The article Urban Congestion Control Solutions will take you to understand the development and advancement of smart parking!
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After the reform and opening up in the 1980s, cars began to enter millions of households. Out of the need to maintain public order, the first generation of extensive manual parking management was born; in the 1990s, entrance and exit parking fees appeared, but parking management needs were limited to entrances and exits. Control and charging, the product form is mainly mechanical equipment, including passage gates, ticket dispensers, card dispensers, etc., and the automation level of the entrance and exit control equipment is at a low level, and the charging is still mainly manual; after 2000, The original parking entrance and exit control can no longer meet the daily management needs, and the entrance and exit equipment has gradually developed to high-end and unmanned; after 2009, ETC, non-contact IC card, RFID card, Bluetooth remote card reading, license plate recognition, The introduction of intelligent parking methods such as urban parking guidance system, parking space guidance in parking lots, reverse car-finding systems, etc., has entered a period of rapid equipment iteration; after 2015, parking solutions based on cloud computing, big data and IoT will take shape , Smart parking enters the stage of smart parking. The national 13th Five-Year Plan officially incorporates “parking order management” into the top-level design, which will start the explosion of smart parking with a scale of 100 billion, and the potential market will reach trillions.
In the first half of 2017, the number of motor vehicles in China reached 304 million, and the number of cars reached 205 million. There are 49 cities in the country with more than 1 million vehicles, 23 cities with more than 2 million vehicles, and 6 cities with more than 300 vehicles. Million vehicles. The average parking space gap rate in the four cities of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen is 76.3%. There are at least 2 million vehicles in each city without regular parking spaces. The country’s parking space gap is as high as 50 million. China spends 400 billion yuan on parking fees. 1380 yuan per car…The basic parking space demand in each city should be equal to the number of motor vehicles in the city. The ratio of the number of motor vehicles to the total number of parking spaces in cities with international traffic standards is 1:1.2-1.4. At present, the average ratio of cars to parking spaces in large cities in my country is about 1:0.8, and that in small and medium-sized cities is 1:0.5. There is still a large gap in the country, resulting in a huge gap in the number of parking spaces.
Behind the series of figures not only reflects the continuous deterioration of China’s parking difficulties, expensive parking, and traffic congestion, but also the necessity and urgency of China’s development of smart parking. Smart parking is the best solution for urban congestion control. Parking services and parking data, like the smart home field, are new entry points for all camps in the IoT era.
2018: The high class of smart parking
The definition of smart parking is more confusing, that is, wireless communication technology, mobile terminal technology, GPS positioning technology, GIS technology, etc. are comprehensively applied to the collection, management, query, reservation and navigation services of urban parking spaces. The realization of parking space resources is real-time update, Inquiry, reservation and navigation services are integrated to maximize the utilization of parking space resources, maximize the profit of the parking lot, and optimize the parking service of car owners.
To put it simply, smart parking is the intelligent and informatization of parking. It mainly realizes two major functions, intelligently find parking spaces + automatic payment of parking fees, and help car owners realize daily parking, parking at the wrong time, parking space leasing, car aftermarket services, and reverse search. Car, parking space navigation and other services.
Let’s explain it in an easy-to-understand way. Smart parking is to let people park their cars in parking spaces better in reality through intelligent solutions.
As a new creature, the smart parking industry is a subdivision application in the field of smart cities from a broad perspective. Smart parking is a special industry. The government, traffic control departments, parking operators, and parking consumers are not only participants in the construction of smart parking, but also the beneficiaries of smart results. Therefore, the large-scale smart parking project needs to be integrated and promoted in coordination.
Realize parking intelligence, management visualization and operation efficiency, and can provide car owners with electronic payment, parking space inquiries, parking space reservations, parking space navigation, peripheral information push and other value experiences. As for why there has been a rise in the past two years, it is mainly because the intelligent part of parking products has basically overcome the problems of stability, longevity, weather resistance and large-scale communication management, plus the introduction of new technologies, such as It is a plug-and-play solution that realizes that the sensor device is connected to the cloud from the gateway, and the sensor device does not need to be bound to the gateway one-to-one.
At present, from the perspective of the entire industry chain, China’s smart parking market is relatively fragmented, mainly smart parking equipment vendors, smart parking solution providers, and Internet parking operators. Among them, the smart parking solution is a link between the past and the next. The provider mainly provides smart parking systems and smart parking APP products for C-end users.
