RFID technology in the application of railway ticket solutions and advantages analysis
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The ticket anti-counterfeiting system developed with RFID technology is mainly composed of electronic tag anti-counterfeiting tickets, RFID reading equipment and RFID middleware. The system can help various ticketing agencies, large venues, and exhibition halls realize convenient and quick ticket sales and ticket checking, and can carry out real-time and accurate positioning and tracking of ticket holders.
Data Center: It is composed of a central data server and a management terminal. It is the data center of the system, which centrally stores and processes ticket management information, ticket sales and ticket checking information.
Ticketing/Ticketing System: It consists of a ticketing management terminal and a label issuing and printing terminal. Complete the unified production, sale and authenticity of electronic label tickets.
Ticket inspection/ticket inspection system: The ticket inspector can verify the authenticity of the ticket through the handheld device when the audience enters the venue. The list of legal spectators and the identification information of admission and tickets are uploaded and downloaded through the upper computer and the management center.
Ticket sales management
Ticket issuance: The ticket seller selects the type, unit price and validity period of the ticket to be sold, and completes the on-site delivery. The label issuing/printing terminal can write all the completed tickets to the IC and print it out;
Display the current ticket sales status;
Ticket identification terminal to verify the authenticity of tickets;
Submit ticket information to the server.
Ticket inspection management
When entering and exiting ticket inspection/ticket checking, the handheld device reads the information of the electronic tag ticket, and performs security certification through the list of legal personnel and the security certification module. If the certification is passed, the information is read out correctly, the confirmation information is returned, the tag identification is modified, and it is legally passed; otherwise, Prompt the alarm.
Download the list of legal spectators, enter the venue and ticket identification information.
Ticketing center management
Ticket management: The system can realize the unified storage of the basic information of the ticket, such as the name of the performance, venue, ticket price, discount, issuance date, etc.; provide information to assist the reasonable arrangement of the ticket window, the ticket seller, etc.; comprehensively record the number of pre-collected tickets and the collection people.
Data collection and settlement: collect various ticket information of ticket sales and ticket inspection systems; sort and settle the same day or each performance.
Equipment and system management: equipment information, authorization and configuration management and maintenance; system operator authorization and maintenance.Comprehensive statistics and query
On-site statistics of ticket sales for different sessions and various time periods;
Query statistics based on conditions such as ticket sales time, ticket location, ticket type, and admission status;
Income statistics and query for each game, daily and monthly;
Print statistical reports of various data.
System features are economical and practical
The electronic label is composed of a chip with a certain storage capacity and a special antenna connection, and can be conveniently packaged in various media such as plain paper, self-adhesive paper, PVC, PET, PP, etc., with its excellent physical characteristics to provide effective anti-counterfeiting Function, and can avoid the reproducibility of existing barcodes and anti-counterfeiting labels. Embedding non-contact chips into low-cost, disposable paper media can meet the needs of cheap ticket and card solutions to the greatest extent. The application of this advanced technology can greatly reduce equipment investment and maintenance costs, and save other anti-counterfeiting technologies ( For example, the cost of laser, diffraction, etc.).
Quick scan for accessible reading
Compared with bar codes, RFID electronic tags do not need to be aligned and scanned, and the reading and writing speed is very fast. In addition, the bar code scanner must be close and without obstructions to read the bar code, while RFID uses radio waves to transmit information, and there is no transmission barrier problem.
Security and flexibility
The inside of the non-contact paper ticket has a globally unique serial number and an application area that can be divided into independent areas, which can store different application data or cardholder information. The application area can be separately locked as read-only by setting the system bit after the ticket is issued, and different configuration methods can be used to meet the requirements of the corresponding security level. The system provides a variety of operation methods. For the organizer’s existing ticketing system, Tsinghua Tongfang provides an interface to realize the seamless connection between the ticket anti-counterfeiting system and the original system; if the organizer does not use the ticketing system, Tsinghua Tongfang’s ticket anti-counterfeiting system can operate independently .
Simple to implement and easy to use
Since the ticket production is done by Tsinghua Tongfang, the organizer gets the encapsulated tickets and ticket inspection equipment. Therefore, the installation and debugging of the system are simple, and the subsequent operation and maintenance are also very simple and convenient. The system provides reliable performance and height. Security.
The system is very convenient both in ticket sales and ticket checking. In ticket sales, the original ticket format and production of the application site is not changed; in ticket checking, verification is convenient and fast, and the ticket check at the ticket gate can only be done with a handheld machine, which is convenient for people to pass through the ticket gate.
The RFID ticket anti-counterfeiting system is suitable for various events, performances and exhibition venues, as tickets for large-scale theatrical performances, exhibitions or fairs, sports competition tickets, various tickets, scenic spots annual tickets and travel coupons, etc.
