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1 Introduction
1.1. Background trends
The opportunities and challenges of the Internet, after decades of rapid development in global communication networks, can basically meet the needs of people to communicate anytime and anywhere, and the communication between things and things, things and people, and the upper application of this Internet of things Basic development needs are emerging. In some traditional industries, new technologies such as sensing can be used to improve the level of industry informatization and improve industry efficiency.
In Singapore, the government takes the lead to implement electronic license plates for vehicles in the entire city, integrating functions such as identification, parking management, and deductions. Vehicles can enter and exit any parking lot or highway in the city without stopping. The government-built information management platform has the same payment and deduction. Speeding up travel efficiency, getting information about road conditions from time to time to optimize the traffic structure, Singapore’s electronic license plate application is mature and extensive, and can be used as a reference for the development of my country’s electronic license plate business.
Based on comprehensive management level, market demand, and forward-looking considerations, we believe that the electronic license plate system will be a pioneer in the development of Internet of Things technology. The development of the electronic license plate system will also promote the development of intelligent transportation in the entire city.
1.2. The necessity of system construction
In the traditional electronic system of public security traffic police, video recognition technology is widely used to identify license plates, including electronic police and security monitoring systems. Video recognition technology has greatly improved the work efficiency of public security traffic police and provided effective technical means for social security. But in the course of use, many problems appeared. On the one hand, the technology cannot identify counterfeit license plates, license plate alterations and concealment, and other illegal vehicle use occasions; on the other hand, the automatic license plate recognition rate of video recognition technology will be affected by light and environment, and in many cases, manual assistance is required to recognize images. .
Radio Frequency IdentificationThe introduction of technology can effectively make up for the shortcomings of video recognition technology. Radio frequency identification technology can effectively prevent counterfeiting, alteration and concealment of license plates. Radio frequency identification technology is not affected by brightness and environment, and has high-speed processing capability (roadside equipment can accurately read electronic license plate information under the condition of a vehicle speed of 200 km/h), and can be used for traffic safety supervision, vehicle trajectory tracking, and traffic volume In various applications such as information collection and release, vehicle inspection and law enforcement, parking lot supervision, etc., it effectively improves the efficiency of traffic police on duty and traffic management.
1.3 Principles of System Construction
1.3.1 Standardization
Construct in strict accordance with the national standard GB/T20851 “Special short-range communication for electronic toll collection”,
1.3.2. Compatibility
The system design strictly follows the requirements of national standards, and all data formats and interfaces are designed according to standards. In addition, the software and hardware of the system adopt modular design, and the data transmission between modules adopts standard transmission protocol. The upgrade of any one module will not affect the normal application of other modules in the short term.
1.3.3. High reliability
The system is designed in strict accordance with relevant national standards and industry standards, and the main equipment is selected from mainstream products at home and abroad, with strong reliability and stability. At the same time, the system guarantees the system’s ability to resist and recover from external interference through functions such as automatic operation monitoring, parameter backup, smooth restart, and remote upgrade.
1.3.4. Ease of maintenance
With the equipment self-inspection function, the inspection data is sent to the command center at regular intervals. The command center can easily find equipment failures by consulting the equipment self-inspection data, equipment alarms and other information.
1.3.5. Scalability
As the needs of the system will continue to develop, the requirements for system functions and system construction will also continue to increase. Therefore, in terms of system design, not only can it fully meet the requirements of users at this stage, but at the same time, its strong application potential is also It provides an interface for users to upgrade the system in the future, so that users can expand more functions without making any changes in the future.
1.3.6. Security
The system has anti-virus, anti-misoperation characteristics, password protection and debugging functions, strong anti-interference and anti-static capabilities, and provides data backup and recovery measures. The system will also provide user-level authority protection, effectively eliminating the interference of human factors. Data transmission and sharing are encrypted. All data transmission and sharing are realized by using encryption technology to effectively prevent external intrusions.
1.3.7. Advancement
Based on an efficient and mature design concept, based on advanced RFID technology, through reasonable design and integration, the technical content and advanced nature of the electronic license plate system can reach the first-class level, and it can maintain a long-term vitality.
1.3.8. Openness
Open system structure. The functional platforms all adopt an open architecture with strong compatibility and expansion capabilities. The system structure and configuration are flexible, and the interconnection is convenient; the system has a large room for expansion and upgrade space, which belongs to expansion, reorganization, and update. As long as local adjustment and configuration are carried out, it can adapt to the needs of later engineering construction.
