Military cargo transportation security system scheme based on RFID technology
chrispeng [ad_1]
Demand analysis
In the future, informatization warfare will be unprecedentedly fierce, and the consumption of battlefield materials will increase sharply. The tasks of military logistics support will become more onerous and the responsibilities will be more important. The results of military logistics activities will directly affect the outcome of the war. The information-based battlefield environment requires military logistics to provide material support for combat troops in a timely, appropriate and appropriate amount, that is, to provide combat troops with an appropriate amount of military materials at an accurate time and place, which gives military logistics support speed and mobility. Higher requirements are put forward in terms of reliability and accuracy, requiring accurate, reliable, fast and efficient transmission, collection, processing and exchange of military logistics information, command and control the entire process of material support, and establish a “precision” battlefield material support system , Realize the scientific and rapid decision-making of material support, and improve the efficiency and benefit of material support on the battlefield.
RFID technology uses wireless radio frequency for non-contact two-way communication to exchange data to achieve automatic identification. It is waterproof, anti-magnetic, high temperature resistant, long service life, large reading distance, data on the label can be encrypted, data storage capacity is larger, and storage Information can be changed freely, high-speed moving objects can be identified, and multiple tags can be identified at the same time. The operation is quick and convenient, and it is especially suitable for realizing the automated management of military logistics systems.
In order to meet the requirements of future information warfare, our military is actively committed to the construction of logistics informatization. However, there is still a lack of clear understanding of the application scope and potential of RFID technology in military logistics systems. The research on material management and tracking in military logistics systems is still in its infancy, and the overall level is low. The outstanding performance is: on the one hand, inventory management The degree of informatization is generally not high. Most warehouse management mainly relies on manual operation, which cannot adapt to the requirements of fast and accurate guarantee in future wars. On the other hand, due to the large variety and quantity of guarantee materials, it cannot be real-time after the materials are dispatched. Tracking and understanding the location and status of materials in transit; at the same time, in the ever-changing battlefield environment, when the actual needs of the troops change, it is impossible to redeploy the materials in transit in time.
The main reason for these problems is that the current management method is difficult to realize the real-time collection and transmission of military logistics information. The application of RFID technology in military logistics support will realize true automatic identification, which can well solve the problem of real-time collection and transmission of logistics information, and is fast and accurate, greatly speeding up the processing speed of various businesses, and realizing material guarantee from the supply place. Full visibility to the place of demand, real-time tracking and command and control of materials in transit on the battlefield will surely greatly improve the current situation of our military’s material support and increase military logistics support capabilities.
Compared with our military, the most representative application of RFID technology among foreign military forces is the US military. The U.S. Department of Defense’s application of RFID technology stems from the needs of modern warfare: During the 1991 Gulf War, the U.S. shipped about 40,000 containers to the Middle East, but due to unclear markings, more than 20,000 of them had to be reopened and registered. , Package and put into the transportation system again. After the war, more than 8,000 opened containers remained unused. Later, the US military estimated that if RFID technology was used to track the whereabouts of logistical materials and obtain a list of the contents of the container, it would save the Department of Defense about US$2 billion in expenditure. After the Gulf War, in order to solve the serious real-life problems in the process of claiming, transporting, and distributing materials, the US military provided fast and accurate logistical support to combat troops. It proposed a full-asset visibility plan to realize the assets in logistical support. The high degree of transparency. The application of RFID technology makes it possible for the U.S. military to achieve transparency of logistics materials, and provides a convenient and flexible solution for automatically obtaining the visibility information of assets in storage, in transit, and in use.
RFID technology has been widely used by the US military in the field of military logistics support, such as specific item search systems, material visibility systems in transit, individual electronic medical records, physiological status monitors, and clothing distribution devices, which have greatly reformed traditional logistics tracking It has achieved ideal results in actual combat activities such as European withdrawal, peacekeeping in Somalia, the war in Afghanistan and the war in Iraq. By adopting RFID technology, the average logistics supply time of the US military has been greatly shortened.
During the Iraq War, the US military accurately tracked the 40,000 containers sent by the Ministry of Defense to the Gulf by installing SAVI technology radio-frequency satellite chips on each container shipped to the Gulf, thereby realizing the “people flow” and “equipment flow”. The whole process of tracking and “material flow”, and command and control its reception, distribution and exchange, make the supply and management of materials more transparent, and greatly improve the effectiveness of military logistics support. The application of RFID technology has made the U.S. military’s logistical supply capabilities unprecedentedly powerful. It can easily grasp the real-time information of all logistical supplies, realize the full tracking of logistical materials from the factory to the soldiers, and also enable the U.S. military to realize the transition from “reserve logistics” to The transformation of “distribution logistics”. Compared with the Gulf War, the shipping volume during the Iraq War was reduced by 87%, the air freight volume was reduced by 88.6%, the mobilization of strategic support equipment was reduced by 89%, and the stock of combat materials was reduced by 75%. This new mode of operation has saved billions of dollars in expenditure for the US Department of Defense.
