Intelligent transportation system scheme based on the combination of RFID technology and SIM card
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In recent years, with the rapid growth of automobiles, especially private vehicles, traffic demand has continued to increase, while urban traffic infrastructure construction and traffic management are relatively backward, which has led to frequent occurrences of traffic congestion in cities, especially large and medium-sized cities. In recent years, the average number of cars in domestic cities has been increasing at an annual rate of more than 15%, and it may be even faster in the future. The average annual increase of roads is only 4% to 5%. The growth of roads is far behind the growth of cars, and urban traffic congestion has experienced unprecedented rapid growth.
Mere measures such as increasing the construction of transportation infrastructure, expanding the area of roads, and increasing police resources have failed to effectively solve the problem of traffic congestion. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce new technologies, combine the mobile phone SIM card with RFID radio frequency technology, and establish a set of mobile phones as the carrier, with the combination of SIM card and RFID technology as the technical principle, which can obtain dynamic traffic information in real time and publish it to the car owner’s mobile phone. Intelligent transportation system.
Based on the above content, it is proposed to build a set of intelligent traffic information collection, analysis, and real-time display system based on the principle of RFSIM technology. The system can effectively relieve urban traffic pressure, reduce environmental pollution, reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, save energy, and real-time traffic information release, etc. It has important theoretical value and good application prospects.
1. RFSIM technology
(1) Basic principles of RFSIM technology
RFSIM is the abbreviation of Radio Frequency Identification (RadioFrequencyIdentification) and mobile phone SIM card, namely radio frequency identification SIM card. RFSIM technology was first used in mobile payment systems and is currently one of the technologies used in mobile payment systems. RFSIM can be installed on mobile phones to realize the purpose of medium and long-distance identification and short-distance financial payment. The SIM card is the abbreviation of (SubscriberIdentityModel customer identification module) installed in the mobile phone. It is also called a smart card or a user identification card. The digital mobile phone must be installed with this card before it can be used. RFSIM expands the functions of traditional mobile phone SIM cards through the built-in RFID chip in the SIM card, and is the basic carrier for the multi-purpose mobile phones in the future.
RFSIM uses a radio frequency communication method. It embeds a module with RF radio frequency function in the extra card base space of the SIM card, uses 2.4G microwave frequency for data communication, and realizes an active RFID card through mobile phone power supply. The use of RFSIM technology can realize functions such as electronic wallet, online payment, identity recognition, electronic bills, electronic documents, and situational OTA, realize the unification of various internal management functions, and make management more standardized and efficient. Its technology is being widely used in various industries. In the daily life and consumption payment of government, enterprise, business and individuals. Among them, RFID technology is one of the best and most widely used technologies in automatic equipment (AEI) technology. It has the advantages of easy operation, simple and practical, strong anti-interference, high recognition rate, good read and write distance, and high security performance. RFID technology has important applications in systems such as automatic vehicle identification and non-stop electronic toll collection.
(2) Development status at home and abroad
RFID technology has developed rapidly abroad and is widely used. The application of Sweden’s RFID technology has greatly improved the development of the city’s transportation system. The traffic congestion in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, is very serious, so the Swedish authorities announced a “road congestion tax” in early 2006. With the help of IBM, Stockholm has set up 18 roadside control stations on the road leading to the city center. By using RFID technology and the use of lasers, cameras and advanced roadside systems for free traffic, vehicles entering the city center are automatically identified. , Automatically collect taxes on registered vehicles entering and leaving the city center between 6:30 and 18:30 from Monday to Friday (except holidays). The collection of “road congestion tax” reduced traffic flow, reduced traffic congestion by 25%, reduced traffic queue time by 50%, reduced road traffic emissions by 8% to 14%, and reduced carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions by 40%. %. RFID technology has also been successfully applied in Ireland’s natural environment. In the “Wisdom Bay” project in Galway Bay, Ireland, the system obtains information from sensors mounted on hundreds of buoys and obtains text messages from fishermen to learn about dangerous objects floating on the water. The information is used in various channels, including avoiding fishing boat crashes, sending water rise warnings to Galway Bay administrators, and helping fishermen sell their caught fish directly to restaurants, so that they can get higher profits.