2. Overall design plan
2.1. System composition
The system is mainly composed of electronic license plate, fixed reader, mobile reader, vehicle inspection system, image capture intelligent recognition unit and central integrated information platform and other equipment, as shown in Figure 1.
figure 1
Install electronic license plate certificates on vehicles (cars, motorcycles, electric vehicles, etc.), which can read and write, and can support the input of vehicle information, such as the owner’s name, whether annual inspections, whether there are violations of fees, etc., to give full play to its automatic identification and The advantage of dynamic information collection enables effective vehicle identification. The moving vehicle becomes a uniquely identifiable object in the information system, and its physical location can also be monitored in real time. The advantages of electronic license plate certificates in dynamic automatic identification have improved the existing static vehicle supervision mode and achieved precise vehicle management. Through the dynamic information collected by vehicles, the urban road network can be dynamically monitored, and the road traffic conditions can be grasped in time, creating conditions for the targeted implementation of urban traffic flow macro-control and real-time adaptive control of intersections.
Install a large number of electronic license plate reader devices at traffic intersections, key road sections, residential areas, public places, etc., to achieve intensive detection of electronic license plates. Traffic police, urban management, public security, etc. can also be equipped with handheld terminals (hand-held readers) and vehicles The inspection system is constantly connected to the central data collection platform through GPRS. The central data collection platform processes the data, and the final processing results are sent to the central integrated management platform and sent to the handheld terminal in the form of instructions at the same time, in an intelligent and scientific way. Traffic police, urban management, public security and other government departments provide strong technical support for carrying out law enforcement work, combating the theft of vehicles, and hunting down criminals.
2.2. System function
2.2.1. Vehicle management
An electronic license plate is installed on the vehicle, and the electronic license plate is read through the reader, and you can clearly know the owner’s name, license plate number, vehicle type, whether there is arrears, whether the annual inspection, whether it is scrapped, whether the car is black, the owner’s contact information, etc. Information, combined with the intelligent recognition unit for image capture, can effectively check and control license plate vehicles, and can quickly and conveniently conduct unified management of vehicles in a city.
2.2.2. Vehicle location tracking
After the vehicle is equipped with an electronic license plate, when the vehicle passes through the area where the reader is installed, it will be recognized by the receiving device in this area, and the camera will be triggered to take photos and collect the evidence, and it will be automatically saved directly to the server of the integrated management platform through the network cable. When you need to know the vehicle information, you can call the data in the database at any time to facilitate the relevant law enforcement departments to obtain evidence.
2.2.3. Parking lot management
Install an electronic license plate reader at the entrance and exit of the parking lot. When a vehicle equipped with an electronic license plate enters the parking lot, the system automatically registers the relevant information and starts timing. When the vehicle leaves the parking lot, the fee is automatically paid. The whole process does not require manual intervention. The realization of intelligent entry and exit can greatly speed up the efficiency of unit travel, and at the same time leave relevant entry and exit records in the system to facilitate future inquiries. It can make independent vehicle entry and exit judgments, and can also send related vehicle entry and exit data to the integrated management platform. Using the integrated management information platform, you can always grasp the parking situation in the entire city, release parking information in time, and induce the public to park in a fast and scientific manner. Way to solve the current parking problem. This function can also be used in community parking management, roadside parking management and other occasions.
2.2.4. Non-parking charges
Installing electronic license plate readers at entrances and exits such as high-speed or elevated highways around the city, opening up green channels for vehicles equipped with electronic license plates, and implementing non-stop toll collection will not only speed up traffic efficiency and reduce congestion, but also improve service quality.
2.2.5. Speed measurement and traffic statistics
When a vehicle equipped with an electronic license plate passes through two intersections with readers installed, the time sequence of its passage will be recorded, so that the average speed of the relevant vehicle can be calculated. Statistics on the electronic license plates passing through a certain monitoring point can get traffic flow data. Statistics and analysis of these data can help decision makers make adjustments to the traffic strategies of the relevant road sections.
2.2.6. Dangerous goods transportation management
Some vehicles transporting dangerous goods (such as inflammable and explosive goods, dangerous chemicals, toxic substances, etc.) are equipped with electronic license plates, and the electronic license plates are marked with special marks to monitor the entire transportation process of dangerous goods in real time, and In some specific areas, the entry of these vehicles can be restricted. Once they enter in violation of regulations, they can immediately report to the police, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of some hazards.
