, LED Display, No Card Alarm
Chongqing Tunnel Project, China Railway Tunnel Group First Co., Ltd. Trolley Branch, safety attendance, LED display, and no card alarm
Safety attendance and LED display of CCCC Second Branch of Gansu Tianshui Tunnel Project
Safety attendance and LED display of China Railway 25th Bureau of Jiangxi Jinggangshan Tunnel Project
Sichuan Guangyuan Tunnel Project China Railway Seventeenth Bureau Group Video Surveillance, Attendance Positioning, LED Display, Management System
Shanghai Rail Transit Line 13 Tunnel Project China Railway 16th Bureau Group video surveillance, LED display, cardless alarm, management system
Attendance positioning, video surveillance, LED display, management system of China Railway 18th Bureau Group of Lanxin Railway, Minhe County, Haidong District, Qinghai Province
Yongding County Tunnel Project: Video surveillance, attendance positioning, LED display, cardless alarm, management system of the Fourth Branch of China Railway Tunnel Group First Division Co., Ltd.
Shaoguan Railway Tunnel Project China Railway Tenth Bureau Group Co., Ltd. Video surveillance, attendance positioning, LED display, cardless alarm, management system
Shanghai Qingcao Shaling Bridge Branch C3 Standard Tunnel Project China Railway 16th Bureau Group Video surveillance, security attendance, LED display, cardless alarm, management system
Ningde Ningwu Expressway Tunnel Project China Railway Tunnel Co., Ltd. Security Attendance, LED Display, No Card Alarm, Management System
Shanxi Luliang Tunnel Project China Railway Seventeenth Bureau Group Video Surveillance, Attendance Positioning, LED Display, Management System
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