The application of RFID in China is also very extensive. At present, RFID technology and its applications are in a period of rapid rise, and are recognized by the industry as one of the most promising technologies in this century. RFID technology has been widely used in automatic vehicle identification, non-stop electronic toll collection systems, equipment (logistics) automatic identification systems, access control identification systems, and commodity anti-counterfeiting identification systems. Therefore, the application of RFID technology to achieve real-time traffic information acquisition, and on this basis to achieve services such as dynamic navigation, has good technical conditions and market conditions. Practice has proved that the use of radio frequency technology in urban traffic systems can well improve traffic conditions, improve road management efficiency, and increase road traffic capacity.
2. Intelligent transportation system based on RFSIM technology
(1) System composition and architecture
Apply RFID technology to the urban traffic management system to form an intelligent traffic management system, which mainly includes: RFSIM card and mobile phone, medium and long-distance RFID card reader, intelligent electronic police, communication network, database processing platform, central management System servers and other systems. Its basic composition is: the identity of the RFSIM card is unique in the world, and each car owner’s mobile phone card uses a SIM card with an embedded RFID chip, and the identity of the card is associated with the corresponding license plate number in the database management system Bind to form an electronic license plate; install a set of long-distance RFID readers and smart electronic police in each direction of urban traffic intersections, and number each reader; control the readers, smart electronic police and traffic lights The device is connected to the remote central management system server through the Ethernet controller; the server is optimized with a database to realize real-time fixed-point collection of information on urban roads, and the fixed-point instantaneous speed, time, model, and license plate obtained by the RFID reader , Flow, through data inspection, matching and fusion algorithms, converted into the section average speed, traffic flow, and travel time of the road section where the information collection unit is located. Then use methods such as operations research, short-term traffic flow prediction models, and car-following models to realize the analysis and prediction of the urban traffic network status, and use the road network status discrimination technology to realize travel dynamic route guidance and travel time estimation. Finally, the road network information can be displayed on the screen of the mobile phone or the STK package text message can be used to realize the voice prompt, which is convenient for the driver to grasp the traffic information of the whole road section and realize safe and fast travel.
(2) The working principle of the system
The mobile phone communication system based on the RFSIM card can realize the function of medium and long-distance wireless communication, which can replace the RFID carrier installed on the vehicle. The technical principles based on the RFSIM card mobile phone communication system are:
The RF module uses 2.4G frequency to realize data exchange and adopts the ISO14443 standard;
The RF module is loaded on the ordinary GSMSIM card, and the SIM communication function remains unchanged;
Support UMTS/CDMAUIMandPHSPIM standard;
Compatible with existing GSM/UMTS;
The data between RF-SIM and RFID reader is consistent with the principle of standard RFID card and reader;
RF14443 is used within the range of the Bluetooth spectrum and does not need to be licensed;
SIM/UIM/USIM/PIM-used in standard mobile phones, the purpose is to store user information, identity authentication and provide storage space for SMS;
The Sim tool suite is a series of commands used to command the interaction between the SIM card and the outside, which is also called the STK toolkit;
The STK tool software is used between RFSIM and the mobile phone to obtain real-time road network information through the STK toolkit, and the realization of road network information on the mobile phone is controlled through the screen and keyboard (information real-time reminder and display function);
The RFSIM card is powered by the mobile phone to realize the problem of medium and long-distance RFID card reading.
Using radio frequency technology, the card reader installed at each traffic intersection can read the traffic flow in each direction of each traffic intersection in real time. Combined with the database platform of the control center, the vehicle passing through each traffic intersection can be determined Information; According to the traffic volume on the traffic road, the optimal control of the traffic signal delay of certain streets can be implemented to achieve the purpose of optimal control; by reading the information the time when the vehicle passes the card reader, it can be obtained by simple calculation The running time required for each road section, and then the analysis of the traffic operation status; the intelligent electronic police system based on digital image processing technology can automatically identify the illegal vehicles at the traffic intersection, and the ID number read by RFID technology can be used to determine the specific Information about illegal vehicles and vehicle owners; statistics of vehicle parameters and models at various traffic intersections, so as to perform statistical analysis on the traffic conditions of the entire city, so as to provide a basis for future urban traffic construction and planning.
At the same time, the RFSIM card supports functions such as mobile payment transactions. The special short-range communication between the microwave antenna on the ETC lane of the vehicle passing the expressway toll station, the mobile phone payment system and the bank for background settlement processing, so as to achieve the purpose of paying the fee without stopping the vehicle through the road and bridge toll station, greatly improving The traffic capacity and toll efficiency of toll junctions are improved.
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