2.2.7. Multiple certificates in one, payment and deduction
The electronic license plate certificate equipped with the vehicle has the function of reading and writing. It can write the information of all paper certificates currently on the market into the electronic license plate certificate. Through cooperation with financial institutions, it can carry out automatic settlement functions such as recharge and deduction. Carry out multiple encryption to ensure the security of information.
3 System advantages
3.1 Strong compatibility
The hardware equipment conforms to the national standard GB/T20851 “Special short-range communication for electronic toll collection”, and the software adopts an open system structure, which has strong compatibility with other systems and can realize seamless connection.
3.2. Strong scalability
When the function is expanded, only the central software needs to be modified, and the front-end hardware equipment does not need to be modified. The system can also be upgraded remotely, which is convenient for maintenance.
3.3. Automatic warning of insufficient battery energy for electronic license plate
When the system detects that the battery of the electronic license plate is insufficient, the system will automatically prompt each time it is used so that the user can replace the electronic license plate in time.
3.4. Adopt advanced “dual chip electronic label + dual interface CPU card” technology
It adopts reusable non-contact IC card, non-contact CPU card and dual interface CPU card, and built-in safety authentication module, which is easy to use, safe and reliable.
3.5. Multiple certificates in one, convenient payment and deduction
Adopting multiple certificates in one technology and cooperating with financial institutions to avoid the cumbersome office work of paper certificates, and users do not need to bring various cards and certificates when they go out.
3.6. The combination of radio frequency detection and video detection, with strong extended functions
The combination of radio frequency detection and video detection technology can effectively check and control illegal driving behaviors of unlicensed cars, black cars, unlicensed cars, escape cars, etc., and realizes high-definition imaging. All kinds of information are detailed and the evidence of violation punishment is sufficient.
4 The main equipment of the electronic license plate system
4.1 Electronic License Plate
Electronic license plates mainly include six modules: power supply module, 2.4GHz antenna, microwave transceiver module, processor module, security module, and general information storage module. Traditional license plate information and paper license information are stored in the security module in digital form.
Specific parameters of electronic license plate:
Recognition distance: 0～150 meters adjustable
Recognition speed: 200 km/h
Recognition ability: 200 frames per second anti-collision performance
Recognition method: omnidirectional recognition
Fixed gain: 0～3 levels can be selected on demand
Working frequency: 2.4GHz
Service life: 3-8 years, optional high-performance battery
Power consumption standard: working power is microwatt
Communication rate: 250Kb/s~1M
Communication mechanism: Based on HDLC time division multiple access and synchronous communication mechanism
Anti-interference: channel isolation technology, multiple devices do not interfere with each other
Security: Encrypted calculation and security authentication to prevent link detection
Packaging characteristics: ABS engineering plastic, resistant to high-strength drops and vibration
Environmental characteristics: Working temperature -40℃ ～85℃ Working humidity <95%
Anti-demolition: anti-demolition (alarm) function can be provided as required
Reliability: Waterproof and shockproof, meeting the requirements of industrial environment
Size: optional
Shape: round/ellipse/square card type, etc., can be customized according to requirements
Installation method: double-sided adhesive paste or hanging buckle
Working mode: The electronic license plate adopts “active mode” to work, and actively transmits signals to readers
Device. The frequency of sending is adjustable.High-energy button type lithium battery/soft
Pack battery, capacity is optional.In a standard environment, the energy provided by the battery can guarantee electricity
Sub-license plates will continue to work for 3-8 years.
Recognition accuracy rate: the recognition accuracy rate is 99.999%; it can ensure that all recognitions are not missed in a very short time
read.Communication security: When the electronic license plate communicates with the supporting reader, use
Use a special communication protocol to verify the legitimacy of the device to prevent data cracking
A rigorous encryption algorithm has been developed to ensure data security during the communication process.
Reliable work: The product fully considers the application requirements of industrial environment such as lightning protection, waterproofing, and impact resistance;
The production process is strictly in accordance with the ISO9001 quality standard for multi-step quality inspection to ensure
The products that users get fully meet the performance requirements.
4.2. Stationary reader
The fixed reader mainly includes seven modules: power supply module, 2.4GHz antenna, microwave transceiver module, processor module, security module, general information storage module and interface module. It adopts waterproof and dustproof design, full plastic sealing, and the communication protocol adopts multi-layer encryption technology, which is reliable and safe.