Introduction to Electronic Seal Technology
The so-called electronic seal technology refers to an authentication technology that can record whether the carriage or other hard packaging has been secretly opened, and can automatically call the police when it is opened illegally. The electronic seal can realize the automatic identification of the container, record the relevant information of the cargo transportation in the electronic label of the box, and become the carrier of the cargo transportation information. During the transportation, the effective monitoring and real-time management of the cargo status and transportation information are implemented. Once the electronic seal is damaged, it will be reflected to the computer monitoring system.
Generally, electronic seals adopt a hybrid form of physical seals and RFID components. Most electronic seals also use passive and active RFID technologies. The main features of passive electronic seals are: short use distance, low cost, and one-time use. Since passive seals cannot provide continuous power to detect the state of the seal, they cannot detect and record the time when the damage occurred, but only provide information about their integrity when passing through a supply chain node equipped with reading equipment. This technology has caused serious problems in the communication between trucks with heavy metal doors and the on-board computer, and the business process for drivers to operate such electronic seals often takes a few minutes, which makes some drivers feel too cumbersome. The speed of its application expansion is severely restricted. Passive seals are the United States’ preferred security solution to prevent theft before the “9.11” incident. Since the “9.11” terrorist incident, in order to prevent terrorist organizations from using ships to carry weapons of mass destruction or terrorists into the United States, the US government has continuously strengthened its Security measures for ports and shipping. CSI (Container Security Protocol) is a measure introduced by the US government based on this consideration. According to the agreement, the U.S. implements excellent inspection of containers from CSI’s corresponding ports, which strongly stimulated the rapid development of electronic seal technology. Due to its stronger safety performance, the active seal has received more demand and promotion after the “9.11 incident”. Active seals, combined with GPS technology, can transmit real-time information about the time, location and surrounding environment of the state change to the machine of the owner or manager when the state of the container changes. There are also some active electronic seals that can provide instant distress signals when damage occurs. In the long run, active electronic seals improve the safety and transparency of container transportation, and will greatly reduce overall transportation costs. And with the maturity of technology and the reduction of cost, active electronic seal technology is increasingly being adopted in the wider field of cargo transportation security.
product design
Taking into account the particularity of the application environment of military trains, based on the original electronic seal locks, the company has made great improvements in two aspects: the structure of the lock body and the communication method, so as to not only achieve reliable performance in practical applications, but also And it’s quite easy to deploy and use. Specifically, the company’s improved electronic seal lock has the following characteristics:
1. Integration of identification, encryption and transmission
The electronic seal lock has an embedded global unique ID number, which serves as the unique identifier for each seal lock to distinguish from each other. Under normal circumstances, each seal lock needs to have an authorized reading device to communicate with it in order to identify whether the seal lock has been opened illegally, but the shortcomings of this method are also obvious. First, it needs to be in each column. Reading equipment must be installed on the carriage, which will cause a significant increase in cost; second, the additional reading equipment will reduce the reliability of the system. The authentication information issued by the seal lock needs to be forwarded by the reader. If the reading is caused by non-human factors If the device fails to work normally, the probability of false alarms in the system will greatly increase. Taking into account the complexity of obtaining electricity from military trains, our company has greatly improved its communication mode when designing its products. The seal lock can receive and forward data by itself. In other words, the electronic seal lock based on active RFID technology is also A reading device can transfer data to each other, and all data transmissions are encrypted. In this sense, the seal lock achieves the integration of “identification, encryption and transmission”.
2. It can store logistics information and automatically identify the path of materials
The electronic seal lock has a powerful RFID function, which can store a large amount of logistics-related information (for example, record the detailed material information in each carriage in the seal lock to improve the efficiency and accuracy of logistics management), so that the logistics information can be transmitted along with the logistics. The switch and lock information is fully recorded during the entire logistics process.
3. Automatic networking and real-time monitoring
Electronic seal locks can be networked automatically. Each seal lock will automatically send its own data to the nearest seal lock. Once any of the seal locks is damaged, data transmission will be interrupted or the received data will be missing. The ID number of the seal lock triggers the system alarm. Each seal lock has been sending ID information since it was sealed, and the background receiver has also maintained real-time communication with the seal lock. Therefore, the military train has been under real-time monitoring. Once an unexpected situation occurs, it can be taken immediately Corresponding measures. This feature can overcome the inconveniences in the past that were often only found after the goods were stolen and tracked down.