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, radio frequency identification system), often called inductive electronic chip or proximity card, proximity card, non-contact card, electronic label, electronic barcode, etc., is the use of radio frequency signals to achieve non-contact information transmission through spatial coupling The technology that achieves the purpose of identification through the transmitted information is the specific application and development of automatic identification technology in radio technology. It is regarded as one of the most important information technologies in this century. It has shown large-scale development in various fields in recent years. The situation. According to the forecast of AMR Research, the global RFID market will reach 700 million U.S. dollars in 2010. According to statistics from the Information Promotion Department of the Ministry of Information Industry, my country’s RFID market has reached 3.69 billion yuan in 2005, and this number will increase significantly in the future. An RFID technology storm is about to unfold.
Analysis of the advantages of RFID technology
Since 2001, the types of RFID products have been continuously enriched. Active electronic tags, passive electronic tags and semi-passive electronic tags have all been developed. The cost of electronic tags has been continuously reduced, and the scale of applications has expanded rapidly. Compared with other automatic identification technology products, RFID has the following advantages:
1.1 Large amount of data storage
Among other automatic identification technology varieties, the two-dimensional barcode with the largest data capacity can only store up to 2725 numbers. If it contains letters, the storage capacity will be even less. The storage capacity of RFID tags is more than 2 to the 94th power (nearly 10,000 characters), which completely abandons the limitations of bar codes and makes every object in the world different. Have a unique identifier.
1.2 Fast reading and writing speed
The non-contact method is adopted and there is no direction requirement. Once the tag enters the magnetic field, the reader can read the information in it instantly, usually within a few milliseconds to complete a read and write. The anti-collision mechanism adopted enables it to process multiple tags at the same time to realize batch recognition. The maximum simultaneous recognition can reach so many per second, and it can be recognized in motion.
1.3 High data security
RFID is a unique identification internal code that is fixed in the chip before leaving the factory according to the internationally unified electronic product code encoding system, and does not repeat 4o bits. It cannot be copied or changed. This technology is difficult to be counterfeited or invaded, and it is safer to use domestic chips.
1.4 Superior physical properties
Can store permanent data and non-permanent data. The information in the rewritable memory can be changed freely. The data can be dynamically updated, used repeatedly (erased and written 10,000 times, read unlimited), has a long service life (10 years or 100,000 reads and writes), resistant to high and low temperatures, and can adapt to various working environments and working conditions, especially suitable for oil pollution , Dust, radiation and other harsh environments.
1.5 Easy to read and write
Data reading does not require a light source, and can even be carried out through the outer packaging, passive long-distance reading and writing. The farthest reading and writing distance can reach 1.5m. When the active tag with its own battery is used, the effective identification distance can reach more than 30m.
1.6 Anti-collision
There is a fast anti-collision mechanism in the electronic label, which can prevent data interference between cards.Therefore, the reader can “simultaneously” process multiple non-contact radio frequency cards, which can process more than 200 at a time, without a light source, and can even pass through external materials.
Material read data.
1.7 Sharing
Use the network to share information and increase visibility.
RFID electronic ticketing system and ticket anti-counterfeiting
At present, the anti-counterfeiting of railway tickets is mainly realized by using the ticket bottom plate and the one-dimensional bar code on the ticket surface. The anti-counterfeiting performance is very poor, which makes the counterfeit tickets circulate in the market in large numbers, causing serious economic losses to the railway bureau, and at the same time, it cannot protect the passengers. Benefit. If a new RFID electronic ticket is used, the internal data of the electronic chip is encrypted, and only a specific reader can read the data, and counterfeiters cannot produce the same ticket.
Quickly organize passenger ticket checking, boarding and landing
The existing ticket checking method is to use manual ticket checking. The ticket checking staff at stations and trains manually distinguish the authenticity of the ticket. After the identification, it uses the method of destroying the integrity of the ticket to mark whether the ticket has been checked and avoid repeated use of the ticket. This method is not only inefficient, but also prone to manual errors. If an RFID electronic ticket is used, the ticket inspectors at the station and on the train only need to read the RFID electronic tag on the ticket through a portable reader, and compare it with the data in the database to distinguish the authenticity of the ticket. It also greatly speeds up the speed of passengers entering and leaving the station, and provides favorable conditions for the station to organize passengers on and off.
Station and train information sharing
At present, the railway is still immature in the sharing of station and train information, and the economic losses and the waste of passenger train resources are still serious. If you take advantage of the network information sharing of RFID technology, you can timely feedback the sale of reserved tickets at the station to the train, and at the same time feed back the supplementary ticket status on the train to the station, you can clearly know which stations have reserved tickets. After the sale, it is convenient for passengers on the car to make up tickets in time. In addition, by comparing the information of the passengers in the system with the information of the tickets sold at the station, you can check whether there is a phenomenon of using fake tickets to ride the train.
At present, Guangzhou-Shenzhen Railway has begun to use this RFID electronic ticket. When a passenger buys a ticket, he gets a card-shaped ticket with the printed car number, car number, and seat number. Both entry and exit must pass through a barrier equipped with an RFID reader. And return the ticket to the staff when leaving the station. If necessary, passengers can also automatically print out a paper ticket by swiping the card on the equipment at the bus station, which is used as a voucher for reimbursement.
