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Information management of bus operation, dispatch and safety is an important means to improve bus management and service levels, including: vehicle asset management, vehicle maintenance management, driving safety monitoring, vehicle driving geographic location and station arrival monitoring, etc. Among them, the automatic identification and positioning technology of vehicles is the key technology that has not been solved well at present. Based on the analysis and research of some existing solutions, combined with the company’s breakthrough in this technology, this paper proposes a more feasible Technical solutions.
1. Existing application scheme
First inspect some domestic application examples to understand the management concepts and schemes of the application system and their pros and cons.
1. GPS+GPRS type
This is a relatively complete and ideal solution for real-time vehicle positioning, but it also faces many problems in practical applications:
a) The one-time investment cost of the equipment is high
b) On-board equipment is complex and has poor reliability, causing high maintenance costs
c) Geographical information is incomplete or costly
d) Daily expenses of GPRS
e) System performance is greatly affected by satellites, geographic conditions and networks.
2. RFID type
RFID is attached to the vehicle, a reader is installed at the terminal or parking lot of the bus line, and connected to the management system through wireless or wired communication equipment to monitor the entry and exit of the vehicle and obtain dispatch information.
RFID is a relatively traditional technology with a wide range of applications and rich products. It can meet the requirements of long-distance, directional, high anti-interference, and high reliability for vehicle identification. The optional 2.4Ghz or 5.8 for this type of RFID product Ghz active RFID, but there are still the following problems:
a) rely on imports
b) High cost, especially RFID reader
c) The function is single and the conditions of use are harsher
RFID+DSRC (dedicated short-range communication)
Integrate RFID and DSRC, connect the vehicle-mounted driving recorder to DSRC, set up a reader and DSRC in the terminal of the bus line or parking lot, the reader is used to identify the RFID, and the DSRC is used to download the driving data in the driving recorder. This solution has been applied in the public transportation system of Shanghai Volkswagen Group. It cooperates with the driving recorder of Volkswagen Bus to solve the automatic high-speed download of data and automatic identification of vehicles in the station and gas station.
The biggest problem with this solution is that the driving recorder needs to connect and install multiple sensors on different models, which is complicated in installation, debugging, and maintenance, but can collect detailed driving and driving process information. p class=class_p> The above three applications have their own focal points and can be selected according to system requirements.
2. A practical solution using our company’s RFID and DSRC
Integrated RFID reader + DSRC
Car sideThe device is affixed to the front glass of the vehicle, the vehicle is powered by the power supply, and the reader automatically recognizes the passingSite-side RFID, And store the ID number and time information, when the vehicle arrives at the line terminal, upload all the stored data through DSRC.Car sideThe RFID can be automatically identified by the line terminal reader and represents the unique number of the vehicle.
Site-side RFIDIt is affixed to the stop sign, and all routes are common. It represents a station or geographic location. It is automatically identified by vehicles passing by. It does not need power supply. The service life is more than 5 years, regardless of the frequency and number of identifications.
Line terminal readerThe RFID of the vehicle is automatically recognized, and high-speed wireless communication with the vehicle equipment through DSRC, to obtain the data stored in the vehicle equipment.
The above scheme uses RFID to identify vehicles and sites, and adopts a “stick-on” installation method to solve the power supply problem of site identification. The company’s original RFID product is based on the “Bluetooth” core technology and adopts the latest wireless communication technology. Excellent performance, safety, stability and reliability, no need to apply for frequency on a global scale, no dependence on public resources, self-contained, is a reliable and pragmatic choice.
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