In 2018, smart parking has entered a high-level stage and is closely related to the Internet of Vehicles. Starting from the current and future new patterns, the smart parking model will develop towards ecological development, breaking company boundaries through socialization, and completing the tradition of the sharing economy era Commercial elements are re-integrated to complete a new competitive landscape such as opening up, sharing, and value incremental exchange.
It is the advantages and accuracy of algorithms and applications that make the smart parking system successful, capturing real-time data in a large area, combining it with historical data sets and benchmark data, and presenting them in an operable way, so that adopters Can really optimize the parking lot.
Accurate classification of smart parking
Smart parking is divided into city level, parking lot level and parking space level. Among them, on-street parking, smart parking, shared parking and three-dimensional parking garages are the main areas where social capital flows. Three major problems are mainly solved. One is fast traffic, avoiding the problems of parking lots relying on human management, opaque fees, and time-consuming entering and exiting the parking lot. The second is to provide special parking spaces, such as large car parking spaces, novice driver parking spaces, charging pile parking spaces and other diversified and personalized consumer upgrade services. The third is to park more cars in the same space. Three-dimensional parking garages can expand the number of parking in a unit space; shared parking can solve the problem of parking vehicles in time periods.
1. City level
Parking equipment data is uploaded to the city platform through the Internet of Things, and the government’s city-level cloud platform is connected with the cloud platform of the parking company to obtain parking lot data, forming a “one network” pattern of parking lots in the city, providing online public welfare Sexual services make it easy for the public to find parking spaces, and can also solve the problem of “escape orders” for some parking users.
NB-IoT technology and LoRa technology are the core technologies for city-level smart parking applications. NB-IoT/LoRa technology uses the advantages of low power consumption, wide coverage, and high density of narrowband communication to directly network parking equipment. Geomagnetism, ground locks, charging piles, and barriers can continuously transmit information to the network platform.
2. Field warehouse level
Depot-level application scenarios include parking lots, parking garages, and roadside parking. The most important technologies are license plate recognition technology and ETC technology, which use a camera to shoot license plates or ETC to accurately identify the identity of the vehicle, record the time of entry and exit of the vehicle for accurate charging, and enable the vehicle to pass quickly without having to stop for manual recording.
ETC technology is an important technology that has rapidly developed in the field of smart parking barriers. However, in recent years, the core technology of the star-rated “vertical circulation” three-dimensional parking garage is still a mechanical technology, and the intelligent control still uses traditional PLC control.
3. Parking space level
There are three technologies for parking space levels, video pile technology, geomagnetic technology and smart parking lock technology. Video stub technology, that is, video recognition technology. Geomagnetism technology uses wireless sensor technology to recognize the earth’s magnetic field and start charging once a vehicle is detected to enter. The third type is the smart parking lock technology, which controls the lifting of the car lock through Bluetooth technology. The car lock is raised so that the vehicle cannot enter the parking space. The car lock is lowered and the corresponding vehicle enters.
In-depth interpretation of smart parking functions
1. From identification to payment (take geomagnetism and video stakes as examples)
Technologies such as geomagnetism and video stakes can identify the vehicle’s identity. Geomagnetic induction is set in the middle of the parking space and can be monitored when a car enters the parking space. The stability is high and the installation is convenient. The video stake is to install a video device in a corner of the parking space to monitor the entry and exit of the vehicle, take photos and record the vehicle trajectory and license plate number. The entire process does not require the intervention of the parking manager. It can automatically park and pay for the vehicle, but a single cost High, the construction is more complicated.
The so-called parking fee electronic payment is to transfer the vehicle identification to the payment account for direct deduction. The parking electronic payment method, one is scanning code payment, and the other is ETC payment. The key to scan code payment is that the car owner binds to a payment account such as WeChat, Alipay, or smart parking platform. If a password-free payment is activated, the local magnet or video stake will identify the vehicle and start billing. After the parking is over, the owner does not need to take out the mobile phone to make the payment. Payment can be automatically deducted to checkout, and you can leave the parking lot without feeling; if you don’t have password-free payment, you can pay manually. The second type is ETC payment. ETC is a non-stop electronic toll collection system for highways, bridges and tunnels. The vehicle is bound to the ETC card. When the ETC probe identifies the vehicle, the ETC card can directly pay for parking.
2. Online and offline
Let car owners find parking spaces more easily, including both offline and online wisdom. Online intelligence is embodied in car owners using mobile phones and other terminal software to obtain parking lots, parking space information, charging standards, reservations, whether there is charging, sharing and other services at designated locations, and realize Alipay/WeChat pre-payment and online checkout Function.
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