Automatic Vehicle Number Recognition System
The use of RFID technology has realized real-time and automated statistics for the railway vehicle management system, reducing management costs.
The goal of the automatic train number identification system is to install electronic tags on all locomotives and freight cars. tgCt is an RFID tag, and ground identification equipment (AEI) is installed in all section stations, marshalling stations, large freight stations and boundary stations; for running trains And vehicle information for accurate identification; after computer processing, it provides TMIS (Railway Management Information System) and other systems with accurate and real-time basic information required for real-time tracking and management of trains, vehicles, and containers; providing accurate statistics on freight cars at demarcation stations Guarantee; provide accurate information of train numbers and train numbers for the infrared axle temperature detection system; realize real-time management of trains at all levels of the department, bureau, and station, accurate statistics and real-time adjustment of train flow, etc., so as to establish a railway train number, locomotive and freight car number Computer automatic report collection system for information such as, identification, attributes and location. This system can meet the needs of the Ministry of Railways for vehicle positioning and identification, tracking management, truck sequence, full visibility, and trucks that are loading and unloading.
Container tracking management and monitoring
Container transportation is the development direction of modern logistics industry; container is the development direction of railway freight transportation, and container transportation is a very effective way of railway to improve service quality. It contains huge growth space and has strong development advantages. At present, the total number of railway boxes in the country is claimed to be about 60,000, and there are many types, but it is not clear how much the total number is, what is the type, how is the distribution of the whole road, and how it is used. This actually reflects the railway Lag and out of control of container management.
At present, the container number recognition technology adopted by global containers basically uses container number image recognition, that is, the printed box number on the surface of the container is recognized by the camera, and the digital box number is formed by image processing and collected into the computer. This method has a low recognition rate. , And is greatly affected by weather and container damage. At this time, it is very urgent to apply RFID technology to railway containers and to develop informatized containers, which can greatly improve the efficiency and benefits of railway container transportation.
Warehouse management
In terms of railway freight warehouse management, RFID can also give full play to the penetrability and uniqueness of its electronic tags. With the help of the serial number, date and other information recorded by the tag embedded in the radio wave emitted by the product, The staff knew that there were several items inside without opening the box and checking. At the same time, it can also prevent disputes between the cargo owner and the railway caused by the theft or damage of the cargo in the warehouse.
One domestic railway has begun to fully use one-time RFID electronic tickets.
In fact, from the outside, it is not much different from the traditional red paper ticket. However, the secret of the electronic ticket is in the ticket mezzanine, with a built-in RFID chip and antenna. The information stored in the chip is encrypted and equipped with a dedicated ticket RFID reader. The dedicated reader can automatically read the ticket data when passengers enter and exit the station, and automatically destroy the ticket data after the passengers leave the station.
This kind of ticket is actually a kind of smart electronic tag, which uses a technology called radio frequency, or RFID for short. It is a non-contact automatic identification technology that emerged in the 1990s. The tag and the reader pass wirelessly. Radio frequency signals exchange information. Compared with bar code technology, RFID can save more time, manpower and material resources, reduce production costs, and improve work efficiency. It is being considered by more and more people as a substitute for bar code technology. The biggest convenience of this kind of train ticket is that it does not require manual ticket checking. Passengers only need to wave the ticket in the induction area of the gate when entering and leaving the station, which is very convenient.
Although there is currently only one railway in China that uses RFID electronic tickets, it has become a trend to expand the range of ticket routes. This product is also used in Wal-Mart supermarkets abroad. Consumers pay after shopping and do not need to scan one by one. As long as they pass through the induction area, the full amount will be displayed, reducing the long queue at the supermarket checkout and providing convenience for consumers. Many foreign subway companies produce tickets, including various ID cards. For example, during a meeting, participants wear an attendance card, and when they enter the venue, the sensor will record the names and identities of the attendees, and the participants do not need to sign in one by one.
Real-name system barrier-free technology
The use of RFID electronic tickets can make the train ticket real-name system technically barrier-free, and can prevent the phenomenon of train ticket reselling. The popularized second-generation ID card itself is an RFID tag, which can easily read the ID number in the ID card; the RFID tag has its own data area. If the ticket uses an RFID card, you can use The ID number is written into the RFID chip of the ticket, which realizes the association between the ticket and the ID card. When the ticket is checked, the ticket and the ID card are checked together, and the real-name system of the ticket is realized.
Concluding remarks
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FID technology, as a fast, real-time, accurate collection and processing of high-tech information and the basis of information standardization, has very broad application prospects in railways. However, there are still some problems in the application process, such as high cost, technical problems in processing massive data, and insufficient uniformity of technical standards. We need to treat these problems objectively, and to solve different problems at different times, RFID will inevitably be more widely used in railways.
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