Introduction of personnel positioning system in coal mine

1. Real-time display and query of underground conditions through geographic information based on GIS technology:

1. How many people are in the well or in a certain place at any one time, and who are these people?

2. The activity trajectory of each person at any time in the well.

3. Query the current actual location of one or more personnel, so that the dispatch center can quickly and correctly contact the personnel by telephone.

4. Inquire about a series of information such as the arrival/departure time and total working time of relevant personnel at any location, and can supervise and confirm whether important inspection personnel (such as: gas detection personnel, temperature detection personnel, exhaust personnel, etc.) arrive on time The test and processing of various data are carried out, and the related accidents caused by human factors are basically eliminated as far as possible.

5. Multi-point sharing can be realized for multiple leaders to view at different places at the same time.

2. The real-time dynamic distribution of underground personnel in the tunnel at all times, and the corresponding dynamic map is made according to the actual geographical situation of the underground, so that the underground situation is vivid and vivid at a glance.

3. Automatically calculate various reports of various types of personnel going down the well, such as:

1. The production personnel’s downtime report, attendance monthly report, overtime report, leave or absence report and other management required basis and can generate salary report, etc.

2. Develop and count management personnel’s inspection report and so on.

3. Whether other personnel, such as visitors and inspectors, go to the designated area as required.

4. Once various accidents occur, how many people are in distress can be found immediately, and where are the distressed persons? Who are they?

1. The specific real-time location of the car and other important equipment.

2. Count the number of daily transportations and the frequency of ingress and egress of each minecart for easy management.

1. System Features:

Highly automated

Advanced network communication system

Geographic Information Display and Query System Based on GIS Technology

Complete data analysis system

Safe and reliable, work normally in harsh environments 24 hours a day

2, The outstanding performance of Active RFID

Long distance, the effective recognition distance is adjustable from 0 to 100 meters.

High anti-collision performance, adopting multiple anti-collision schemes, can identify more than 100 signs at the same time.

High speed, even if Active RFID is moving at a speed of more than 200 kilometers per hour, it can still be reliably identified.

High recognition reliability, misreading rate is less than five out of 100,000.

Easy installation, integrated design, no need for external antenna or ground sense.

Intelligent, two-way high-speed data exchange can be realized between RFID and transceiver, making application flexible and ensuring data security.

Can realize directional and non-directional recognition.

High reliability, adapt to the working environment of industrial and mining, waterproof and shockproof.

Low cost, all 0.18uM chips are used, and the cost is lower.

Ultra-low power consumption, healthier and safer.

There is no need to apply for and pay for the ISM microwave frequency band that is open worldwide.

High anti-interference, no special requirements for various interference sources on site.

3.How the system works

First of all, install several readers in the various tunnels and the passages through which all personnel may pass. The specific number and location are determined according to the actual working conditions on site and the functional requirements to be realized, and they are connected through the network wiring and the ground control center. Computer networking. At the same time, each person who goes down the well wears an electronic tag. When the person who goes down the well enters the well, as long as they pass or approach any reader placed in the tunnel, the reader will immediately sense the signal and upload it to the computer in the control center. On the computer, the computer can immediately determine the specific information (such as: who, where, and the specific time), and display it on the large screen of the control center or the computer display and make a backup. Click on the distribution diagram on the screen or on the computer to click on a certain position in the well, and the computer will count and display the personnel in this area. At the same time, the computer of the control center will sort out various attendance reports of each person who went down during this period (such as attendance rate, total attendance time, late/early leaving records, non-attendance time, etc.) according to the personnel entry and exit information for a period of time. In addition, once an accident occurs in a mine, the personnel at the accident site can be found immediately based on the personnel distribution information in the computer, so as to help rescuers rescue the trapped personnel in an accurate and rapid manner. The management principles of mine carts and other equipment are roughly the same.

4.System design principles

(1) Realize the effective identification of the entry and exit of the working surface of the underground tunnel, so that the system management fully reflects the “humanization, information and high degree of automation”.
(2) Provide senior management personnel with information inquiries on attendance, personnel entry and exit restrictions and other aspects.
(3) Once a safety accident occurs, the system can immediately know the number of workers on the working surface of the tunnel to ensure the efficient operation of rescue and rescue work.
(4) After a safety incident occurs, the basic information of the tied up personnel, such as location and number of people, can be found through the control center, so that the rescue work can be carried out in time.
(5) The safety, scalability, easy maintenance and easy operation of the system design.

5. System design basis
(1) GA/T75 “Procedures and Requirements for Safety Protection Engineering”
(2) MT209-1990 “General Technical Requirements for Electrical and Electronic Products for Coal Mine Communication, Testing and Control”

6. System design features
(1) High degree of automation; the system can automatically detect the time and location information of the underground tunnel workers passing the monitoring point, and automatically realize the statistics and management of attendance operations.
(2) Advanced communication system; the identification system installed in each channel in the well can transmit the data passed by relevant personnel to the network server in real time, without human intervention in the whole process.
(3) Complete data statistics and information query software; the system software has a dedicated database management system, including information collection and statistical analysis system for workers passing through the tunnel, statistics and management analysis system for attendance operations, and displays and prints various statistical reports. Provide a full range of services for the inquiry and management of senior management.

(4) The safety, stability and reliability of the system are designed; the system products adopt the tunnel wall-mounted design, which does not require on-site construction in the tunnel, and ensures that the system operates continuously and normally for 24 hours in a harsh environment;
(5) Complete alarm call system configuration for abnormal conditions (including invalid electronic tags and entry of invalid electronic tags).

(6) This system is currently the only domestic system that adopts a field industrial bus network architecture.