Specific parameters of the fixed reader:
Recognition distance: 0～200m radius
Recognition speed: 200 km/h
Recognition ability: Recognize more than 500 electronic license plates at the same time
Recognition angle: omnidirectional/directional
Polarization mode: vertical polarization/circular polarization/dual polarization
Gain: 14dBi, 32 levels adjustable for receiving, 4 levels adjustable for transmitting
Working frequency: 2.4GHZ
Power consumption standard: working power is milliwatt
Communication mechanism: Based on HDLC time division multiple access and synchronous communication mechanism
Anti-interference: channel isolation technology, multiple devices do not interfere with each other
Security: Encrypted calculation and security authentication to prevent link detection
Packaging features: ABS engineering plastic on the front, aluminum alloy cavity on the back
Reliability: Thunderproof, waterproof and shockproof, meeting the requirements of industrial environment
Interface standard: RS485 Wiegand26 RJ45 or WiFi, etc., various development software interfaces
Expansion I/O: 2 channels of switch signal input and output (optional)
Power standard: DC 7.5～12V 500～1000mA
Installation method: hoop binding
Working mode: The working mode of the reader is “passive or active”, and the reader is in general use
In the receiving state, receive the signal sent by the “active” electronic license plate in real time, and
Transfer the received data to the background management system.It can also be used in special applications
Write data or change parameters for sub-license.
Recognition distance: in conjunction with the “active” electronic license plate, in a good visual environment, the most
The large recognition distance can reach a radius of 200 meters. Can be adjusted by software.
Recognition speed: within the effective recognition range of the reader, the electronic license plate is operated at a maximum speed of 200Km/h
When running at a low speed, stable recognition can be ensured.The reader can read more than 500
Electronic license plate on the board.
Communication protocol: When communicating with the supporting electronic license plate, a special communication protocol is used to communicate with the equipment
The legality is verified, and a complete encryption algorithm has been developed to prevent data cracking.
Ensure the safety of communication process data.
Reliable work: The product fully considers the application requirements of industrial environment such as lightning protection, waterproofing, and impact resistance;
The production process strictly follows the ISO9001 quality standard to carry out multi-step process control, fully
Ensure product performance and quality.
Interface standard: The reader can provide RS485 weigand26 RJ45 three standard hardware interfaces.
4.3. Handheld reader
The handheld reader is controlled by a high-speed embedded controller, which mainly includes seven modules including embedded CPU, touch display module, microwave transceiver module, security module, information storage module, GPRS wireless communication module and interface module, traffic police, urban management, Public security and other personnel can easily read the relevant information of the nearby electronic license plate at any location.
Specific parameters of the handheld reader:
Data collection: 2.4GHZRFID module
Gain: 5dBi, 32 levels adjustable for receiving, 4 levels adjustable for transmitting
Recognition distance: 0~150 meters (flexible and adjustable)
Recognition direction: omnidirectional
Wireless network: standard WIFI, optional built-in GPRS/CDMA module/Bluetooth
Other options: infrared/GPS/photograph/vibration measurement function/two-digit barcode
Data backup: SD card and FLASH double backup
Battery: 3.7V, 3200mAh rechargeable lithium battery, backup battery 17mA (guaranteed data 6
Do not lose within hours), run for more than 8 hours (depending on the application environment), built-in battery tube
The management software monitors and debugs the battery status.
Power consumption standard: WIFI 1.2W, GPRS 1W, scanning 0.2W, RFID 0.4W, system 0.3W, backlight 0.3W
Industrial grade: IP54 (IEC60529), 1.2 meters drop resistance
Ambient temperature: Use: -15°C to 50°C Storage: -20°C to 60°C
Physical interface: USB, infrared
Expansion storage: Standard 2G SD card (maximum support 16GB capacity)
Dimensions: 190(length)×80(width)×25(thickness) mm
Display part: 100mm×80mm×25mm
Keyboard part: 90mm×60mm×25mm
Weight: 380 grams (including battery)
Service life: 5-8 years
Certification: Passed China’s national compulsory product 3C certification, passed CE certification,
Radio transmission equipment type approval certificate issued by the Ministry of Information Industry
Product features: 1. Rugged and durable; 2. Beautiful appearance, light weight, ergonomic design, excellent
Professional image style 3, built-in one-dimensional, two-dimensional barcode scanner, saving data input
Access time; 4. It can support 3 communication modes at the same time: WLAN, GSM/GPRS,
Bluetooth, data transmission through wireless technology is even more — zero time difference; 5. Built-in RFID
Read and write function, support for low frequency, high frequency and ultra high frequency; 6. Integrated GPS global positioning
System, the positioning accuracy is 10 meters; 7. Infrared temperature measurement module can be integrated, the accuracy is ±0.1
℃, measuring range: -30℃～+650℃; 8. Built-in 1.3 million pixel camera;
9. It can be integrated to measure the vibration spectrum, displacement and acceleration of the equipment (optional module).
