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1. Technical introduction
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is the specific application and development of automatic identification technology in radio technology. This technology uses some advanced technical means to realize people’s automatic identification and management of various objects or equipment (personnel, articles) in different states (moving, stationary or harsh environments). Due to the maturity of the large-scale integrated circuit technology, the size of the radio frequency identification system has been reduced and the cost has been reduced, making the radio frequency identification technology into the practical stage, becoming a mature automatic identification technology.
Radio frequency identification technology uses radio frequency for non-contact two-way communication to achieve identification and exchange data. It is different from the same or early contact recognition technology. The RFID system’s radio frequency card (also called electronic tag) can be identified without contact with the reader, so it can be used in a wider range of occasions. A typical radio frequency identification system includes two parts: radio frequency tags and readers. The radio frequency tag is a chip that integrates several main modules to complete the communication with the reader. There is an EEPROM on the chip to store the identification code or other data. The periphery of the chip only needs to be connected with an antenna and a battery, which can be used as a personal identification card or an identification card for goods. Compared with bar code, magnetic card, IC card and other similar or early identification technologies, radio frequency cards have the advantages of non-contact, long working distance, suitable for harsh environments, and identification of moving targets (see Table 1). The electronic tag is a radio frequency card that does not require a battery. It consists of an electronic chip that is 1/5 smaller than a rice grain and a soft antenna. The electronic tag can be as thin as paper, or the size of a postage stamp, or smaller. The electronic tag can be It is designed to be detected by the reader at a distance of 1~3 meters or even longer. Electronic tags are a mature technology, and generally used electronic tag information can be read and written.
After the reader receives the card data, it decodes and performs error checking to determine the validity of the data, and then transmits the data to the computer network through wired or wireless means. A simple RFID product is a non-contact IC card, while a complex RFID product can be connected with an external sensor to measure and record different parameters, and it can even be connected with a GPS system to track objects.
2. Application benefit analysis
The application of RFID has improved the efficiency of the logistics industry and effectively realized intelligent warehouse management. The relevant statistics are as follows:
(1) Increase in income
Increase inventory availability by 5% to 10%
Due to the increase in inventory availability, sales will increase by 3% to 7%
Increase customer retention by 0.3% to 0.5%
Increased recovery rate in logistics management will increase profits by 25% to 40%
Improvements in recycling management will increase total revenue by 1% to 2%
(2) Cost reduction
Reduce losses due to theft by 40% to 50%
Delivery speed increased by 10%
Reduction of labor costs:
30% reduction in site management
Reduce the labor cost of item storage up to 65%
Reduce inventory costs by up to 25%
Can reduce cycle calculation cost up to 25%
Increase the throughput of warehouse products up to 20%
Reduce damage rate and write-off of expired goods up to 20%
The cost of reducing erroneous data can reach US$100 million
Reduce complaints caused by lost packages up to 98%
3. Brief introduction of the scheme:
(1), ISO15693 standard series of electronic tags
The ISO15693 series of electronic label production has become mature and has become the first choice for the international electronic label application system.
There are many ISO15693 standard chip suppliers, including Philips, Infineon, TI, Inside, EM and other leading first-class manufacturers in the industry. The storage capacity of its commonly used chips generally ranges from 1k to 2k. Due to the maturity of its products, the production and processing technology can reach stable production, so the cost of electronic tags is relatively stable. Relative to the average quantity, the price can be controlled and is gradually decreasing. . Read-write terminals also have mature products, and desktop read-write terminals and handheld read-write terminals have been widely used.
Application scheme: By attaching electronic tags to the goods in the warehouse, and using a handheld read-write terminal to read and write related information, the automatic management of goods in and out of the warehouse can be realized
a. Storage: Read and write the information of the electronic tags on the goods, automatically classify the goods, and feed back the corresponding storage shelves in time for easy storage. At the same time, it automatically counts the quantity of incoming goods and stores them in the handheld.
b. Outgoing: Read out and record the outgoing goods information, realize automatic statistics, and store it in the handheld. At the same time, the status of the goods out of the warehouse is marked in the information of the corresponding electronic label to avoid errors that may be caused by manual labor.
c. Data transmission: input the data stored in the handheld into the corresponding name in the host computer through the data cable to complete the inventory, in and out of the library table, so as to avoid the trouble of manual statistics.
ISO15693 series electronic tags can also achieve long-distance reading and writing by installing an antenna on the reading and writing terminal. Generally, the supported reading and writing distance can reach about 1.5m. At the same time, because of its own anti-collision mechanism, it can also be programmed to achieve centralized reading and writing-that is, when a batch of goods passes through the reading and writing terminal within the effective reading and writing distance, the data on all goods can be stored in sufficient reading and writing time. The electronic label information is read and stored one by one.
(2) UHF series electronic tags
Compared with the ISO15693 series of electronic tags, UHF electronic tags are currently the focus of many applications. Its unique anti-collision performance and long-distance (up to 10m) fast reading and writing function can better realize the centralized reading and writing of goods, and create a fairly broad application prospect for logistics management and warehouse management. However, the processing technology requirements of UHF electronic tags are quite high. At the same time, as a new high-tech application, its products are not yet mature and stable. At the same time, because the application is not yet large-scale, the price of its read-write terminal is also high, and its price is often low. Ordinary users are discouraged.
Application scheme: by attaching electronic labels to the goods in the warehouse and installing them at a suitable location (such as the door) in the warehouse
The fixed reading and writing terminal connected to the computer host can automatically read and write and register when the goods in and out of the warehouse pass, which can realize the automatic management of goods in and out of the warehouse.
a. Inbound: When the goods are collected through the fixed read-write terminal, the information on the electronic tags on all the goods is read and written one by one, and the goods are automatically classified and registered, and the corresponding storage shelves are fed back to facilitate storage. At the same time, it automatically counts the quantity of goods in the warehouse and stores it in the host computer.
b. Outgoing: When the goods pass through the fixed read-write terminal, the outgoing goods information will be read out and recorded to realize automatic statistics and storage. At the same time, the status of the goods out of the warehouse is marked in the information of the corresponding electronic label to avoid errors that may be caused by manual labor.
c. Daily goods management: Use the application software to automatically generate corresponding reports for the relevant information of the goods, which is convenient for management.
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