Application of RFID automatic identification technology in parking lot entrance guard management system
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The access control system applies RFID radio frequency identification technology, which can realize that vehicles with effective RFID electronic tags do not stop, which is convenient and time-saving, and improves the efficiency of intersections; more importantly, it can monitor the vehicle entry and exit of the community or parking lot in real time. Accurately verify the identity of people, vehicles and vehicle owners, maintain regional public order, and make the security management of the community or parking lot more humane, informational, intelligent, and efficient.
Based on the characteristics of RFID radio frequency identification technology, the application model of RFID radio frequency identification technology in the access control system is proposed, and the realization of software and hardware is emphasized. The system has the advantages of high recognition accuracy, strong anti-interference ability, and reliable communication.
RFID (RadioFrequencyIdentification) technology is the specific application and development of automatic identification technology in radio technology. Its basic principle is to use radio frequency for non-contact two-way communication to achieve the purpose of identification and data exchange. So it can be realized. Multi-target recognition, moving target recognition and remote real-time monitoring and management. The communication distance can be from a few centimeters to several tens of meters. Its main advantage is that it has strong environmental adaptability and is less affected by rain, snow, hail, dust, etc. It can work around the clock, and it can complete automatic identification, tracking and management without contact. Penetrate non-metallic objects for identification, with strong anti-interference ability.
With the continuous improvement of living standards, cars began to enter the family in large numbers. With the rapid increase in the number of cars in Chinese cities, the management of vehicles has become a problem. For effective management of vehicles, the core issue is how to identify vehicles. This article introduces an access control system based on RFID radio frequency identification technology. The application of RFID technology to the management of access control can effectively realize the rapid and reliable identification of vehicles and make the management of access control in security efficient and intelligent.
1 System hardware configuration
The radio frequency access control system consists of six parts: vehicle-mounted RFID electronic tags, car sensing coils, radio frequency interfaces, signal processing, control systems and management systems.
1.1 RFID electronic tags
RFID electronic tags are usually called transponders. It stores the basic information of the vehicle and the owner, and is installed on the vehicle as a passive tag. When the RFID electronic tag enters the electromagnetic wave query signal coverage area of the UR5206 UHF electronic tag reader, the energy obtained by the RFID electronic tag through the induced current sends the information stored in the chip to the reader, and the effective reading distance is 6 10m.
1.2 UHF reader
The UHF reader YXU1861 includes two modules: radio frequency interface and signal processing.
The radio frequency interface is mainly responsible for signal transmission and reception. It receives the command signal from the signal processing and control system, converts the command signal into an electromagnetic wave signal and sends it out; at the same time, it also receives the electromagnetic wave reflection signal from the RFID electronic tag, and converts the electromagnetic wave reflection signal into a digital signal and sends it to the signal processing module. Decoding processing.
The signal processing module is mainly responsible for processing command signals and RFID electronic tag data signals. It receives the command signal from the management system, encodes the command signal and sends it to the radio frequency interface, which is converted into an electromagnetic wave signal and sent out; at the same time, it also receives the RFID electronic tag data signal from the radio frequency interface, and transfers the RFID electronic tag data signal After being decoded, it is sent to the management system.
1.3 Management System
The management system is mainly responsible for processing user information RFID electronic tag data and control system information. It controls and manages the system according to user instructions, receives data from the signal processing module and control system, and sends the instruction signal to the signal processing module and control system. At the same time, the management system can communicate with the security center through the network.
1.4 Control system
The control system is mainly responsible for the communication control of the gate mechanism. It receives command signals from the management system, controls the gate mechanism, and feeds back the gate status to the management system. That is, if the data read from the RFID electronic tag is analyzed as a legal passer by the management system, it will signal to the control system to open the gate and let it go.