Working mode: The working mode of the reader is “passive or active”, and the reader is in
Receiving status, real-time receiving the signal sent by the “active” electronic license plate.special
In the application, data can also be written to the electronic license plate or performance parameters can be changed.
Recognition distance: in conjunction with the company’s “active” electronic license plate, in a good visual environment,
The maximum recognition distance can reach a radius of 150 to 200 meters.
Communication security: when the reader communicates with the supporting electronic license plate, a special communication protocol is used,
To verify the legitimacy of the equipment, a complete encryption has been developed to prevent data cracking
Algorithm to ensure data security during communication.
4.4. Intelligent recognition unit for image capture
The intelligent recognition unit for image capture is mainly composed of intelligent high-definition cameras. The intelligent high-definition cameras integrate intelligent algorithms such as vehicle video detection algorithms, license plate recognition algorithms, and traffic statistics algorithms. The reader collects electronic license plate information while the intelligent high-definition cameras also perform The collection of vehicle information, including the characteristics of the vehicle and its drivers, license plate number information, the system integrates the information collected in the two ways, not only can effectively distinguish unlicensed cars, black cars, stolen cars, etc., but also can be punished Provide direct evidence.
Specific parameters of the intelligent recognition unit for image capture:
Vehicle detection method: video detection (internal realization of smart high-definition camera)
License plate information extraction method: video detection (internal implementation of smart high-definition camera)
Picture pixels: 5 million (2448*2048) pixels or 2 million pixels (1600*1200)
Imaging frame rate: 9 frames/S (5 million pixels) or 15 frames/S (2 million pixels)
Capture rate: 3 98%
License plate recognition rate: ≥95%
Power input: 12V/1.2A
Physical interface: Ethernet, BNC, 485, USB
Extended storage: Standard 2G SD card (maximum support 32GB capacity)
Average trouble-free working time: ≥30000h
Working temperature: Use: -20℃ to 70℃
Working humidity: 20% to 90%
5 Electronic license plate production-label installation method, electronic license plate function
5.1 Electronic license plate-electronic label installation method and function
Function One
Install a long-distance 2.4GHz electronic tag on the license plate. When a vehicle with a 2.4GHz electronic license plate installed passes a road/intersection with a 2.4GHz reader/writer, the information of the vehicle will be displayed on the side of the road/intersection. The 2.4GHz reader/writer is uploaded to the monitoring center platform in real time.
Synthesis method of electronic label and license plate;
When the electronic label module and battery are laid out on the license plate, there are no special requirements, and they only need to be flat after installation. The 2.4GHz antenna layout needs to be 0.5cm away from the aluminum plate license plate (lifetime: 3-5 years)
Function one;
In order to extend the one-time installation and use time, a solar charging version can be installed (lifetime: 10-15 years). (Pictured above)
Function two:
In order to prevent the license plate from being removed/exchanged by private persons or criminals, the electronic license plate can also be equipped with an “anti-disassembly function” so that the traffic control department will make it easier for the traffic control department to query relevant information.
A 2.4GHz electronic anti-theft license plate is installed on the vehicle. When a vehicle with a 2.4GHz electronic anti-theft license plate passes through a road/intersection equipped with a 2.4GHz reader/writer, the vehicle’s information will be replaced by the 2.4GHz on the side of the road/intersection. The reader is uploaded to the monitoring center platform in real time.
When the 2.4GHz electronic anti-theft license plate on the vehicle is removed privately, the anti-theft function on the 2.4GHz electronic anti-theft license plate on the vehicle will immediately send out an anti-theft signal (continuously issued) when the vehicle enters the installation with When the 2.4GHz reader/writer is on the road/junction, the car’s information and anti-theft information will be uploaded to the supervision center platform by the 2.4GHz reader/writer on the side of the road/junction in real time.
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