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With the unstoppable growth rate of global economic integration, the logistics economy has also developed vigorously. Containers are used as carriers in logistics, especially sea containers. For the ever-developing global logistics, there is an increasing demand for containers, and it is increasingly urgent and important to effectively track and manage the containers produced.
According to statistics, there are more than 2 million containers produced in the world every year, and more than 50% are produced in China. In 2004, the global container holdings were approximately 21.87 million boxes. Container manufacturers and transportation management companies undertake a large number of heavy statistical management tasks such as production and transportation, finished product transportation and stacking storage: after the container leaves the factory, the management of the container becomes a bottleneck in the supply chain: relevant companies cannot know the container in real time Location and status, whether it is safe to reach the yard; the complicated procedures for entering and exiting the yard lead to long queues of consignment vehicles; it is very difficult to find the designated container on the large yard, which is time-consuming and error-prone; it is impossible to understand the stack in real time The number and location of containers on the yard are vacant, invisibly causing low yard utilization and wasting enterprise resources.
A certain domestic container manufacturer finally chose to use RFID technology to solve these problems and improve the enterprise’s informatization level through the evaluation test. In March 2005, a comprehensive test of RFID electronic tags in a special environment (metal surface installation) was carried out on site. On this basis, the factory export monitoring subsystem, the yard automatic management subsystem and the central monitoring subsystem were developed. Preliminary realization of container monitoring, management and statistical analysis of data in factories and yards has been successfully implemented in the world’s largest container manufacturer using RFID in pilot projects.
Project implementation purpose
1. Store container-related information such as container number, company code, container type, container type, container east code, manufacturing company code, production line code, shift code, gross weight, net weight, and production time in electronic tags. The information can be wireless The radio frequency method is automatically and quickly read and transmitted, avoiding errors that may be caused by manual entry.
2. Track the entire process of off-line containers from the factory from the consignment vehicle to the yard, monitor and record the new container off-line information, consignment vehicle information, occurrence time, operators and other data, and statistically analyze the containers of each enterprise Production volume and qualification rate, etc.
3. Install a reader on the stacker to automatically identify the container number, and the yard automatic management system exchanges information with the stacker via wireless network to realize the image operation of the stacker, and quickly and accurately query the stacking position and status of the container .
4. Carry out registration management of the vehicles undertaking the consignment, install electronic tags on each vehicle, automatically collect vehicle information during the consignment process, cancel the complicated document procedures, shorten the time of entry and exit, and reduce the workload of personnel.
System construction:
The container management system based on RFID technology is a huge and complex system (as shown in Figure 1), including three main parts: the central monitoring center subsystem, the factory monitoring subsystem, and the entrance and exit monitoring subsystem.
★ Central monitoring center subsystem: monitors the operation of other subsystems, conducts information interaction with other subsystems; conducts container information management and consignment vehicle information management, data statistics and analysis, and performs freight settlement; provides customers with container information query services.
★ Factory monitoring subsystem: monitor and record the information of the factory container, the information of the consigned vehicle, the occurrence time, the operator, etc. Statistically analyze the delivery status of various containers.
★ Yard container management system: monitor and record the information of the containers passing through the gate, the corresponding hauling vehicle information, the time of the incident, the operator and other information, the container stacking position information management of the yard, quickly and accurately find the status of the container; with vivid 2D The container yard map and the function of placing and finding containers.
The normal working process of the system is as follows: install the electronic tag with the information of the container on the container of the new production line, confirm the container number during the operation of the stacker, and then leave the factory. At the gate of the factory, the system automatically collects container information and consignment vehicle information. When consignment vehicles enter and exit the yard, the system automatically collects container information and consignment vehicle information, and dispatches the stacker to command the stacking container location through the transmission system (see Figure 2).
The RFID container management system pioneered the use of long-distance RFID technology for container tracking and management, and realized the automatic identification of boxes and vehicles, which greatly shortened the time required for the previous manual operation mode, and accelerated the delivery of offline products. The speed of transportation and yard storage; it also reduces the error input of information and improves the accuracy of information collection. These will achieve good economic benefits in the company’s cost control, and enhance the competitiveness of the company. In addition, its social benefits should not be underestimated. It improves the working environment of the staff, reduces the amount of manual work of the staff in harsh environments, and truly serves the purpose of increasing productivity with technology.
At the same time, enterprise applications have achieved breakthroughs in domestic RFID technology breakthroughs in application bottlenecks such as interference with electronic tag reading on metal surfaces. XCTF5000 series electronic tags are used in conjunction with XCRF500 series readers to effectively reduce the interference caused by the metal surface of the container to the tag reading and writing, with stable reading and writing accuracy, which can well meet the application requirements of the container management system. This technological breakthrough has broadened the environmental conditions for RFID applications. At the same time, it has also established a case model for the application of domestic RFID technology projects in the logistics field.
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