4. Long-distance transmission, overcome the influence of metal
Another notable feature of the electronic seal lock is that it can transmit data over long distances and can effectively overcome the influence of metal (train body). This feature is very important to realize the automatic transmission of the entire system, because it is directly related to whether the various seal locks can be automatically networked, especially when the train door is at the rear of the car body. Metal has a great influence on wireless communication. The company’s seal lock uses a special data transmission technology, and the effective transmission distance can stably reach more than 150 meters, which is enough for practical use.
5. Long-term maintenance-free use
The electronic seal lock has a built-in high-energy battery and can be used normally for more than three years. All components of the seal lock are designed with low power consumption. When not in use, the seal lock enters a dormant state and consumes almost no energy. Even if it enters the working state, the power consumption of the data receiving and transmission process is also very saved. This feature can ensure that each seal lock can be used for a relatively long-term maintenance-free, without investing additional manpower and material resources for battery replacement and equipment maintenance. In addition, the seal lock can send its own battery usage to the background, once the battery is too low, it can automatically alarm.
6. Reliable design to resist harsh application environment
Another feature of the electronic seal lock is that its lock body hardware is all made of high-strength alloy materials, which can effectively resist rain, dust, and oil. As military trains often travel through mountains and ridges, harsh application environments will be inevitable. In addition, trains will frequently encounter high temperature (in the south or desert area in summer) and low temperature (in the north in winter) weather, which will severely test the reliability of the system. All components of the company’s seal lock have been strictly selected and tested under various harsh environments, and the seal lock is designed with a high degree of airtightness as a whole, and the relevant reliability indicators have reached military-level requirements.
application solution
1. Work flow
1. Authorized sealing and locking: At the place of departure, after military materials are loaded into the carriage, the authorized sealing personnel will lock the seal, and at this moment the electronic seal enters the working state and starts to monitor. When the seal locks of all carriages are locked and start to work, the background receiving system installed on the train will receive the ID numbers and status information of the seal locks on all carriages. If it matches the relevant information set in advance, it indicates that all The seal locks are all working normally. Obviously, the train cars that directly correspond to the seal locks are all ready.
2. Automatic networking: When the train is moving, all seal locks continuously send their own ID numbers to the neighboring seal locks, and then transmit data to the train control center in turn. At this time, if any seal lock encounters external damage, such as malicious knocking or cutting of the cable, the seal lock will automatically stop working. At this time, the train control center will not be able to receive the complete ID number, which will trigger the alarm system.
3. Authorized unlocking and unlocking: After the train reaches its goal safely, the operator will unlock the seal lock of each carriage through the unlocking code obtained by the military network security, and store the unlocking time and all seal lock ID numbers into the computer monitoring system. After unlocking, the seal lock automatically enters the dormant state. The following is a schematic diagram of data transmission during train travel:
The coordinator responsible for the final collection of complete seal lock information is set in the tractor guard room (or related location) at the forefront of the train. Starting from the first car (car 1) closest to it, the electronic seal lock is loaded at the door of each car Send the identity data to the next node in turn. After the train is loaded, the node relationship between the various seal locks will be automatically established, that is, a seal lock will transmit the information according to the priority order after receiving the information. We adopt the “probabilistic event-driven automatic networking” protocol with independent intellectual property rights. If a node in the transmission chain encounters damage and stops working, other related nodes will pass the data through other paths. This agreement cooperates with the low power consumption hardware system, make the whole electronic seal power consumption reach the world advanced level.
Each train can form a closed monitoring network by itself, or it can be connected to the monitoring center set up by the military for network monitoring. In the event of a major robbery, the monitoring center can respond immediately and mobilize relevant forces for follow-up responses.
Program features
• The product integrates RFID technology (automatic identification, readable and writable), electronic seal technology (sensor, data security and authorization), automatic networking technology and electronic lock technology (firm and easy to operate);
• All system hardware is designed and manufactured in accordance with strict environmental conditions, fully complying with actual requirements;
•Real-time network monitoring, you can understand the status of cargo transportation in real time, and learn about abnormal conditions in the first time;
• High anti-interference: no special requirements for various interference sources on site, easy and simple to install.
•Ultra-low power consumption: The equipment is used for a long time and the system investment is low.
•The electronic seal lock adopts 433M ultra-high frequency communication, the communication speed is extremely fast, and the train is not affected when the train is moving at high speed.
[ad_2]