1.5 car sensor coil
The car sensing coil selects the ground sensing loop type detector. The detector is a vehicle detector based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Its sensor is a toroidal coil buried under the road and passing a certain working current. When the vehicle passes through the circular buried coil or stops on the elbow of the circular buried coil, the iron of the vehicle cuts the magnetic flux lines, causing the change of the inductance of the coil loop. The detector can detect the existence of the vehicle by detecting the change of inductance. The response time of the detector is 100ms, and its various performance characteristics can ensure that the system can accurately and quickly detect the arrival of the vehicle, and output signals to the computer through the digital I/O card to start the reader.
2 System software design
The software system mainly includes two parts: the signal processing and system management of the reader. The signal processing module software uses C language, the system management software uses Visual C++ (VC) programming, and the database uses Microsoft SQL Server 2000.
2.1 System workflow
The basic working process of the radio frequency entrance guard system is shown as in Fig. 2. The system is initialized first, and the reader sends an interrogation signal at a certain time interval, which is transmitted by the radio frequency interface module. When the RFID electronic tag enters the electromagnetic wave query signal coverage area of the reader, the RFID electronic tag (transponder) will send its own information back to the reader after receiving the query signal. After the reader signal processing module receives the serial number, Carry out vehicle identification. First, the anti-collision processing is performed to establish a communication channel, and then the data information is decoded, and the information is sent to the database for verification after the decoding. If the verification is correct, send a signal to the control system; if there is an error, provide an audible and visual alarm. In this process, if the management system does not send an end command, it will end a recognition process and start the next cycle.
2.2 Management software design
The system runs on a PC machine. The application program on the PC collects serial port data and verifies the received data in accordance with the communication protocol. If the verification is wrong, the signal processing module is required; the data is retransmitted; if the verification is correct, the license plate number in the vehicle tag information is extracted and compared with the vehicle information in the database. If the extracted license plate number exists in the database, the information is sent to the control system; the control system is responsible for the operation of the gate (access control) system, and the basic information of the currently passing vehicle is displayed on the application interface; if the extracted license plate number If it does not exist in the database, the manager will be notified of the alarm.
The database is the core part of the system, mainly set up 3 kinds of basic tables to store information. The tables and fields are defined as: Vehicle and owner’s basic information table: owner’s name, owner’s ID card, owner’s unit, card ID number, license plate number, car model, car brand, body color, etc.; vehicle traffic record table (temporal and spatial information): Vehicle card ID number, passing date and time, number of passes, etc.; system operation record table: fault code, fault time.
3 system function
3.1 Long-distance recognition: Because the recognition distance can reach 10m, and the signal penetration ability of the system is strong, the owner’s vehicle with the card can enter and exit at a faster speed, and the driver does not need to park, roll down the window, or extend the arm to approach the reading Card machine and other operations greatly improve the efficiency of traffic. The administrator provides a temporary ID card for temporary vehicle entry and exit.
3.2 Double card confirmation: This system implements that the driver carries a card, which can be used for access control. One card is installed on the car, and the system recognizes the signals of the two cards at the same time, and then releases it, achieving the dual insurance function.
3.3 The system automatically records the time and place of passage: When the card holder enters and exits, the computer will automatically record the pass record, and the record cannot be deleted, which is convenient for querying, statistics and various report generation of vehicles and personnel entering and leaving the community, thereby eliminating mistakes , Forgery and cheating.
3.4 Temporary vehicle automatic billing: After the card is read, the fee is automatically calculated according to the admission time and charging standards. The administrator provides a free parking card for special vehicles. The free parking card has special settings and cannot be counterfeited.
In short, the application of RFID radio frequency identification technology in the access control system can realize that vehicles with effective RFID electronic tags do not stop, which is convenient and time-saving, and improves the efficiency of intersections; more importantly, it can conduct real-time vehicle access to communities or parking lots. Monitor, accurately verify the identity of the vehicle and the owner of the vehicle, maintain regional public order, and make the security management of the community or parking lot more humane, informatized, intelligent and efficient
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