7. System design
This system follows the principle of “uniform distribution of electronic labels, unified equipment, and unified management”, and implements the system of “one person, one electronic label” in accordance with the permitted staff and teams. The electronic label can be regarded as a “post certificate” or “tunnel access permit” . The specific plan is as follows:
(1) The coal mine production unit installs a certain number of readers in all tunnels, and the specific location is determined according to the on-site conditions to meet the requirements of the control area.
(2) The coal mine production unit issues and equips relevant personnel with electronic tags.
(3) When the electronic label is issued, the basic information of the employee corresponding to the electronic label, including name, age, gender, team, type of work, position, personal photo, etc., are registered in the system database.
(4) The electronic label will become effective after the safety production department authorizes the electronic label. The scope of authorization includes: the employee can be qualified to enter the tunnel on the work surface, the time limit, invalidity, and loss of electronic tags, etc., to prevent irrelevant and illegal persons from entering the tunnel;
(5) Personnel entering the tunnel must wear electronic tags. When the person passes the identification monitoring point of the tunnel, he is immediately recognized by the system, and through the information exchange of the system network, the information such as the road section and time passed by the person is transmitted to the well safety monitoring center for record, and can be recorded on the large geographic information screen at the same time A prompt message appears on the wall, showing the name of the passing person. If the sensed electronic tag number is invalid or enters a restricted channel, the system will automatically alarm, and the security monitoring center staff on duty receives the alarm signal and immediately executes the relevant safety work management procedures.
(6) Once a safety accident occurs in the tunnel, the safety monitoring center can know the basic situation of the trapped people in the first time, which is convenient for the safe and efficient operation of rescue work.

8. In view of the actual situation of the mine, we have solved the technical problem of the application of the system products in the mine:

1. The problem of the safe operation of the equipment itself underground

In view of the special environment and working characteristics of underground mines, our equipment (reader) has achieved the following: adopting all-metal casing, firm structure, anti-collision and anti-vibration; fully sealed design, waterproof, moisture-proof and anti-corrosion.

2. The operation of the equipment must not affect the safety of the underground mine

The device has ultra-low power consumption, and the peak power is less than 10 watts.

3. The problem that the working voltage of the system in the well is less than 18V DC

Fourth, the equipment adapts to various installation environmental problems both above and below the mine

The equipment has a very high degree of anti-interference, and basically has no requirements on the installation site, which guarantees the high reliability of the equipment operation and greatly simplifies the installation and maintenance workload.

5. The whole system is designed as a “fool type”, with extremely low technical requirements for users, with simple and adjustable functions, automatic fault inspection functions, and so on.

6. Simple construction and installation problems in the tunnel

The product adopts the direct wall-mounted type in the underground, and it can be connected to the DC power supply and the network cable connector. It is also very convenient and easy to change and add the underground detection point in the future.

Seven, simplification of fault handling

When a machine fails, just replace it with a spare machine.

Computer, mining communication cable, junction box, CAN-bus, repeater, reader, electronic label, power supply

CAN-bus industrial readers are all designed with integrated circuits, with high density, low power consumption, and IP54 protective shell design, which meets the standard of intrinsically safe circuits. The system uses the industrial field bus (CAN-bus) to form a local area network. The industrial field bus (CAN-bus) is the most advanced industrial bus at present. It has strong anti-interference ability, high reliability, strong real-time performance, high communication speed, and can realize point-to-point communication. Communication can adapt to a variety of complex industrial environments. Compared with the RS485 and modem technology commonly used in coal mines, it has very obvious advantages.

CAN-bus Bus characteristics

1. International standard industrial-grade fieldbus, reliable transmission and high real-time performance;

2. Long transmission distance (up to 10Km without relay), fast transmission rate (up to 1Mbps);

3. A single bus can connect up to 110 nodes, and the number of nodes can be easily expanded;

3. The status of each node on the bus is equal, regardless of master and slave, burst data can be transmitted in real time;

4. Non-destructive bus arbitration technology, multiple nodes can send data to the bus at the same time, and the bus utilization rate is high;

5. The CAN node in error will automatically shut down and cut off the connection with the bus, without affecting the communication of the bus;

6. The message has a short frame structure and has a hardware CRC check, the probability of interference is small, and the data error rate is extremely low;

7. For unsuccessfully sent messages, the hardware has an automatic sending function, and the transmission reliability is very high;

8. With hardware address filtering function, it can simplify the compilation of software protocol;

9. The communication medium can be ordinary twisted pair, coaxial cable or optical fiber, etc.;

10. The CAN-bus bus system is simple in structure and extremely cost-effective.

CAN-bus is used in the coal mine communication system. It can not only enhance the communication reliability of the system, extend the distance of the system, expand the number of nodes in the system, but also enhance the real-time nature of the system, allowing managers and main control equipment to understand and process in time With the current underground conditions, potential accidents have been discovered and accidents can be avoided.

For the intrinsic safety requirements of the coal mine system, the power supply of the CAN-bus device meets the intrinsic safety requirements, and the field bus CAN-bus itself also meets the intrinsic safety requirements.

CAN-bus Comparison of bus and RS-485 communication

Compared with the commonly used RS-485 mode, the fieldbus CAN-bus has more advantages and can completely replace the RS-485 network, thereby forming a device with high reliability, long distance, multi-node and multi-master mode Communication network. At the same time, the field bus CAN-bus can directly adopt the same transmission cable and topology structure as RS-485.

The characteristics comparison of CAN-bus and RS-485 communication methods are shown in Table 1 below:

Table 1 Comparison of the characteristics of CAN-bus and RS-485 communication