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Network toll collection is a major trend in road network charging in various provinces. Most provinces have implemented IC card-based road network charging systems. In a networked toll collection system, accurate account splitting and settlement are the key to ensuring the interests of highway owners, and complete and clear driving path data is the basis for accurate account splitting. At present, the expressway network is becoming more and more developed. In the same road network, starting from the same starting point and reaching the same destination, there can be multiple different paths (ambiguity paths) for selection, but the current toll system can only identify the starting point Information and destination information, without route information, can not be settled according to the actual driving route, resulting in uneven distribution of interests of expressway owners, which has become a major problem of networked toll—the problem of ambiguity path identification.
The highway RFID ambiguous path identification system of Jinyi Technology combines the advantages of radio frequency identification technology and IC card technology, and uses wireless path automatic identification to accurately record the driving path of the vehicle in the road network, which effectively solves the problem of multiple road network toll systems. The problem of sense path recognition can realize the application function of road network tolling and the application function of ambiguity path recognition at the same time.
This system consists of an on-board electronic tag (OBU), a desktop reader/writer (ODU) and a roadside antenna device (RSU). Among them, the vehicle-mounted electronic tag is composed of a microprocessor, a storage unit, a radio frequency module, an antenna unit, a high-energy battery, an IC card, etc., and has a 433MHz wireless communication function and an IC card function. The desktop reading and writing machine is composed of a microprocessor, radio frequency module, antenna unit, IC card reading and writing module, IC card reading and writing antenna, host computer communication module, power supply, etc. It has 433MHz wireless communication function and IC card reading and writing function. The roadside antenna equipment consists of a microprocessor, radio frequency module, power amplifier, antenna unit, remote control module, and power supply module, and has a 433MHz wireless communication function.
The whole system has the advantages of long communication distance, high sensitivity, high reliability, and low cost. In addition, the system workflow is compatible with the existing electronic toll collection mode, which can be realized by upgrading the existing IC card charging system, which significantly saves investment.
The advantages of this system scheme are specifically manifested in the following aspects:
1) Integrating the advantages of radio frequency identification technology and IC card technology, it can accurately record the driving path of the vehicle and make the system workflow compatible with the existing charging mode, which is very suitable for complex road network charging with ambiguity paths.
2) The implementation of this system can be realized by a smooth upgrade on the basis of the existing IC card charging system, and it can be mixed with the IC card in the road network at the same time, effectively protecting the original investment.
3) This system uses a 433MHz wireless link for communication. It has the characteristics of long communication distance and strong ability to overcome obstacles. It belongs to a public frequency band and does not need to apply for a radio license, so it is easy to apply.
4) The coverage area of the roadside antenna equipment can be flexibly set. Only one antenna equipment needs to be installed on a road section that needs to be marked, which effectively saves investment.
5) Roadside antenna equipment is installed on the roadside or above the road surface by gantry installation, no additional civil works are required, and construction and installation costs are saved.
6) The system adopts a non-stop, high-speed, free-flow path identification method, which solves the problem of ambiguity path identification without affecting the efficiency of the road network.
7) The wireless communication sensitivity between the roadside antenna equipment and the vehicle-mounted electronic tag is as high as -109dBm, and the communication distance is 0~300m. When the vehicle travels at a speed of 0 ~ 200km/h, the communication between the roadside antenna device and the on-board electronic tag is stable and reliable, which is very suitable for highway use.
8) The desktop reading and writing machine integrates the IC card reading and writing function and the radio frequency communication function, which is small in size and quick and convenient to operate.
9) On-board electronic tags and desktop reading and writing devices all support IC cards such as contactless logic encryption cards that have been widely used in the transportation toll industry, so that the implementation of the system can make full use of the existing charging mode and charging system.
10) The on-board electronic tag adopts the mechanism of mutual conversion between sleep mode and working mode under different conditions, which greatly reduces power consumption.
11) Vehicle-mounted electronic tags are small in size, low in cost, and easy to promote and apply on a large scale.
2. Design principles
The system follows the following basic design principles:
1) Normative principles-The design should follow international and domestic standards, specifications and related regulations.
2) The principle of safety-the designed system must meet safety standards.
3) User-convenience principle-The developed system not only meets business needs, but also has better practicability; design from the user-first perspective to ensure user-friendly use.
4) The principle of easy maintenance-the system adopts modular design, which is easy to install, configure, maintain and use.
3. The working principle of the system
The main workflow of the highway RFID ambiguous path recognition system is as follows:
The movement of vehicles in the road network mainly includes three stages: road network entrance, road driving, and road network exit. The system records the detailed path information of the vehicle at each stage through the on-board electronic tag, desktop reading and writing equipment and roadside antenna equipment. Accurately calculate the amount of tolls that the vehicle should pay, and accurately split the tolls collected according to the vehicle’s driving path, so that the road network tolls and the distribution of benefits become very fair and reasonable.
3.1 Road network entrance
At the entrance of the road network, the desktop read-write device performs data interaction with the on-board electronic tag through wireless communication under computer control, clears the information in the on-board electronic tag storage unit, and writes the vehicle entrance information into the IC card module of the on-board electronic tag. . The vehicle-mounted electronic tag is then placed on the vehicle and moves with the vehicle in the road network.
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