Unit vehicle entry and exit management system based on semi-active RFID technology
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1 Introduction
1.1 Document construction instructions
The purpose of this program is to allow integrators, engineering companies and users to understand the design concepts, principles, overall planning and how to play its huge role in the field of Internet of Things RFID technology in school communication, home-school communication and campus safety management, and explain in detail the relevant Information such as the working principle and installation location of the Internet of Things equipment, so that integrators, engineers, and users can correctly understand the revolutionary changes brought about by the Internet of Things in the field of intelligent transportation, and establish a correct understanding of the Internet of Things in the field of campus safety management. If you encounter any confusion or confusion during the reading process, please contact the program writer.
RFIDRadio frequency identification is a communication technology that can identify specific targets and read and write related data through radio signals without the need to establish mechanical or optical contact between the identification system and specific targets
The RFID active radio frequency card is composed of an embedded processor and its software, a transmitting and receiving antenna in the card, a transceiver circuit and a high-energy battery. The special number is pre-stored in the microcontroller, and a unique encrypted identification code radio signal is transmitted intermittently. The high-energy battery in the card provides energy for the normal operation of the active card, and the battery in the card can be replaced.
The directional reader/industrial-grade omnidirectional reader is composed of information collection, processing, information transmission, and embedded software. Its main function is to complete the real-time collection and processing of vehicle identification code output signals.
Low-frequency activator 125KHZ low-frequency signal transmitter device, used to transmit 125KHZ low-frequency signal to activate, trigger, and wake up the electronic tag working at 2.4GHZ frequency, so that the electronic tag sends a signal.
Vehicle sensors are used to detect metal objects such as vehicles and bicycles, and are suitable for parking lots, highway vehicle toll stations, and signal light control systems. Adopting the most advanced microprocessor technology, it can meet the application in various use environments. When a metal object passes through a coil buried under the road, because the metal conductor changes the inductance of the coil, the vehicle sensor detects the metal object by detecting the change in the inductance of the coil.
2. Project background
2.1 Status analysis
As people’s living standards continue to improve, the total number of cars owned has also begun to grow rapidly. How to carry out efficient, high-quality and intelligent management of the in and out of vehicles within a unit has become more and more important to various administrative departments, enterprises and institutions. Based on ActiveRFID The long-distance vehicle access control system is at the forefront of the market and has high technical content. Through non-contact information collection and processing of long-distance fast-moving targets, it can realize rapid automatic identification and automatic management of in and out vehicles. It is the best upgrade choice for traditional management methods. . Generally speaking, the system will significantly improve service quality and service level for users from the following aspects:
1. Establish a brand new image of property management. The use of modern high-tech products will surely greatly improve the image and popularity of the company’s property management. Adopting intelligent parking lot management system, no matter from the aspect of product styling, or the advancement and scientificity brought by automatic management, it will establish a good image for property management and make the enterprise a model of scientific management.
2. Strict charge management. For the current manual cash charging method, on the one hand, the labor intensity is high and the efficiency is low, and the other main drawback is that the financial loopholes are easy to cause the loss of cash. After using the radio frequency intelligent parking lot management system, all vehicle charges are confirmed and calculated by the computer, which eliminates errors and cheating and protects the rights and interests of parking lot investors.
3. Enhanced safety management. One card for one vehicle, data archiving, to ensure the safety of vehicles parked in the parking lot. When card issuance and card collection are performed manually, it is inevitable that there are omissions because there is no record to check at any time. Lost cars or false reports of lost cars happen from time to time, causing many troubles and economic losses to the parking lot. After adopting the intelligent parking lot management system, consumers of monthly rental cards and stored-value cards have recorded corresponding information in the computer, and the cards can be reissued in time if they are lost.
4. Good anti-counterfeiting performance. Because of the extremely high confidentiality of the RFID card, its encryption function can not be solved by the general computer after ten years, so it is not easy to forge.
5. Durable and reliable, and the operation process is fully automated. The active radio frequency identification card used in this system is maintenance-free, has a long service life, is fully sealed, free of contact, dustproof and waterproof, and does not need to open the gate manually. The system automatically reads and verifies the card and opens the gate, which saves manpower and time.
This system also solves the vehicle management problems faced by various units. It can be applied to the tracking control management of internal vehicles entering and exiting the unit gate, and it can also be applied to the fully automatic and unattended management of internal parking lots. , It is especially suitable for occasions such as the entrance and exit gates of military vehicles, school gates, and power company gates.
2.2 Design basis
“Interim Provisions on the Management of Engineering Design of Intelligent Building Systems” Ministry of Construction 1997
“Code for Electrical Design of Civil Buildings” (JGJ/T16-92) Ministry of Construction
“Smart Building Design Standard” (DBJ08-4-95) Shanghai Construction Commission 1996
“Code for Design of Integrated Wiring Engineering for Buildings and Building Groups” China Engineering Construction Standards Association 1997
“Code for Construction and Acceptance of Integrated Wiring Engineering for Buildings and Building Groups” China Engineering Construction Standards Association 1997
“Building Communication Integrated Wiring System” (UD/T926) Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications 1997
“Code for Design of Automatic Fire Alarm System” State Planning Commission 1988
2.3 Construction goals and principles
1. Goal
The safety function of the vehicle custody;
Economical and reasonable operating costs;
Convenient and quick way of passage, better service to owners;
Improve the grade of the community;
2. Principle
Advanced and mature technology and equipment ensure the safe, reliable and stable operation of the system;
A complete management system can prevent vehicle loss to the greatest extent and provide better convenience for owners;
Reasonable layout, improve the service quality of the system, shorten the service time, and increase the efficiency of vehicle traffic;
Practicability, real-time, completeness principle;
Principles of scalability and ease of maintenance;
3. Management system
The general idea of the management system is that the scene is unattended and fully intelligent. Managers can exercise complete control over the parking lot at any fixed location outside the parking lot environment, complete various statistics, monitoring, alarms, guidance and other functions, which greatly reduces management. The amount of labor of the personnel, and can provide a brand-new modern atmosphere for the owner.
3. Overall system construction plan
3.1 The working principle of the system
The tag is placed in the car. When the car is near the door of the unit, the tag will be activated by the 125K signal from the ground line of the low-frequency activator.
After activation, the 2.4G signal of the tag is in working state at this time, and 2.4G signal (ID number) is sent out.After receiving the 2.4G signal (ID number) of the tag from the long-distance omnidirectional reader next to it, the relay in the 2.4G long-distance omnidirectional reader device will work and give a switch signal for the control of opening the door. Board, the control board receives 2.4G long-distance omnidirectionalReaderAfter the switch signal is given by the device, it will actively send out voltage to the door-opening motor. At this time, the door-opening motor works to open the door of the entry and exit unit.
After the vehicle leaves the unit door and leaves the 125K low-frequency activation area, the 2.4G signal of the 2.4G electronic tag stops working. After the 2.4G long-distance omnidirectional reader cannot read the 2.4G electronic tag, the 2.4G remote reader The relay will stop sending the switch signal to the control board. At this time, the door opening control board will stop sending the door opening voltage to the unit door motor. The door opening control board will automatically give a door closing voltage, and the unit door will automatically close.
3.2 System topology
The vehicle entry and exit management system can adopt various network topologies. The server and the management workstation are connected in the form of a local area network (LAN), and the computer is connected to the lower computer by RS485 bus type; it is simple, quick to put into use, and the system is stable. The highest rate of return on investment. The block diagram of its topology is as follows:
3.3 Network topology diagram
【Note:】
For the entrance and exit control system, the server is responsible for the important task of the entire system. The rapid access of data is a problem worthy of concern, but the safety of the data cannot be ignored. Once the hard disk fails or the data is lost or damaged due to improper operation, it will The entire system enterprise will have a huge impact on the system. It can be seen that the value of the data stored by the server far exceeds the value of the machine itself, and the SQL server selection cannot be ignored. The vehicle management system with the entrances and exits together only needs a computer to manage it. If the entrances and exits are separated and there are many temporary vehicles, it is best to place a computer at each entrance and have a security guard on duty. In order to deal with emergencies.
The first level network is distributed by RS485 bus system, which mainly provides communication for each entrance and exit control machine, and the card reading data is taken; the second level network is LAN Ethernet star connection, computer and computer communication and data storage, SQL server is responsible for Data query and processing, distribution of network resources, and classification review of the authority of each workstation.
3.4 Principles of Use and Installation of System Products
1. Installation location of the electronic label
Electronic tags are placed in the car;
The application of electronic tags in the vehicle management system is to install the tags on the front windshield of the car cockpit.
The best position of the electronic tag: If the card reader is installed on the left side of the road in the forward direction (driver’s side), then the tag should also be installed on the left side of the car’s windshield (position A, E). If the card reader is on the right side of the road in the forward direction (the driving side), then the label should also be affixed to the right side of the car’s windshield (position C, D). If the card reader is directly above the lane, the tag should be installed near the center line of the rearview mirror or windshield of the car (position B, F). For small cars (including ordinary vans), the electronic label should be installed above the front windshield (position A, B, C) as much as possible. For large vehicles (large trucks or buses, etc.), the electronic tags should be installed in the direction below the front windshield (D, E, F positions), generally based on the principle of not blocking the driver’s line of sight.
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